{"slug": "acropolis", "label": "Acropolis", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acropolis", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131668", "qid": "Q131668", "description": "defensible hilltop used as a settlement's religious, military, and/or political center", "entries": 17, "years": 17, "span": [-559, 1941], "span_label": ["560 BCE", "1941 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 9}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 4}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 2}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "athens", "label": "Athens", "shared": 16}, {"slug": "ottoman-empire", "label": "Ottoman Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "june", "label": "June", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "mehmed-ii", "label": "Mehmed II", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "pericles", "label": "Pericles", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "maya-civilization", "label": "Maya civilization", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "copan", "label": "Copán", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "duchy-of-athens", "label": "Duchy of Athens", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -559, "year_label": "560 BCE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Calf bearer (Moscophoros), from the Acropolis, Athens is made. It is now displayed at the Acropolis Museum, Athens (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1321464048#Events", "title": "560 BC", "revid": 1321464048, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": -529, "year_label": "530 BCE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Peplos Kore, from the Acropolis in Athens, is made. It is now at Acropolis Museum, Athens (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342712884#Art_and_architecture", "title": "530 BC", "revid": 1342712884, "section": "Events › By topic › Art and architecture"}}, {"year": -479, "year_label": "480 BCE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "The sculpture of the Kritios Boy is made on Acropolis, Athens (approximate date). It is now preserved in the Acropolis Museum in Athens.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342344662#Arts", "title": "480 BC", "revid": 1342344662, "section": "Events › By topic › Arts"}}, {"year": -455, "year_label": "456 BCE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "The first of the Athenian sculptor Phidias' monuments to Athena, the bronze Athena Promachos, is placed on the Athenian Acropolis, measuring about 9 metres high.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1000478716#Greece", "title": "456 BC", "revid": 1000478716, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -448, "year_label": "449 BCE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "Pericles places the Athenian sculptor Phidias in charge of all the artistic aspects of his reconstruction program. Construction begins on the Temple of Hephaestus in Athens, while the Athenian Senate commissions Callicrates to construct a temple to Athena Nike on the Acropolis.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1309703382#Greece", "title": "449 BC", "revid": 1309703382, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -446, "year_label": "447 BCE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Pericles commissions the architects Kallikrates and Iktinos to design a larger temple for the Parthenon and the construction begins on rebuilding the great temple of Athena (the Parthenon) on the Acropolis at Athens soon afterwards.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1196799197#Architecture", "title": "447 BC", "revid": 1196799197, "section": "Events › By subject › Architecture"}}, {"year": -437, "year_label": "438 BCE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "The Parthenon on the Acropolis at Athens is completed by Ictinus and Callicrates and is consecrated after 9 years of construction. It is dedicated at the Panathenaea (a festival held in honour of Athena every four years on the Acropolis).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1326570904#Greece", "title": "438 BC", "revid": 1326570904, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -436, "year_label": "437 BCE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Mnesikles starts to build Propylaia, Acropolis, Athens. The work is canceled in 432 BC, due to the Peloponnesian War, and thus is never finished.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1312957840#Architecture", "title": "437 BC", "revid": 1312957840, "section": "Events › By topic › Architecture"}}, {"year": -424, "year_label": "425 BCE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Callicrates starts to build the Temple of Athena Nike on the Acropolis in Athens (approximate date). Between 410 and 407 BC the temple is surrounded by a parapet.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1242238622#Architecture", "title": "425 BC", "revid": 1242238622, "section": "Events › By topic › Architecture"}}, {"year": -423, "year_label": "424 BCE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "The temple to Athena Nike (also known as the Wingless Victory) on the Athenian Acropolis is completed. It has been designed by the Athenian architect Callicrates.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1231841566#Architecture", "title": "424 BC", "revid": 1231841566, "section": "Events › By topic › Architecture"}}, {"year": -420, "year_label": "421 BCE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "The construction of the Porch of the Maidens (the Caryatid Porch) commences at the Erechtheion which is part of the Acropolis in Athens.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172919#Art", "title": "421 BC", "revid": 1354172919, "section": "Events › By topic › Art"}}, {"year": -409, "year_label": "410 BCE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "A relief decoration from the parapet (now destroyed), Nike (Victory) adjusting her sandal is constructed in the Temple of Athena Nike on the Acropolis in Athens and is ready in 407 BC. It is now preserved at the Acropolis Museum in Athens.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1239404382#Art", "title": "410 BC", "revid": 1239404382, "section": "Events › By subject › Art"}}, {"year": -404, "year_label": "405 BCE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "The Erechtheum, which includes The Porch of Maidens (Caryatid Porch), is completed in the Ionian style on the Acropolis in Athens after 16 years of construction.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350128832#Art", "title": "405 BC", "revid": 1350128832, "section": "Events › By topic › Art"}}, {"year": 504, "year_label": "504 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "A major expansion of Copán's ceremonial center, the Acropolis complex, is undertaken by B'alam Nehn (Waterlily Jaguar), the seventh ruler (ajaw) of the southeastern Maya city (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364747389#Mesoamerica", "title": "504", "revid": 1364747389, "section": "Events › By place › Mesoamerica"}}, {"year": 1391, "year_label": "1391 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "December 29", "text": "December 29 – Representatives of Prince Amadeo of Savoy meet with Nerio I Acciaioli, Duke of Athens at the Acropolis in a pact against the Navarrese Company. The parties agree to oppose the Navarrese control of Morea and Nerio agrees to recognize Amadeo as Prince of Achaea.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365430899#October–December", "title": "1391", "revid": 1365430899, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1458, "year_label": "1458 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June", "text": "June – Francesco II Acciaioli, last Duke of Athens, surrenders the city to the Ottoman Empire and Sultan Mehmed II enters peacefully in August. Ottoman authorities issue a decree to protect the Acropolis.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371245383#April–June", "title": "1458", "revid": 1371245383, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1941, "year_label": "1941 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 30", "text": "May 30 – WWII: Manolis Glezos and Apostolos Santas tear down the Nazi swastika on the Acropolis in Athens and replace it with the Greek flag.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372706275#May", "title": "1941", "revid": 1372706275, "section": "Events › May"}}]}