{"slug": "alauddin-khalji", "label": "Alauddin Khalji", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alauddin_Khalji", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335362", "qid": "Q335362", "description": "13th Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate and 2nd from the Khalji dynasty (1266-1316)", "entries": 16, "years": 13, "span": [1266, 1316], "span_label": ["1266 CE", "1316 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 11}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 2}, {"title": "Births", "count": 1}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 1}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "delhi-sultanate", "label": "Delhi Sultanate", "shared": 9}, {"slug": "delhi", "label": "Delhi", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "sindh", "label": "Sindh", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "india", "label": "India", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "september", "label": "September", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "pakistan", "label": "Pakistan", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "rajasthan", "label": "Rajasthan", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "karnataka", "label": "Karnataka", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "gujarat", "label": "Gujarat", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1266, "year_label": "1266 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Alauddin Khalji, Sultan of Delhi (d. 1316)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351320651#Births", "title": "1266", "revid": 1351320651, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1296, "year_label": "1296 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 20", "text": "July 20 – Jalal ud din Firuz Khalji dies, and his nephew and son-in-law Ala-Ud-Din-Khalji comes to the throne of the Delhi Sultanate in Hindustan, becoming the most powerful ruler of his dynasty.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368372269#January–December", "title": "1296", "revid": 1368372269, "section": "Events › January–December"}}, {"year": 1296, "year_label": "1296 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "October 21", "text": "October 21 – The formal coronation of Alauddin Khalji as Sultan of Delhi takes place, and he takes the regnal name Muhammad Shah I.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368372269#January–December", "title": "1296", "revid": 1368372269, "section": "Events › January–December"}}, {"year": 1298, "year_label": "1298 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Mongol invasion of India (1297–1298): Mongol forces led by Qutlugh Khwaja invade the Sindh region of the Delhi Sultanate and occupy the castle of Sivistan (modern Pakistan). Sultan Alauddin Khalji sends an army under Zafar Khan, who defeats the Mongols, on February 6. Some 20,000 Mongols are killed in the ensuing battle. The survivors are put into chains and brought to Delhi, where they are trampled to death by elephants.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363071319#Asia", "title": "1298", "revid": 1363071319, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1299, "year_label": "1299 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 25", "text": "February 25 – Sultan Alauddin Khalji orders the army (some 35,000 men) to prepare for the march to Gujarat. One part of the army under Nusrat Khan starts its march from Delhi. Another part, led by Ulugh Khan, marches from Sindh and attacks Jaisalmer along the way. When the army returns from raiding Gujarat, Mongol soldiers stage a mutiny over payment of khums (one-fifth of the share of loot). The mutiny is crushed, the mutineer families in Delhi are punished and executed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349939019#Asia", "title": "1299", "revid": 1349939019, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1301, "year_label": "1301 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "July 10", "text": "July 10 – Indian forces under Sultan Alauddin Khalji capture Ranthambore Fortress. During the siege, General Nusrat Khan Jalesari is hit and killed by a manjaniq stone.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361694592#July–_September", "title": "1301", "revid": 1361694592, "section": "Events › July– September"}}, {"year": 1303, "year_label": "1303 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 26", "text": "August 26 – Siege of Chittorgarh: Delhi forces led by Sultan Alauddin Khalji capture the massive Chittor Fort in northern India, after an 8-month-long siege. Alauddin orders a general massacre of Chittor's population.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360891664#July–September", "title": "1303", "revid": 1360891664, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1303, "year_label": "1303 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 28", "text": "January 28 – In India, the siege of Chittorgarh, capital of the Medapata Kingdom (now in the state of Rajasthan), begins as the Sultan of Delhi, Alauddin Khalji, seeks to acquire the territory of the Medapata Emperor, Ratnasimha.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360891664#January–March", "title": "1303", "revid": 1360891664, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1304, "year_label": "1304 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Sultan Alauddin Khalji orders a second invasion of Gujarat, which results in the annexation of the Kingdom of Vaghela into the Delhi Sultanate.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361428823#July_–_September", "title": "1304", "revid": 1361428823, "section": "Events › July – September"}}, {"year": 1305, "year_label": "1305 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 20", "text": "December 20 – Battle of Amroha: Mongol forces (some 30,000 men) invade the Delhi Sultanate again in northern India. Sultan Alauddin Khalji dispatches a cavalry force led by Vizier Ghazi Malik, to repulse the Mongols. During the battle (somewhere in the Amroha district), the Delhi forces inflict a crushing defeat upon the invaders. Many Mongols are taken prisoner and incorporated into the Delhi army.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1297125288#October_–_December", "title": "1305", "revid": 1297125288, "section": "Events › October – December"}}, {"year": 1306, "year_label": "1306 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Mongol invasion of India: Mongol forces invade the Delhi Sultanate, Sultan Alauddin Khalji sends an army under Malik Kafur to deal with the invaders and defeats them at the banks of the Ravi River. The Delhi army kills and captures many Mongols in their pursuit. Alauddin orders the survivors to be trampled under the feet of elephants.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354973149#Asia", "title": "1306", "revid": 1354973149, "section": "Events › By location › Asia"}}, {"year": 1308, "year_label": "1308 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 2", "text": "July 2 – Alauddin Khalji, Sultan of Delhi sets off from the Indian city of Delhi toward the Fort of Siwana (now in the Rajasthan state) to begin the siege of Siwana, which is completed in September.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367315343#July_–_September", "title": "1308", "revid": 1367315343, "section": "Events › July – September"}}, {"year": 1308, "year_label": "1308 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September", "text": "September – Siege of Siwana: Delhi forces under Alauddin Khalji capture the Siwana fortress after a two-month siege. During the siege, Alauddin defiles the main water tank of Siwana (by a traitor) with cows' blood.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367315343#July_–_September", "title": "1308", "revid": 1367315343, "section": "Events › July – September"}}, {"year": 1309, "year_label": "1309 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 31", "text": "October 31 – In India, Alauddin Khalji, Sultan of Delhi, orders General Malik Kafur to invade the Kakatiya kingdom, ruled by Prataparudra, and to besiege its capital, Warangal (now in India's Telangana state).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359759809#October_–_December", "title": "1309", "revid": 1359759809, "section": "Events › October – December"}}, {"year": 1313, "year_label": "1313 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 6", "text": "May 6 – In India, Veera Virupaksha Ballala, son and heir of Emperor Veera Ballala III of the Hoysala Empire, returns to the capital, Halebidu (now a ruins in the state of Karnataka), after two years as a hostage. Emperor Ballala III had agreed to leave his son behind at Delhi for two years as part of his surrender to the Delhi Sultan Alauddin Khalji.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361694602#April_–_June", "title": "1313", "revid": 1361694602, "section": "Events › April – June"}}, {"year": 1316, "year_label": "1316 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 4", "text": "January 4 – Sultan Alauddin Khalji of the Delhi Sultanate dies after a 19-year reign at Delhi. He is succeeded by his 5-year-old son, Shihabuddin Omar, with the support of Alauddin's general Malik Kafur. During his reign, a power struggle occurs between Malik Kafur and the Khalji family.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332018310#January_–_March", "title": "1316", "revid": 1332018310, "section": "Events › January – March"}}]}