{"slug": "ancient-corinth", "label": "Ancient Corinth", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Corinth", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1363688", "qid": "Q1363688", "description": "city-state in ancient Greece", "entries": 55, "years": 51, "span": [-758, 1684], "span_label": ["759 BCE", "1684 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 32}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 8}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 5}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 5}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 4}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "athens", "label": "Athens", "shared": 14}, {"slug": "sparta", "label": "Sparta", "shared": 14}, {"slug": "argos-peloponnese", "label": "Argos, Peloponnese", "shared": 12}, {"slug": "peloponnese", "label": "Peloponnese", "shared": 8}, {"slug": "thebes-greece", "label": "Thebes, Greece", "shared": 7}, {"slug": "syracuse-sicily", "label": "Syracuse, Sicily", "shared": 7}, {"slug": "greece", "label": "Greece", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "megara", "label": "Megara", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "macedon", "label": "Macedon", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "antigonus-ii-gonatas", "label": "Antigonus II Gonatas", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "sicily", "label": "Sicily", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "timoleon", "label": "Timoleon", "shared": 5}], "items": [{"year": -758, "year_label": "759 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "759 BC—Alexander, king of Corinth, was killed by his successor Telestes.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368385928#Deaths", "title": "750s BC", "revid": 1368385928, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -663, "year_label": "664 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "First naval battle in Greek recorded history, between Corinth and Corcyra.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370510244#Events", "title": "664 BC", "revid": 1370510244, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": -656, "year_label": "657 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Cypselus becomes the first tyrant of Corinth.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370510340#Greece", "title": "657 BC", "revid": 1370510340, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -626, "year_label": "627 BCE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Traditional date for the foundation of Epidamnus by Corinth, today Durrës in Albania.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370510220#Events", "title": "627 BC", "revid": 1370510220, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": -626, "year_label": "627 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Cypselus, Greek tyrant of Corinth", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370510220#Deaths", "title": "627 BC", "revid": 1370510220, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": -599, "year_label": "600 BCE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Pitcher (container) (olpe), from Corinth, is made. It is now at The British Museum, London. (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372139014#Art_and_architecture", "title": "600 BC", "revid": 1372139014, "section": "Events › By topic › Art and architecture"}}, {"year": -497, "year_label": "498 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "After the assassination of Cleander, tyrant of Gela, power is transferred to his brother, Hippocrates, who subdues the Sicels and conquers the Chalcidian cities of Callipoli, Leontini, Naxos and Zancle (now known as Messina). He also captures the Syracusan city of Camarina, but is prevented from capturing Syracuse itself when Corinth and Corcyra interferes in the war.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373138296#Sicily", "title": "498 BC", "revid": 1373138296, "section": "Events › By place › Sicily"}}, {"year": -491, "year_label": "492 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "When Camarina, a Syracusan colony, rebels, Hippocrates, the tyrant of Gela, intervenes to wage war against Syracuse. After defeating the Syracusan army at the Heloros River, he besieges the city. However, he is persuaded by the intervention of forces from the Greek mainland city of Corinth to retreat in exchange for the possession of Camarina.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172499#Sicily", "title": "492 BC", "revid": 1354172499, "section": "Events › By place › Sicily"}}, {"year": -459, "year_label": "460 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The First Peloponnesian War breaks out between the Delian League (led by Athens) and a Peloponnesian alliance (led by Sparta), caused in part by Athens' alliance with Megara and Argos and the subsequent reaction of Sparta. The Athenians have built long walls for the Megarans to their port at Nisaea, thereby earning the enmity of Megara's old rival Corinth.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354173290#Greece", "title": "460 BC", "revid": 1354173290, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -458, "year_label": "459 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Athens allied itself with the city state of Megara which was under pressure from Corinth. This alliance leads to war between Corinth and Athens. The first battle of the war, at Haliesis in the Gulf of Argolis, resulted in a Corinthian victory, but the next battle, the battle of Cecryphalea (modern Angistrion), went Athens' way.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354678972#Greece", "title": "459 BC", "revid": 1354678972, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -456, "year_label": "457 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Athens, the leader of the Delian League, comes into conflict with Corinth and its ally Sparta (leader of the Peloponnesian League) over Megara. Nicomedes of Sparta, regent for King Pleistoanax, leads an army of 11,500 hoplites into Boeotia to help Thebes put down a rebellion by Phocis.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371321391#Greece", "title": "457 BC", "revid": 1371321391, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -449, "year_label": "450 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "After minor preliminary successes (including the capture of Inessa from its Greek colonists), Ducetius, a Hellenised leader of the Siculi, an ancient people of Sicily, is decisively defeated by the combined forces of Syracuse and Acragas. Ducetius flees to exile in Corinth.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172732#Sicily", "title": "450 BC", "revid": 1354172732, "section": "Events › By place › Sicily"}}, {"year": -445, "year_label": "446 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Ducetius, the Hellenised leader of the Siculi, an ancient people of Sicily, returns from exile in Corinth to Sicily and colonises Cale Acte on the north coast with Greek and Siculi settlers.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372038982#Sicily", "title": "446 BC", "revid": 1372038982, "section": "Events › By place › Sicily"}}, {"year": -435, "year_label": "436 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Following Pericles' visit to the Black Sea, a large Athenian colony is founded at Amphipolis. This is disconcertingly close to an outpost of Corinthian influence at Potidaea in the Chalcidice. Corinth feels it is being indirectly pressured by Athens.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354173296#Greece", "title": "436 BC", "revid": 1354173296, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -434, "year_label": "435 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "A dispute arises between Epidamnus' oligarchs and democratic forces in the Greek colony. Most of the colony's inhabitants originate from Corinth or Corcyra (Corfu). Epidamnus' oligarchs are exiled and then appeal to Corcyra for help, while the democrats enlist the support of Corinth. Corcyra is then attacked by Corinth as the dispute heats up.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172915#Greece", "title": "435 BC", "revid": 1354172915, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -432, "year_label": "433 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Pericles concludes a defensive alliance with Corcyra (Corfu), the strong naval power in the Ionian Sea, which is the bitter enemy of Corinth. As a result, Athens intervenes in the dispute between Corinth and Corcyra, and, at the Battle of Sybota, a small contingent of Athenian ships play a critical role in preventing a Corinthian fleet from capturing Corcyra. Following this, Athens places Potidaea, a tributary ally of Athens but a colony of Corinth, under siege.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354173211#Greece", "title": "433 BC", "revid": 1354173211, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -431, "year_label": "432 BCE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Sparta calls and hosts a conference of the Peloponnesian League. The conference is attended by Athenian representatives as well as members of the League. Following arguments by Corinth against Athens, a majority of the League members vote to declare that the Athenians had broken the peace.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330384213#Greece", "title": "432 BC", "revid": 1330384213, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -428, "year_label": "429 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Athenian admiral Phormio has two naval victories, the Naupactus and the Battle of Rhium at the mouth of the Corinthian Gulf. In the first battle, his 20 ships defeat 47 Corinthian ships commanded by Machaon, Isocrates, and Agatharchidas that were advancing to reinforce the Spartan general, Cnemus's campaign in Acarnania. In the second battle, Phormio routs Cnemus's 77-vessel fleet.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172916#Greece", "title": "429 BC", "revid": 1354172916, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -394, "year_label": "395 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Unable to defeat Agesilaus's army, Pharnabazus decides to force Agesilaus to withdraw by stirring up trouble on the Greek mainland. He dispatches Timocrates of Rhodes to visit Athens, Thebes, Corinth, and Argos to incite and bribe them to act against Sparta. Timocrates succeeds in persuading powerful factions in each of those states to pursue an anti-Spartan policy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370496371#Persian_Empire", "title": "395 BC", "revid": 1370496371, "section": "Events › By place › Persian Empire"}}, {"year": -394, "year_label": "395 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The \"Corinthian War\" begins, with Athens, Thebes, Corinth and Argos (with the backing of Persia) against Sparta. The Spartans prepare to send out an army against this new alliance, and order Agesilaus to return to Greece. Agesilaus sets out for Sparta with his troops, crossing the Hellespont and marching west through Thrace.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370496371#Greece", "title": "395 BC", "revid": 1370496371, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -393, "year_label": "394 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The allies, Athens, Thebes, Corinth and Argos, gather a large army at Corinth. A sizable army is sent out from Sparta to challenge this force. The two sides meet on the dry bed of the Nemea River, in Corinthian territory. In the resultant Battle of Nemea, the Spartans win a major victory over the allies.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172908#Greece", "title": "394 BC", "revid": 1354172908, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -392, "year_label": "393 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Fighting breaks out in Corinth between the democratic and oligarchic parties. The democrats, supported by Argos, launch an attack on their opponents, and the oligarchs are driven from the city. These exiles go to the Spartans, based at this time at Sicyon, for support, while the Athenians and Boeotians support the democrats.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363862420#Greece", "title": "393 BC", "revid": 1363862420, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -392, "year_label": "393 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "In a night attack, the Spartans and exiles succeed in seizing Lechaeum, Corinth's port on the Gulf of Corinth, and defeat an army that comes out to challenge them the next day.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363862420#Greece", "title": "393 BC", "revid": 1363862420, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -390, "year_label": "391 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Iphicrates also campaigns against Phlius and Arcadia, decisively defeating their armies and plundering the territory of the Arcadians when they refuse to engage his troops. After this victory, an Argive army marches to Corinth, and, seizing the Acrocorinth, effectively merges Argos and Corinth.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367650502#Greece", "title": "391 BC", "revid": 1367650502, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -363, "year_label": "364 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Timophanes, along with a number of colleagues, including his brother Timoleon, takes possession of the acropolis of Corinth and Timophanes makes himself master of the city. Later, Timoleon, after ineffectual protests, tacitly acquiesces to his colleagues putting Timophanes to death for his actions.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354174238#Greece", "title": "364 BC", "revid": 1354174238, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -343, "year_label": "344 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The aristocracy of Syracuse appeal to their mother city of Corinth against their tyrant Dionysius II. The Corinthian general Timoleon is chosen to lead a liberation force to Sicily. Landing at Tauromenium (Taormina) on March 21st, Timoleon faces two armies, one under Dionysius and the other under Hicetas (tyrant of nearby Leontini), who has also called in Carthaginian forces. By shrewd tactics Timoleon defeats his enemies and occupies Syracuse.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172872#Sicily", "title": "344 BC", "revid": 1354172872, "section": "Events › By place › Sicily"}}, {"year": -342, "year_label": "343 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "After his surrender to the Corinthian general Timoleon, who takes over as ruler of Syracuse, the former tyrant, Dionysius II, is allowed to retire to Corinth to live in exile, although he dies within the year. The Syracusan constitution is changed by Timoleon with the new constitution designed to have safeguards against tyranny. Timoleon invites new settlers from Greece to come to Sicily.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172730#Italy", "title": "343 BC", "revid": 1354172730, "section": "Events › By place › Italy"}}, {"year": -341, "year_label": "342 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Corinthian general Timoleon spreads his rule over Sicily, removing a number of other tyrants and preparing Sicily for another threatened Carthaginian invasion.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1209992354#Sicily", "title": "342 BC", "revid": 1209992354, "section": "Events › By place › Sicily"}}, {"year": -337, "year_label": "338 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Philip II advances into Peloponnesus. He defeats Thessaly, subdues Sparta and summons a Pan-Hellenic Congress at Corinth. This results in the establishment of Macedonian hegemony over central Greece (including Athens).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172728#Macedonia", "title": "338 BC", "revid": 1354172728, "section": "Events › By place › Macedonia"}}, {"year": -337, "year_label": "338 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Athens arranges an alliance with Euboea, Megara, Achaea, Corinth, Acarnania and some other states in the Peloponnesus. However, the most desirable ally for Athens is Thebes. Therefore, the Athenian leader, Demosthenes, goes to the Boeotian city and secures an alliance with Thebes despite the efforts of a Macedonian deputation to persuade Thebes to join with Macedonia. In return, Athens agrees to Thebes controlling Boeotia, Thebes being in command solely on land and jointly at sea, and Athens paying two thirds of the campaign's cost.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172728#Macedonia", "title": "338 BC", "revid": 1354172728, "section": "Events › By place › Macedonia"}}, {"year": -335, "year_label": "336 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Alexander puts down a rebellion in Macedonia and crushes the rebellious Illyrians. He then appears at the gates of Thebes and receives the city's submission. After that he advances to the Corinthian isthmus and is elected by the assembled Greeks as their commander against Persia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172867#Macedonia", "title": "336 BC", "revid": 1354172867, "section": "Events › By place › Macedonia"}}, {"year": -316, "year_label": "317 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Acestorides, a native of Corinth, is made supreme commander by the citizens of Syracuse.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354173231#Sicily", "title": "317 BC", "revid": 1354173231, "section": "Events › By place › Sicily"}}, {"year": -311, "year_label": "312 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Telesphorus arrives in to the Peloponnese and starts expelling Cassander's garrisons. He successfully liberates all cities and towns that are being held for Cassander by Polyperchon and his son Alexander; all except Sicyon and Corinth who are being defended by Polyperchon and Alexander themselves.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172925#Greece/Macedon/Thrace", "title": "312 BC", "revid": 1354172925, "section": "Events › By place › Greece/Macedon/Thrace"}}, {"year": -307, "year_label": "308 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Ptolemy crosses from Asia Minor into Greece, where he takes possession of Corinth, Sicyon and Megara.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358626493#Greece", "title": "308 BC", "revid": 1358626493, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -302, "year_label": "303 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Demetrius Poliorcetes invades the Peloponnese and occupies Corinth, Sicyon, and Argos in the Peloponnese, and Achaea, Elis and almost all of Arcadia join his side.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172932#Greece", "title": "303 BC", "revid": 1354172932, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -301, "year_label": "302 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Antigonus' son Demetrius Poliorcetes attacks Cassander's forces in Thessaly. Cassander loses his possessions south of Thessaly to Demetrius. Antigonus and Demetrius crown their success by renewing the pan-Hellenic league. Ambassadors from all the Hellenic states (with the exception of Sparta, Messenia and Thessaly) meet at Corinth to elect Antigonus and Demetrius protectors of the new league.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372589595#Greece", "title": "302 BC", "revid": 1372589595, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -282, "year_label": "283 BCE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Following Demetrius Poliorcetes' death in captivity as a prisoner of Seleucus, his son Antigonus assumes the title of King of Macedonia, though in name only, as King Lysimachus of Thrace is in control of Macedonia. Demetrius' remains are given to Antigonus and he is honoured with a grand funeral in Corinth. After this, Demetrius is interred in the town of Demetrias which he had founded.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354173238#Greece", "title": "283 BC", "revid": 1354173238, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -270, "year_label": "271 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "With the restoration of the territories captured by Pyrrhus, and with grateful allies in Sparta and Argos, and garrisons in Corinth and other Greek key cities, Antigonus II securely controls Macedonia and the other states of Greece. Antigonus becomes the chief of the Thessalian League and is on good terms with neighbouring Illyria and Thrace. He secures his position in central and south Greece by keeping Macedonian occupation forces in the cities of Corinth, Chalcis on the island of Euboea, and Demetrias in Thessaly, the three \"shackles\" of Hellas.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370482485#Greece", "title": "271 BC", "revid": 1370482485, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -264, "year_label": "265 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Although the Egyptian fleet blockades the Saronic Gulf, the Macedonian King Antigonus II defeats the Spartans and kills the king of Sparta, Areus I near Corinth, after which he besieges Athens.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172727#Greece", "title": "265 BC", "revid": 1354172727, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -252, "year_label": "253 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Alexander, Antigonus II's nephew and regent, leads a revolt in Corinth with Ptolemy II's help and declares himself an independent monarch. As a result, Antigonus loses Corinth and Chalcis, the two bases from which he has dominated southern Greece. As the Aetolians occupy Thermopylae, Antigonus II is cut off from Athens and the Peloponnese.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172725#Greece", "title": "253 BC", "revid": 1354172725, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -244, "year_label": "245 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "After the death of his nephew, Alexander of Corinth, Antigonus II gives Nicaea, Alexander's widow, to his son Demetrius in marriage. Through this action, Antigonus II regains Corinth which has been independent while under the rule of Alexander of Corinth.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172724#Greece", "title": "245 BC", "revid": 1354172724, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -242, "year_label": "243 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Without a declaration of hostilities, Greek statesman, Aratus of Sicyon, who has gradually built up the Achaean League into a major power in Greece, makes a surprise attack on Corinth and forces the withdrawal of the Macedonian occupation troops. Megara, Troezen, and Epidaurus also desert the Macedonian King Antigonus II.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172722#Greece", "title": "243 BC", "revid": 1354172722, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -223, "year_label": "224 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "After the Spartan King Cleomenes III takes on Pellene, Phlius and Argos, Aratus of Sicyon is forced to call upon King Antigonus III of Macedonia for assistance. Antigonus III's forces fail to pierce Cleomenes' lines near Corinth, but a revolt against Cleomenes at Argos put the Spartans on the defensive.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172702#Greece", "title": "224 BC", "revid": 1354172702, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -219, "year_label": "220 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Aratus of Sicyon counters Aetolian aggression by obtaining the assistance of the Hellenic League now under the leadership of Philip V of Macedon. In the resulting Social War, the Hellenic League of Greek states is assembled in Corinth at Philip V's instigation. He then leads the Hellenic League in battles against Aetolia, Sparta and Elis.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360598324#Greece", "title": "220 BC", "revid": 1360598324, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -195, "year_label": "196 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "At the Isthmian Games at Corinth, the Roman proconsul Titus Quinctius Flamininus proclaims that all Greeks are to be free and governed by their own laws. For this deed he is hailed in many Greek cities as a saviour and accorded homage alongside the gods.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172645#Roman_Republic", "title": "196 BC", "revid": 1354172645, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -145, "year_label": "146 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Roman armies destroy Carthage and Corinth.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354349690#Roman_Republic", "title": "146 BC", "revid": 1354349690, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": 40, "year_label": "40 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "An early Christian church is erected at Corinth (most probable date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373289291#AD_40", "title": "40s", "revid": 1373289291, "section": "Timeline › AD 40"}}, {"year": 56, "year_label": "56 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The apostle Paul writes his Epistle to the Romans, from Corinth (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373339620#Greece", "title": "50s", "revid": 1373339620, "section": "Events › 56 AD › Greece"}}, {"year": 65, "year_label": "65 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Paul writes his first epistle to Timothy in Corinth; afterwards, he goes to Nikopoli to spend the winter.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363561417#Religion", "title": "AD 65", "revid": 1363561417, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 396, "year_label": "396 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Revolt of Alaric I: The Visigoths, led by Alaric I, rampage through Greece and plunder Corinth, Argos and Sparta. They destroy the Temple of Eleusis, and harry the Peloponnese. Stilicho makes peace with the Goths, and allows them to settle in Epirus (Balkans).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1276670607#Roman_Empire", "title": "396", "revid": 1276670607, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 584, "year_label": "584 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Slavs push south on the Balkan Peninsula – partly in conjunction with the Avars under their ruler (khagan) Bayan I – ravaging the cities Athens and Corinth, and threatening the Long Walls of Constantinople.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364754048#Europe", "title": "584", "revid": 1364754048, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 805, "year_label": "805 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Siege of Patras: Local Slavic tribes of the Peloponnese lay siege to the city of Patras (modern Greece), with aid from an Arab fleet. A Byzantine relief army under Skleros, military governor (strategos) from Corinth, is sent and retakes the city. The captured Slavs in Patras are made slaves, and a church is dedicated to St. Andrew.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361734873#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "805", "revid": 1361734873, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 1147, "year_label": "1147 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "A Sicilian fleet (some 70 ships) under George of Antioch attacks Corfu, the island surrenders and welcomes the Normans as their liberators. Leaving a garrison of 1,000 men, George sails to the Peloponnesus. He pillages the cities of Corinth, Athens and Thebes. King Roger II begins an 11-year war between Sicily and the Byzantine Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362163362#Europe", "title": "1147", "revid": 1362163362, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1212, "year_label": "1212 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Spring – After the fall of Argos the Crusaders complete their conquest of the Morea in southern Greece. The city, along with Nauplia, is given to Othon de la Roche, a Burgundian nobleman, as a fief, along with an income of 400 hyperpyron from Corinth. Meanwhile, the Venetians conquer Crete and evict Henry, Count of Malta (\"Enrico Pescatore\"), a Genoese adventurer and pirate, active in the Mediterranean.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354428304#Europe", "title": "1212", "revid": 1354428304, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1684, "year_label": "1684 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 25", "text": "April 25 – The Morean War begins as the Republic of Venice declares war on the Ottoman Empire for control of the Peloponnese area of Greece, a peninsula which includes Corinth and Sparta and has been referred to by the Ottomans as Morea.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366005630#April–June", "title": "1684", "revid": 1366005630, "section": "Events › April–June"}}]}