{"slug": "aquitaine", "label": "Aquitaine", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquitaine", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1179", "qid": "Q1179", "description": "former administrative region of France", "entries": 37, "years": 35, "span": [380, 1412], "span_label": ["380 CE", "1412 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 12}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 7}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 6}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 5}, {"title": "Births", "count": 2}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 2}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "francia", "label": "Francia", "shared": 8}, {"slug": "charlemagne", "label": "Charlemagne", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-burgundy", "label": "Kingdom of Burgundy", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "toulouse", "label": "Toulouse", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "louis-the-pious", "label": "Louis the Pious", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "france", "label": "France", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "gascony", "label": "Gascony", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "bordeaux", "label": "Bordeaux", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "neustria", "label": "Neustria", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "odo-the-great", "label": "Odo the Great", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "septimania", "label": "Septimania", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "austrasia", "label": "Austrasia", "shared": 3}], "items": [{"year": 380, "year_label": "380 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The Council of Saragossa is held; Spanish and Aquitanian bishops condemn the teachings of Priscillianism.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1281452530#Religion", "title": "380", "revid": 1281452530, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 417, "year_label": "417 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The Visigoths are granted Aquitaine, and become allies (foederati) of the Western Roman Empire. King Wallia establishes his capital at Toulouse.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367640866#Roman_Empire", "title": "417", "revid": 1367640866, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 460, "year_label": "460 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Majorian gathers an expeditionary force (Alans and other barbarians) in Liguria, and enters Aquitaine after a long march, where he visits King Theodoric II at Toulouse.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360598361#Roman_Empire", "title": "460", "revid": 1360598361, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 567, "year_label": "567 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "King Charibert I dies without an heir; his realm (region Neustria and Aquitaine) is divided between his brothers Guntram, Sigebert I and Chilperic I.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340800789#Europe", "title": "567", "revid": 1340800789, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 584, "year_label": "584 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September", "text": "September – King Chilperic I is stabbed to death while returning from a hunt near Chelles, after a 23-year reign over a territory extending from Aquitaine, to the northern seacoast of what later will be France. His wife Fredegund, who has paid for his assassination, seizes his wealth, flees to Paris with her son Chlothar II, and persuades the nobles to accept him as legitimate heir while she serves as regent, continuing her power struggles with Guntram, king of Burgundy, and her sister Brunhilda, queen mother of Austrasia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364754048#Europe", "title": "584", "revid": 1364754048, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 632, "year_label": "632 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 8", "text": "April 8 – King Charibert II is assassinated at Blaye (Gironde), (possibly on orders of his half-brother Dagobert I), along with his infant son. Dagobert I claims Aquitaine and Gascony, becoming the most powerful Merovingian king in the West.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370178497#Europe", "title": "632", "revid": 1370178497, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 632, "year_label": "632 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "April 8", "text": "April 8 – Charibert II, king of Aquitaine", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370178497#Deaths", "title": "632", "revid": 1370178497, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 714, "year_label": "714 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Duke Eudes proclaims himself the independent prince of Aquitaine (located north-east of the Garonne River), thereby asserting legal as well as practical independence from the Frankish Kingdom.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364468088#Europe", "title": "714", "revid": 1364468088, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 720, "year_label": "720 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Umayyad conquest of Gaul: Governor Al-Samh continues his campaign; he makes Narbonne the capital city of Muslim Septimania (Southern France), and uses it as a base for razzias. King Ardo is killed, and becomes the last ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom of Hispania. Some Visigoths refuse to adopt the Muslim faith, and flee north to Aquitaine. This marks the end of the Visigothic Kingdom.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349994139#Europe", "title": "720", "revid": 1349994139, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 721, "year_label": "721 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Summer – Charles Martel restores the authority of the Austrasian palace throughout the Frankish Kingdom, including against Frankish-claimed Aquitaine and Provence (Southern France). He exiles Rigobert, bishop of Reims, to Gascony.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340808636#Europe", "title": "721", "revid": 1340808636, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 725, "year_label": "725 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Duke Eudes of Aquitaine seeks an alliance with Munuza, governor of Cerdagne (eastern Pyrenees), currently in rebellion against the central Umayyad government at Córdoba in Andalusia (probably not cemented until 729).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340808658#Europe", "title": "725", "revid": 1340808658, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 733, "year_label": "733 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Duke Eudes of Aquitaine, aged almost 80, abdicates and retires to a monastery. His lands are divided between his sons Hunald I and Hatton, who continue the conflict with Charles Martel, mayor of the palace of Neustria and Austrasia. In battles at Benest in Charente and La Rochefoucauld (near Angoulême), Charles probably defeats the Aquitainians. He also campaigns against the Burgundians.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340809659#Europe", "title": "733", "revid": 1340809659, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 735, "year_label": "735 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Eudes, duke of Aquitaine (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340809672#Deaths", "title": "735", "revid": 1340809672, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 760, "year_label": "760 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Frankish King Pepin III (\"the Short\") begins his expedition to Septimania and Aquitaine. He conquers the cities of Carcassonne, Toulouse, Rodez and Albi. Duke Waifer of Aquitaine confiscates the Church lands, and plunders Burgundy. Pepin invades Aquitanian-held Berry and the Auvergne, capturing the fortresses of Bourbon and Clermont. Waifer's Basque troops are defeated by the Franks, and deported into northern France with their children and wives.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358120145#Europe", "title": "760", "revid": 1358120145, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 767, "year_label": "767 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Franks, under King Pepin III (\"the Short\"), destroy resistance in central Aquitaine. They conquer the capital of Bordeaux, and devastate the whole region.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350246348#Europe", "title": "AD 767", "revid": 1350246348, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 768, "year_label": "768 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "September 24", "text": "September 24 – King Pepin III (the Short) dies at Saint-Denis, Neustria. The Frankish Kingdom is divided between his two sons: Charlemagne and Carloman I. According to Salic law Charlemagne receives the outer parts of the kingdom bordering on the sea, namely Neustria, western Aquitaine, and the northern parts of Austrasia; while Carloman is awarded his uncle's former share, the inner parts: southern Austrasia, Septimania, eastern Aquitaine, Burgundy, Provence, Swabia, and the lands bordering Italy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267068964#Frankish_Kingdom", "title": "768", "revid": 1267068964, "section": "Events › By place › Frankish Kingdom"}}, {"year": 769, "year_label": "769 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "King Charlemagne (Charles \"the Great\") begins a military campaign against the Duchy of Aquitaine and the Duchy of Gascony. He leads a Frankish army to the city of Bordeaux, where he sets up a fort at Fronsac. His younger brother Carloman I refuses to help his brother fight the rebels, and returns to Burgundy. Hunald, duke of Aquitaine, is forced to flee to the court of Gascony. Lupus II, fearing Charlemagne, turns Hunald over in exchange for peace, and is put in a monastery. Aquitaine and Gascony are subdued into the Frankish Kingdom.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349074717#Europe", "title": "769", "revid": 1349074717, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 781, "year_label": "781 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "King Charlemagne has his son Carloman (renamed Pepin) anointed \"King of Italy\", and he is crowned by Pope Adrian I with the Iron Crown of Lombardy. His younger brother Charles I is anointed king of Aquitaine, and Louis the Pious (only 3-years old) is appointed sub-king of Italy and Aquitaine, following the conversion of Aquitaine from a Duchy to a sub-kingdom.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848254#Europe", "title": "781", "revid": 1340848254, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 786, "year_label": "786 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "King Charles the Younger, son of Charlemagne and ruler of Aquitaine, visits Monte Cassino and Capua, both in Beneventan territory. Prince Arechis II, feeling threatened by the Franks, decides that he needs to stop quarrelling with the Byzantine Duchy of Naples so he can focus on the Frankish foe. Prince Arechis II therefore signs a peace agreement, or 'pactum', with the Duchy of Naples.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848276#Europe", "title": "786", "revid": 1340848276, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 794, "year_label": "794 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Council of Frankfurt: King Charlemagne calls for a church meeting of the Frankish realm. Bishops and priests from Francia, Aquitaine, Italy, and Provence are gathered in Franconofurd (modern-day Frankfurt am Main).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848638#Religion", "title": "794", "revid": 1340848638, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 797, "year_label": "797 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Pepin I of Aquitaine, king of Aquitaine (d. 838)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358611998#Births", "title": "797", "revid": 1358611998, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 813, "year_label": "813 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 11", "text": "September 11 — Louis the Pious, king of Aquitaine (and only surviving legitimate son), is crowned co-emperor of the Franks, with his father Charlemagne.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340940841#Europe", "title": "813", "revid": 1340940841, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 817, "year_label": "817 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Summer – Emperor Louis I issues an Ordinatio Imperii, an imperial decree that lays out plans for an orderly succession. He divides the Frankish Empire among his three sons: Lothair, the eldest, is proclaimed co-emperor in Aachen, and becomes the overlord of his brothers. He receives the dominion of Burgundy (including German and Gallic parts). Pepin, the second son, is proclaimed king of Aquitaine, and receives Gascony (including the marche around Toulouse and parts of Septimania); Louis (the youngest son) is proclaimed king of Bavaria, and receives the dominions of East Francia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349204806#Europe", "title": "817", "revid": 1349204806, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 830, "year_label": "830 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Louis the Pious returns from a campaign in Brittany, and is captured by his son Pepin I, king of Aquitaine. He is put under house arrest at Compiegne, and his wife Judith is incarcerated at Poitiers.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359310799#Europe", "title": "830", "revid": 1359310799, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 843, "year_label": "843 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "Summer – Viking raiders attack Nantes, located on the River Loire; they kill the town's bishop along with many of the clergy, and murder men, women and children. They plunder the western parts of Aquitaine and reach an island north of the mouth of the River Garonne, near what later will be La Rochelle. There the Vikings bring materials from the mainland and build houses to spend the winter.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340941897#Europe", "title": "843", "revid": 1340941897, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 844, "year_label": "844 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Summer – King Charles the Bald struggles against the repeated rebellions in Aquitaine, and against the Bretons in West Francia. He besieges Bernard I at the Battle of Toulouse, while Duke Nominoe raids into Maine, and plunders other Frankish territory.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342120631#Europe", "title": "844", "revid": 1342120631, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 848, "year_label": "848 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Summer – Bordeaux, capital of Aquitaine, falls into the hands of Viking raiders. King Charles the Bald sends a Frankish fleet to lift the siege. Despite destroying some Viking longships on the Dordogne River, they fail to save the city. The Abbey of Saint-Pierre in Brantôme is sacked.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341129160#Europe", "title": "848", "revid": 1341129160, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 849, "year_label": "849 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Frankish forces under King Charles the Bald invade southern France, and conquer the territory of Toulouse. He appoints Fredelo as count (comté) of Toulouse, who founds the Rouergue dynasty. Aquitaine is submitted to the West Frankish Kingdom.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341129155#Europe", "title": "849", "revid": 1341129155, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 864, "year_label": "864 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Robert the Strong, margrave of Neustria, attacks the Loire Vikings in a successful campaign. Other Viking raiders plunder the cities of Limoges and Clermont, in Aquitaine.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365939843#Europe", "title": "864", "revid": 1365939843, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 926, "year_label": "926 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "December 12", "text": "December 12, William II, duke of Aquitaine", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341509745#Deaths", "title": "926", "revid": 1341509745, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 937, "year_label": "937 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "William IV, duke of Aquitaine (d. 994)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367668437#Births", "title": "937", "revid": 1367668437, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1320, "year_label": "1320 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "March 20", "text": "March 20 (Easter Sunday) – Shepherds' Crusade (Le Pastoureaux): In France, a large group of common people band together in Normandy to begin a crusade, after a teenage shepherd says he was visited by the Holy Spirit. They march south to Aquitaine, attacking castles, royal officials, priests and lepers along the way. Jewish communes are attacked at Saintes, Cahors, Verdun-sur-Garonne, Albi and Toulouse. When they finally cross into Spain, Aragonese forces under Prince Alfonso halt their advance.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353685641#January_–_March", "title": "1320", "revid": 1353685641, "section": "Events › January – March"}}, {"year": 1329, "year_label": "1329 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 6", "text": "June 6 – Edward III of England pays homage to Philip VI of France for Aquitaine.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1344101347#January–December", "title": "1329", "revid": 1344101347, "section": "Events › January–December"}}, {"year": 1369, "year_label": "1369 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 25", "text": "January 25 – King Charles of France sends a summons to Edward the Black Prince, who is residing at Bordeaux, demanding that Edward appear before the King in Paris to answer for Edward's assessment of taxes on the people of Aquitaine. The Black Prince reportedly responds with the threat \"We will willingly attend at Paris on the day appointed since the King of France sends for us, but it shall be with our helmet on our head and 60,000 men in our company\".", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371621472#January–March", "title": "1369", "revid": 1371621472, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1369, "year_label": "1369 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 30", "text": "November 30 – Hundred Years' War: Charles V of France recaptures most of Aquitaine from the English.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371621472#October–December", "title": "1369", "revid": 1371621472, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1371, "year_label": "1371 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "January", "text": "January – Edward the Black Prince, gives up the administration of Aquitaine and returns to England, because of his poor health and heavy debts.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370413855#January–March", "title": "1371", "revid": 1370413855, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1412, "year_label": "1412 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 18", "text": "May 18 – The Treaty of Bourges is signed between King Henry IV of England and Charles, Duke of Orléans, as the Armagnacs offer England full sovereignty over Aquitaine and Gascony in return for 4,000 troops and military aid against the Burgundians and John the Fearless.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357537157#April–June", "title": "1412", "revid": 1357537157, "section": "Events › April–June"}}]}