{"slug": "balearic-islands", "label": "Balearic Islands", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balearic_Islands", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5765", "qid": "Q5765", "description": "archipelago in the Mediterranean Sea", "entries": 20, "years": 20, "span": [-205, 1983], "span_label": ["206 BCE", "1983 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 7}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 6}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 4}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 2}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "republic-of-pisa", "label": "Republic of Pisa", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "saracen", "label": "Saracen", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "byzantine-empire", "label": "Byzantine Empire", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "sardinia", "label": "Sardinia", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "corsica", "label": "Corsica", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "arab-muslims", "label": "Arab Muslims", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "cadiz", "label": "Cádiz", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "catalonia", "label": "Catalonia", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "moors", "label": "Moors", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "emirate-of-cordoba", "label": "Emirate of Córdoba", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "county-of-barcelona", "label": "County of Barcelona", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "mediterranean-sea", "label": "Mediterranean Sea", "shared": 2}], "items": [{"year": -205, "year_label": "206 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "In the Battle of Ilipa (Alcalá del Río, near Seville) in Spain, the Carthaginian generals, Mago Barca and Hasdrubal Gisco, are defeated by the Roman general Publius Cornelius Scipio. Mago retreats to Gades (modern Cádiz) and then sails for the Balearic Islands.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361853494#Roman_Republic", "title": "206 BC", "revid": 1361853494, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -122, "year_label": "123 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Quintus Caecilius Metellus conquers the Balearic Islands for Rome, for which he earns the agnomen \"Balearicus.\" He settles 3,000 Roman and Iberian colonists on the islands and founds the cities of Palma and Pollentia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1249010029#Roman_Republic", "title": "123 BC", "revid": 1249010029, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": 476, "year_label": "476 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Winter – Zeno recognizes the full extent of the Vandal Kingdom, including all of western Africa, the Balearic Islands, Corsica, Sardinia and Sicily. King Gaiseric gives Sicily, with the exception of the city of Lilybaeum, to Odoacer in return for tribute.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355222972#Roman_Empire", "title": "476", "revid": 1355222972, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 624, "year_label": "624 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The Visigoths under King Suintila recapture the Byzantine territories of Spania (Andalusia), after 70 years of occupation. Only the Balearic Islands stay a part of the Byzantine Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1343884392#Europe", "title": "624", "revid": 1343884392, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 707, "year_label": "707 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The Muslim-Arabs conquer the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340807099#Arabian_Empire", "title": "AD 707", "revid": 1340807099, "section": "Events › By place › Arabian Empire"}}, {"year": 724, "year_label": "724 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "A Muslim fleet raids the Byzantine-ruled Balearic Islands, as well as Byzantine Sardinia and Lombard Corsica.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340808653#Arabian_Empire", "title": "724", "revid": 1340808653, "section": "Events › By place › Arabian Empire"}}, {"year": 812, "year_label": "812 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Charlemagne conquers Catalonia, as far south as the River Ebro and the Balearic Islands. The counties come under the rule of Bera, count of Barcelona. He signs a three-year peace treaty with the Emirate of Córdoba.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1345909676#Europe", "title": "812", "revid": 1345909676, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 902, "year_label": "902 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Winter – The Balearic Islands are conquered by the Emirate of Córdoba. The Moors improve agriculture with irrigation on the islands.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341130244#Europe", "title": "902", "revid": 1341130244, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1004, "year_label": "1004 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Saracen pirates under the Balearic emir Mugahid sack Pisa, destroying nearly one-quarter of the city.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369529611#Europe", "title": "1004", "revid": 1369529611, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1113, "year_label": "1113 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 7", "text": "September 7 – The Republic of Pisa signs a treaty with Ramon Berenguer III ('the Great'), count of Barcelona. The Pisan fleet embarks on a campaign against the Moors in the Balearic Islands.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267067505#Europe", "title": "1113", "revid": 1267067505, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1116, "year_label": "1116 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Almoravid troops conquer the Balearic Islands, whose Moorish rulers have been severely weakened by Pisan and Catalan raiders.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362168627#Europe", "title": "1116", "revid": 1362168627, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1146, "year_label": "1146 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Republic of Genoa raids the Muslim-held Balearic Islands. The Republic of Pisa protests officially – seeing the islands as rightfully theirs. The Genoese then proceed to lay siege to Almería, in vain.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369184470#Europe", "title": "1146", "revid": 1369184470, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1178, "year_label": "1178 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "July 17", "text": "July 17 – Saracen pirates, from the Balearic Islands, raid the Cistercian monastery of Saint Honorat on the Lérins Islands, and the city of Toulon, killing an estimated 300 and taking captives. The surviving captives are freed from the Balearic Islands in 1185.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362170417#Europe", "title": "1178", "revid": 1362170417, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1197, "year_label": "1197 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Saracen pirates, from the Balearic Islands, raid the city of Toulon in Provence, and the Benedictine monastery of Saint Honorat, on the Lérins Islands.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371224721#Europe", "title": "1197", "revid": 1371224721, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1202, "year_label": "1202 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The Almohad fleet expels the Banu Ghaniya from the Balearic Islands.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369187490#Europe", "title": "1202", "revid": 1369187490, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1311, "year_label": "1311 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "May 29", "text": "May 29 – Sancho the Peaceful of Barcelona becomes the new King of Majorca, a set of islands in the Mediterranean Sea (now Spain's Balearic Islands) after the death of his father, King Jaume II", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332018282#April_–_June", "title": "1311", "revid": 1332018282, "section": "Events › April – June"}}, {"year": 1344, "year_label": "1344 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "King Peter IV of Aragon defeats and deposes his cousin, James III of Majorca, thereby absorbing the Balearic Kingdom of Majorca into the Crown of Aragon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1292555127#Date_unknown", "title": "1344", "revid": 1292555127, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1651, "year_label": "1651 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 17", "text": "June 17 – Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659); A squadron of Spanish galleys under John Joseph of Austria capture the French galleon Lion Couronné off Formentera, Balearic Islands, Spain.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365975166#April–June", "title": "1651", "revid": 1365975166, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1715, "year_label": "1715 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 28", "text": "November 28 – The application of the Nueva Planta decrees, in Mallorca and the other Balearic Islands (formerly under the Crown of Aragon), bring them under the laws of the Crown of Castile.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355668843#October–December", "title": "1715", "revid": 1355668843, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1983, "year_label": "1983 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 1", "text": "March 1 – The Balearic Islands and Madrid become Autonomous communities of Spain.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366392977#March", "title": "1983", "revid": 1366392977, "section": "Events › March"}}]}