{"slug": "basra", "label": "Basra", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basra", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48195", "qid": "Q48195", "description": "capital of Basra Governorate, in southern Iraq", "entries": 14, "years": 14, "span": [636, 1702], "span_label": ["636 CE", "1702 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 8}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 2}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "iraq", "label": "Iraq", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "zanj-rebellion", "label": "Zanj Rebellion", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "zanj", "label": "Zanj", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "persian-gulf", "label": "Persian Gulf", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "safavid-iran", "label": "Safavid Iran", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "september", "label": "September", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "mesopotamia", "label": "Mesopotamia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "sasanian-empire", "label": "Sasanian Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "arabian-peninsula", "label": "Arabian Peninsula", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "umayyad-caliphate", "label": "Umayyad Caliphate", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "slavery", "label": "Slavery", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "tunisia", "label": "Tunisia", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 636, "year_label": "636 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The city of Basra (modern Iraq) is founded on the Shatt al-Arab, at the head of the Persian Gulf. The port will become a major trading center for commodities from Arabia, India, and Persia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267068315#Arabia", "title": "636", "revid": 1267068315, "section": "Events › By place › Arabia"}}, {"year": 656, "year_label": "656 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 8", "text": "December 8 – Battle of the Camel: Rebel Arabs under Aisha (widow of Muhammad) begin a revolt against Ali. They are defeated at Basra, and Aisha is exiled to Medina. During the battle 10,000 people lose their lives, with each party bearing equal loss.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367635539#Arabian_Empire", "title": "656", "revid": 1367635539, "section": "Events › By place › Arabian Empire"}}, {"year": 662, "year_label": "662 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Ziyad ibn Abi Sufyan, Muslim general and a member of the Umayyad clan, is appointed governor of Iraq (Basra) and the former Persian provinces (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340805159#Arab_Empire", "title": "662", "revid": 1340805159, "section": "Events › By place › Arab Empire"}}, {"year": 702, "year_label": "702 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Al-Muhallab ibn Abi Sufra, Arab general and governor of Basra", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340807070#Deaths", "title": "702", "revid": 1340807070, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 720, "year_label": "720 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "Yazid ibn al-Muhallab, former governor of Iraq, revolts and is defeated at Basra, by Umayyad forces under Al-Abbas ibn al-Walid and Maslama ibn Abd al-Malik. He is arrested and later executed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349994139#Arabian_Empire", "title": "720", "revid": 1349994139, "section": "Events › By place › Arabian Empire"}}, {"year": 756, "year_label": "756 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Ibn al-Muqaffa', Muslim writer and thinker, is tortured at Basra (modern Iraq), on orders from Caliph al-Mansur. His limbs are severed and he is thrown, still alive, into a burning oven (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366654675#Abbasid_Caliphate", "title": "756", "revid": 1366654675, "section": "Events › By place › Abbasid Caliphate"}}, {"year": 758, "year_label": "758 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "A group of four Basra-educated missionaries, including 'Abd al-Rahman Iban Rustam, proclaim the Ibadi imamate. Followers conquer the city of Kairouan (modern Tunisia), and massacre the Kharijites.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366654492#Africa", "title": "758", "revid": 1366654492, "section": "Events › By place › Africa"}}, {"year": 762, "year_label": "762 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 25", "text": "September 25 – The Alid Revolt begins: Muhammad al-Nafs al-Zakiyya raises the banner against the Abbasids at Medina, followed by his brother Ibrahim ibn Abdallah at Basra in early 763. Muhammad's rebellion is suppressed, and he is killed by Abbasid troops under Isa ibn Musa.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340847727#Abbasid_Caliphate", "title": "762", "revid": 1340847727, "section": "Events › By place › Abbasid Caliphate"}}, {"year": 870, "year_label": "870 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Zanj Rebellion: The Zanj (black slaves from East Africa) capture the Abbasid seaport of Al-Ubullah at the Persian Gulf, and cut off communications with Basra (modern Iraq).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341129562#Abbasid_Caliphate", "title": "870", "revid": 1341129562, "section": "Events › By place › Abbasid Caliphate"}}, {"year": 871, "year_label": "871 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September", "text": "September – Battle of Basra: Zanj rebels in Mesopotamia sack and capture Basra (see Zanj Rebellion).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341129558#Arabian_Empire", "title": "871", "revid": 1341129558, "section": "Events › By place › Arabian Empire"}}, {"year": 923, "year_label": "923 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 11", "text": "August 11 – The Qarmatians of Bahrayn capture and pillage the city of Basra.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341509659#Asia", "title": "923", "revid": 1341509659, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1697, "year_label": "1697 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 26", "text": "March 26 – Safavid occupation of Basra: Safavid government troops take control of Basra.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355431044#January–March", "title": "1697", "revid": 1355431044, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1701, "year_label": "1701 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 9", "text": "June 9 – Safavid troops retreat from Basra, ending a three-year occupation.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366683505#January–June", "title": "1701", "revid": 1366683505, "section": "Events › January–June"}}, {"year": 1702, "year_label": "1702 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "November 22", "text": "November 22 – The Dutch East India Company ship Amsterdam (1691) founders en route from Bombay to Basra during a storm with the loss of all hands.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362986314#October–December", "title": "1702", "revid": 1362986314, "section": "Events › October–December"}}]}