{"slug": "black-death", "label": "Black Death", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Death", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42005", "qid": "Q42005", "description": "1346–1353 pandemic in Eurasia and North Africa", "entries": 22, "years": 17, "span": [1331, 1649], "span_label": ["1331 CE", "1649 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 14}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 2}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 2}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 2}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "edinburgh", "label": "Edinburgh", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-england", "label": "Kingdom of England", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "october", "label": "October", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "crimea", "label": "Crimea", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "china", "label": "China", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "henan", "label": "Henan", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "london", "label": "London", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "english-channel", "label": "English Channel", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "gascony", "label": "Gascony", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "republic-of-venice", "label": "Republic of Venice", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "sicily", "label": "Sicily", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "messina", "label": "Messina", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1331, "year_label": "1331 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "The first recorded outbreak of the Black Death occurs, in the Chinese province of Hebei.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365430641#Date_unknown", "title": "1331", "revid": 1365430641, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1335, "year_label": "1335 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "December 1", "text": "December 1 – Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan dies, a victim of the plague that ravages the Ilkhanate. This is an early outbreak of the Black Death. His death without a clear heir causes the Ilkhanate to disintegrate.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267067892#January–December", "title": "1335", "revid": 1267067892, "section": "Events › January–December"}}, {"year": 1338, "year_label": "1338 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "A Black Death plague strain originates near Lake Issyk-Kul in modern Kyrgyzstan, according to Syriac tombstone inscriptions and genetic material from exhumed bodies.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360556849#Date_unknown", "title": "1338", "revid": 1360556849, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1346, "year_label": "1346 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "Spring – A severe Bubonic Plague epidemic begins in the Crimea, marking the first major epidemic of the Black Death.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350441074#Events", "title": "1346", "revid": 1350441074, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1346, "year_label": "1346 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "October", "text": "October–November – Several Mongol towns in the Crimea are cleared of inhabitants by the Black Death.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350441074#Events", "title": "1346", "revid": 1350441074, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1347, "year_label": "1347 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "Genoese ships fleeing the 1331 Black Death plague in Theodosia stop in Constantinople, contaminating the city.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1289406739#January–December", "title": "1347", "revid": 1289406739, "section": "Events › January–December"}}, {"year": 1347, "year_label": "1347 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "October", "text": "October – Ships arrive in the Sicilian city of Messina, carrying people afflicted by the Black Death onboard.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1289406739#January–December", "title": "1347", "revid": 1289406739, "section": "Events › January–December"}}, {"year": 1348, "year_label": "1348 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "By June 24 – The Black Death pandemic reaches England, having probably been brought across the English Channel by fleas on rats aboard a ship from Gascony to the south coast port of Melcombe (modern-day Weymouth, Dorset); by November it will have reached London and by 1350 will have killed one third to a half of its population.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1320392432#January–December", "title": "1348", "revid": 1320392432, "section": "Events › January–December"}}, {"year": 1348, "year_label": "1348 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "The Black Death pandemic spreads to central and western Europe and to Cairo.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1320392432#Date_unknown", "title": "1348", "revid": 1320392432, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1348, "year_label": "1348 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "January 25", "text": "January 25 – The 6.9-magnitude 1348 Friuli earthquake centered in Northern Italy is felt across Europe. Contemporary minds link the quake with the Black Death, fueling fears that the Biblical Apocalypse has arrived.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1320392432#January–December", "title": "1348", "revid": 1320392432, "section": "Events › January–December"}}, {"year": 1349, "year_label": "1349 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 14", "text": "February 14 – Jewish persecutions during the Black Death: Strasbourg massacre – Because they are believed by the residents to be the cause of the Black Death, roughly 2,000 Jews are burned to death.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373507442#January–December", "title": "1349", "revid": 1373507442, "section": "Events › January–December"}}, {"year": 1350, "year_label": "1350 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "The Black Death first appears in Scotland and Sweden.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358971362#Date_unknown", "title": "1350", "revid": 1358971362, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1351, "year_label": "1351 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "The Statute of Labourers deals with a labour shortage caused by the Black Death.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1275601006#January–December", "title": "1351", "revid": 1275601006, "section": "Events › January–December"}}, {"year": 1353, "year_label": "1353 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Black Death (1331) subsides.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1294629981#Date_unknown", "title": "1353", "revid": 1294629981, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1403, "year_label": "1403 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "The world's first quarantine station, the Lazzaretto Vecchio, is built in Venice, to protect against the Black Death.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371593649#Date_unknown", "title": "1403", "revid": 1371593649, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1412, "year_label": "1412 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "The Black Death sweeps England for a final time, in a 60-year period.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357537157#Date_unknown", "title": "1412", "revid": 1357537157, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1539, "year_label": "1539 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "In Henan province, China, a severe drought with swarms of locusts is made worse, by a major epidemic outbreak of the plague.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366494992#Undated", "title": "1539", "revid": 1366494992, "section": "Events › Undated"}}, {"year": 1596, "year_label": "1596 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": null, "text": "The Black Death hits parts of Europe.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369722581#Date_unknown", "title": "1596", "revid": 1369722581, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1644, "year_label": "1644 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "December", "text": "December – Bubonic plague breaks out in Edinburgh (Scotland).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369560996#October–December", "title": "1644", "revid": 1369560996, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1645, "year_label": "1645 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "April 10", "text": "April 10 – Because of the plague, the Edinburgh town council orders that the college graduation ceremony should be moved forward, so that students can leave the city (on November 19, teaching resumes in Linlithgow).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370309626#April–June", "title": "1645", "revid": 1370309626, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1645, "year_label": "1645 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "March 31", "text": "March 31 – Fearing the spread of the Black Death (plague), Edinburgh Town Council prohibits all gatherings except weddings and funerals.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370309626#January–March", "title": "1645", "revid": 1370309626, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1649, "year_label": "1649 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "August 8", "text": "August 8 – Dubhaltach Mac Fhirbhisigh completes Book VIII of Leabhar na nGenealach, in Galway, within days of an outbreak of the plague.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367892628#July–September", "title": "1649", "revid": 1367892628, "section": "Events › July–September"}}]}