{"slug": "british-east-india-company", "label": "British East India Company", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_East_India_Company", "wikidata": null, "qid": null, "description": null, "entries": 32, "years": 29, "span": [1617, 1857], "span_label": ["1617 CE", "1857 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 11}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 9}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 4}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 4}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 2}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 2}], "related": [{"slug": "india", "label": "India", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "maratha-confederacy", "label": "Maratha Confederacy", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "bangladesh", "label": "Bangladesh", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "calcutta", "label": "Calcutta", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "maratha-empire", "label": "Maratha Empire", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "mughal-empire", "label": "Mughal Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "jahangir", "label": "Jahangir", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "east-india-company", "label": "East India Company", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "bay-of-bengal", "label": "Bay of Bengal", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "march", "label": "March", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "dutch-east-india-company", "label": "Dutch East India Company", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "queen-victoria", "label": "Queen Victoria", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1617, "year_label": "1617 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "December 15", "text": "December 15 – Sir Thomas Roe, a representative of England's East India Company, arrives in Ahmedabad at India's Mughal Empire, and seeks an audience with the Emperor, Shah Jahan. The Emperor receives Roe in an audience three weeks later, on January 6.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367152520#October–December", "title": "1617", "revid": 1367152520, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1618, "year_label": "1618 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "January 6", "text": "January 6 – Jahangir, ruler of the Mughal Empire in northern India, gives an audience for the first time to a representative of the British East India Company, receiving Sir Thomas Roe at the capital at Ahmedabad.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365216026#January–March", "title": "1618", "revid": 1365216026, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1623, "year_label": "1623 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 9", "text": "March 9 – Amboyna massacre: Ten English merchants in the service of the British East India Company, together with nine Japanese and one Portuguese, are executed by agents of the Dutch East India Company in Ambon, Maluku (Amboyna).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366655899#January–March", "title": "1623", "revid": 1366655899, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1643, "year_label": "1643 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "December 25", "text": "December 25 – Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean is sighted and named by Captain William Mynors of the British East India Company ship Royal Mary.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340617365#October–December", "title": "1643", "revid": 1340617365, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1668, "year_label": "1668 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 21", "text": "September 21 – The British East India Company takes over Bombay under a Royal Charter of March 27.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365989896#July–September", "title": "1668", "revid": 1365989896, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1684, "year_label": "1684 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The British East India Company receives Chinese permission to build a trading station at Canton. Tea sells in Europe for less than a shilling a pound, but the import duty of 5 shillings makes it too expensive for most English people to afford; hence smuggled tea is drunk much more than legally imported tea.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366005630#Date_unknown", "title": "1684", "revid": 1366005630, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1692, "year_label": "1692 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "December 5", "text": "December 5 – John Goldsborough arrives in Madras as the new administrator of the British East India Company.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365636017#October–December", "title": "1692", "revid": 1365636017, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1698, "year_label": "1698 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "September 5", "text": "September 5 – A charter is granted by King William III of England to the new East India Company of England, called \"the New Company\" or \"the English Company\" to break the monopoly that has existed in India since 1689 with the existing British East India Company.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370144847#July–September", "title": "1698", "revid": 1370144847, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1715, "year_label": "1715 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "October 11", "text": "October 11 – William Aislabie resigns as the British East India Company's administrator of Bombay and the company's territories and is replaced at year's end by Charles Boone.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355668843#October–December", "title": "1715", "revid": 1355668843, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1725, "year_label": "1725 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 15", "text": "January 15 – James Macrae, a former captain of a freighter for the British East India Company, is hired by the Company to administer the Madras Presidency (at this time, the \"Presidency of Fort St. George\"), and begins major reforms. The area administered is most of Southern India, including what is now the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, parts the states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka, Telangana, Odisha and the union territory of Lakshadweep.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361335962#January–March", "title": "1725", "revid": 1361335962, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1728, "year_label": "1728 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 18", "text": "September 18 – John Deane, a colonial administrator of Britain's British East India Company, returns to Calcutta (Kolkata) after an absence of more than two years, and takes office at Fort William to return to administering the Bengal Presidency, an area now covering the Indian state of West Bengal and the nation of Bangladesh.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363462071#July–September", "title": "1728", "revid": 1363462071, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1739, "year_label": "1739 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 12", "text": "July 12 – The British East India Company signs a treaty with the Maratha Empire to gain the right of free trade within the territory.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340647395#July–September", "title": "1739", "revid": 1340647395, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1743, "year_label": "1743 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "April 13", "text": "April 13 – The British East India Company ship Princess Louisa is wrecked off the coast of Maio Island in the Cape Verde Islands, killing 49 of her 179 crew.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360887949#April–June", "title": "1743", "revid": 1360887949, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1751, "year_label": "1751 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 3", "text": "December 3 – Battle of Arnee in India (Second Carnatic War): A British East India Company–led force under Robert Clive defeats and routs a much larger Franco-Indian army, under the command of Raza Sahib, at Arni.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351037611#October–December", "title": "1751", "revid": 1351037611, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1762, "year_label": "1762 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 24", "text": "September 24–October 6 – Battle of Manila: Troops of the British East India Company take Manila from the Spanish, leading to the British occupation of Manila and its being made an open port.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340806393#July–September", "title": "1762", "revid": 1340806393, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1763, "year_label": "1763 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "July 7", "text": "July 7 – The British East India Company declares Mir Qasim, the Nawab of Bengal, to be deposed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360202149#July–September", "title": "1763", "revid": 1360202149, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1764, "year_label": "1764 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 22", "text": "October 22 – Battle of Buxar: The British East India Company defeats the combined armies of Mir Qasim, the Nawab of Bengal, the Nawab of Awadh, and Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363539304#October–December", "title": "1764", "revid": 1363539304, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1765, "year_label": "1765 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 29", "text": "January 29 – One week before his death, Mir Jafar, who had been enthroned as the Nawab of Bengal and ruler of the Bengali people with the support and protection of the British East India Company, abdicates in favor of his 18-year-old son, Najmuddin Ali Khan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373039097#January–March", "title": "1765", "revid": 1373039097, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1772, "year_label": "1772 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "April 13", "text": "April 13 – Warren Hastings begins his service for the British East India Company as Governor of Bengal, arriving at the company's headquarters at Fort William, outside of Calcutta, and including what are now parts of northeast India and Bangladesh. Hastings serves for two years, then later becomes Governor-General of India.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362979438#April–June", "title": "1772", "revid": 1362979438, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1773, "year_label": "1773 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 27", "text": "April 27 – The Parliament of Great Britain passes the Tea Act (coming into force on May 10), designed to save the British East India Company by granting it a monopoly on the North American tea trade.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365114710#April–June", "title": "1773", "revid": 1365114710, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1775, "year_label": "1775 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "February 26", "text": "February 26 – The British East India Company factory on Balambangan Island is destroyed by Moro pirates.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365589248#January–June", "title": "1775", "revid": 1365589248, "section": "Events › January–June"}}, {"year": 1776, "year_label": "1776 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 1", "text": "March 1 – The Peshwa of the Maratha Empire and the British East India Company sign the Treaty of Purandar in which the British are able to secure Salsette Island and accept Sawai Madhavrao as a new Peshwa. The Marathas agree not to recognise existence of the French in India.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365773863#March–April", "title": "1776", "revid": 1365773863, "section": "Events › March–April"}}, {"year": 1786, "year_label": "1786 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August 11", "text": "August 11 – Captain Francis Light acquires the island of Penang from the Sultan of Kedah on behalf of the British East India Company, renaming it Prince of Wales Island in honour of the heir to the British throne, and establishing the settlement of George Town. This is the first colony of the British Empire in Southeast Asia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370552329#July–September", "title": "1786", "revid": 1370552329, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1803, "year_label": "1803 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 14", "text": "October 14 – Orissa, an area of India along the Bay of Bengal that comprises the modern-day Indian state of Odisha, is occupied by the British under the British East India Company, after the Second Anglo-Maratha War. The Maratha Empire formally cedes the area in the Treaty of Deogaon, signed on December 17.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373209562#October–December", "title": "1803", "revid": 1373209562, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1809, "year_label": "1809 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "British recruits to the British East India Company (and subsequently to the Indian Civil Service) are required to learn at least one Indian language fluently.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349276571#Date_unknown", "title": "1809", "revid": 1349276571, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1818, "year_label": "1818 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 1", "text": "January 1 – Battle of Koregaon: Troops of the British East India Company score a decisive victory over the Maratha Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373165947#January–March", "title": "1818", "revid": 1373165947, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1818, "year_label": "1818 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 6", "text": "January 6 – The Treaty of Mandeswar brings an end to the Third Anglo-Maratha War, ending the dominance of Marathas, and enhancing the power of the British East India Company, which controls territory occupied by 180 million Indians.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373165947#January–March", "title": "1818", "revid": 1373165947, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1818, "year_label": "1818 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 3", "text": "June 3 – Baji Rao II, Peshwa of the Maratha Confederacy, surrenders to Sir John Malcolm of the British East India Company, bringing an end to the Third Anglo-Maratha War and giving the company control of almost all of modern-day India.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373165947#April–June", "title": "1818", "revid": 1373165947, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1846, "year_label": "1846 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 9", "text": "March 9 – The First Anglo-Sikh war ends with the signing of the Treaty of Lahore. Kashmir is ceded to the British East India Company, and the Koh-i-Noor diamond is surrendered to Queen Victoria.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368342482#January–March", "title": "1846", "revid": 1368342482, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1854, "year_label": "1854 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "March", "text": "March – The British East India Company annexes Jhansi State in India under the doctrine of lapse.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362496011#January–March", "title": "1854", "revid": 1362496011, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1857, "year_label": "1857 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 8", "text": "April 8 – Mangal Pandey is hanged for mutiny against the British East India Company army; the execution is a precursor event to the Indian Rebellion of 1857.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366379985#April–June", "title": "1857", "revid": 1366379985, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1857, "year_label": "1857 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 10", "text": "May 10 – Indian Rebellion of 1857: The 3rd Light Cavalry of the British East India Company's army rebels against its British officers, thus beginning the rebellion.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366379985#April–June", "title": "1857", "revid": 1366379985, "section": "Events › April–June"}}]}