{"slug": "bruges", "label": "Bruges", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruges", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12994", "qid": "Q12994", "description": "city in West Flanders, Belgium", "entries": 17, "years": 15, "span": [1037, 1578], "span_label": ["1037 CE", "1578 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 7}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 3}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 1}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "county-of-flanders", "label": "County of Flanders", "shared": 7}, {"slug": "belgium", "label": "Belgium", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "france-in-the-middle-ages", "label": "France in the Middle Ages", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "louis-vi-of-france", "label": "Louis VI of France", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "ghent", "label": "Ghent", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-england", "label": "Kingdom of England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "republic-of-venice", "label": "Republic of Venice", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "holy-roman-empire", "label": "Holy Roman Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "paris", "label": "Paris", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "republic-of-genoa", "label": "Republic of Genoa", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "levant", "label": "Levant", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "henry-of-flanders", "label": "Henry of Flanders", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1037, "year_label": "1037 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "King Harold I seizes the throne of England from his half-brother Harthacnut. His mother, Emma of Normandy, flees to Bruges in Flanders (modern Belgium).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342215302#England", "title": "1037", "revid": 1342215302, "section": "Events › By place › England"}}, {"year": 1127, "year_label": "1127 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "March 2", "text": "March 2 – Charles the Good, count of Flanders, is murdered by a band of knights while praying in church; he leaves no children. King Louis VI of France appoints William Clito (son of Robert Curthose) as new ruler. But the Flemish towns of Bruges, Ghent, Saint-Omer and Ypres recognize (with English financial support) Thierry of Alsace as rival count.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1348045996#Europe", "title": "1127", "revid": 1348045996, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1128, "year_label": "1128 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "July 27", "text": "July 27 – The city of Bruges in Flanders (modern Belgium) receives its city charter as well new walls, and canals are built.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1348046025#Europe", "title": "1128", "revid": 1348046025, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1128, "year_label": "1128 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 28", "text": "July 28 – William Clito dies as a result of a wound received at the siege of Aalst a fortnight earlier, leaving Thierry as sole claimant to the County of Flanders. He sets up his seat of government at Bruges and King Louis VI (\"the Fat\") of France agrees to his accession.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1348046025#Europe", "title": "1128", "revid": 1348046025, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1200, "year_label": "1200 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Spring – Boniface I, Marquis of Montferrat, sends envoys to Venice, Genoa and other city-states to negotiate a contract for transport to the Levant. Meanwhile, Boniface and various nobles are mustering an expeditionary army (mainly forces from France and the Holy Roman Empire) at Paris. On February 23, Baldwin IX, count of Flanders and his brother Henry of Flanders take the cross at Bruges (modern Belgium), and agree to take part in the Fourth Crusade called by Pope Innocent III (see 1199).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354902191#Europe", "title": "1200", "revid": 1354902191, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1282, "year_label": "1282 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": null, "text": "First evidence of the existence of consolidated public debt in Bruges, confirming the expansion of use of annuities, to fund government expenditure to the Low Countries.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359685493#Markets", "title": "1282", "revid": 1359685493, "section": "Events › By topic › Markets"}}, {"year": 1303, "year_label": "1303 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 4", "text": "April 4 – Battle of Arques: Flemish forces (some 10,000 men) led by William of Jülich (\"the Younger\") defeats a French army at Arques in Flanders. During the battle, the French cavalry (1,600 men) tries to break the Flemish infantry militia formations, but to no avail. Finally, the French withdraw to Saint-Omer, leaving 300 dead behind. Later, William receives a warm reception in Bruges as a liberator in May.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360891664#April–June", "title": "1303", "revid": 1360891664, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1323, "year_label": "1323 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November", "text": "November – Flemish Revolt: A uprising in Flanders is caused by both excessive taxation levied by Louis I, and by his pro-French policies. The revolt is led by landowning farmers under Nicolaas Zannekin. Members of the local gentry join and William Deken, mayor of Bruges, becomes the leader of the revolt.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332018212#October_–_December", "title": "1323", "revid": 1332018212, "section": "Events › October – December"}}, {"year": 1346, "year_label": "1346 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 24", "text": "June 24 – The leaders of Ghent, Bruges and Ypres agree to support Edward III.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350441074#Events", "title": "1346", "revid": 1350441074, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1437, "year_label": "1437 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 21", "text": "May 21 – During a visit by Phillip III of Burgundy, who still controls parts of France while his war against King Charles VI continues, rebels in the city of Bruges take over and lynch his representative, Marshal Jean de Villiers de L'Isle-Adam, while Philip himself narrowly escapes capture.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358546204#April–June", "title": "1437", "revid": 1358546204, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1464, "year_label": "1464 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 6", "text": "January 6 – The first assembly ever of the States General of the Netherlands is held as representatives from at least 17 provinces of the Burgundian Netherlands gather at Bruges. At least 81 delegates come from the clergy, nobility and general public from the Duchy of Brabant, the County of Flanders, Lille, Douai and Orchies, the County of Artois, the County of Hainaut, the County of Holland, the County of Zeeland, the County of Namur, the Lordship of Mechelen, and the Boulonnais, all with the reluctant assent of Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367795127#January–March", "title": "1464", "revid": 1367795127, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1464, "year_label": "1464 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "October 5", "text": "October 5 – An intelligence report sent by a Venetian agent in Bruges to the Seignory of Venice reports that the death rate in London from the plague has reached 200 people per day, only nine days after the first case was discovered.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367795127#October–December", "title": "1464", "revid": 1367795127, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1473, "year_label": "1473 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Possible date – Recuyell of the Historyes of Troye is the first book to be printed in English, by William Caxton, in Bruges.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361813739#Date_unknown", "title": "1473", "revid": 1361813739, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1475, "year_label": "1475 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Recuyell of the Historyes of Troye is the first book to be printed in English, by William Caxton in Bruges (or 1473–74?).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369334832#Date_unknown", "title": "1475", "revid": 1369334832, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1477, "year_label": "1477 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 26", "text": "March 26 – Two months after the death in battle of the Duke of Burgundy, an uprising and rioting take place in Bruges, and 15 local officials, including former mayor Anselm Adornes, are arrested by Burgundian troops, though they are later released without being charged.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330635656#January–March", "title": "1477", "revid": 1330635656, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1484, "year_label": "1484 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Maximilian I, Duke of Burgundy, orders foreign merchants to leave Bruges. Most merchants move to Antwerp, greatly contributing to its growth as an international trading center.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1346941150#Date_unknown", "title": "1484", "revid": 1346941150, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1578, "year_label": "1578 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 20", "text": "March 20 – The Belgian city of Bruges, controlled by Spain, falls to Dutch rebels.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1356931160#January–March", "title": "1578", "revid": 1356931160, "section": "Events › January–March"}}]}