{"slug": "bulgarians", "label": "Bulgarians", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarians", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133255", "qid": "Q133255", "description": "South Slavic ethnic group", "entries": 8, "years": 8, "span": [680, 1872], "span_label": ["680 CE", "1872 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 5}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Births", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "first-bulgarian-empire", "label": "First Bulgarian Empire", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "khan-title", "label": "Khan (title)", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "tervel-of-bulgaria", "label": "Tervel of Bulgaria", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "macedonia-region", "label": "Macedonia (region)", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "constantine-v", "label": "Constantine V", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "bulgaria", "label": "Bulgaria", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "siege", "label": "Siege", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "balkan-mountains", "label": "Balkan Mountains", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "byzantinebulgarian-wars", "label": "Byzantine–Bulgarian wars", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "constantine-iv", "label": "Constantine IV", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "dobruja", "label": "Dobruja", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "wallachia", "label": "Wallachia", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 680, "year_label": "680 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Byzantine–Bulgarian War: The Bulgars under Asparukh subjugate the country of current-day Bulgaria, north of the Balkan Mountains. Emperor Constantine IV leads a combined land and sea operation against the invaders and besieges their fortified camp in Dobruja.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1331672551#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "680", "revid": 1331672551, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 701, "year_label": "701 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Asparuh, founder of the First Bulgarian Empire, dies after a 20-year reign. He is succeeded by his son Tervel, who becomes ruler (khan) of the Bulgarians.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340806807#Balkans", "title": "701", "revid": 1340806807, "section": "Events › By place › Balkans"}}, {"year": 774, "year_label": "774 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Battle of Berzitia: The Bulgarian ruler (khagan) Telerig sends a small raiding army (12,000 men) to strike into the southwest of Macedonia, and capture Berzitia. Emperor Constantine V is informed about this raid by his spies in Pliska, and assembles an enormous force (80,000 men). He surprises the Bulgarians, who did not expect to find a Byzantine army there, and defeats them decisively. The Bulgars suffer heavy losses.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848019#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "774", "revid": 1340848019, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 870, "year_label": "870 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "February 28", "text": "February 28 – The Fourth Council of Constantinople ends. The Bulgarians are granted an autocephalous archbishopric. with its seat in the capital of Pliska.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341129562#Religion", "title": "870", "revid": 1341129562, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1185, "year_label": "1185 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Uprising of Asen and Peter: Peter and Ivan Asen lead a revolt of the Vlachs and Bulgars against the Byzantine Empire, eventually establishing the Second Bulgarian Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362484284#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "1185", "revid": 1362484284, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 1190, "year_label": "1190 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Battle of Tryavna: Byzantine forces under Isaac II are ambushed and defeated by the Bulgarians in a mountain pass, near Tryavna. In panic, the Byzantines break up and begin a disorganized retreat. Isaac barely escapes, his Varangian Guard has to cut a path through their own soldiers, enabling their emperor's flight from the rout. The Bulgarians capture the imperial treasure, including the golden helmet of Isaac, his crown, and the Imperial Cross which contains a wooden piece of the Holy Cross.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368650742#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "1190", "revid": 1368650742, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 1395, "year_label": "1395 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 17", "text": "May 17 – Battle of Rovine: With the help of the Hungarians, Wallachia resists an invasion by the Ottomans and their Serb and Bulgarian vassals. But Mircea I of Wallachia has to temporarily flee to Transylvania, and Vlad I Uzurpatorul is placed on the throne by the Ottomans.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366019527#April–June", "title": "1395", "revid": 1366019527, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1872, "year_label": "1872 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "January 23", "text": "January 23 – Gotse Delchev, Bulgarian revolutionary (d. 1903)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371307490#January–March", "title": "1872", "revid": 1371307490, "section": "Births › January–March"}}]}