{"slug": "cape-of-good-hope", "label": "Cape of Good Hope", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_of_Good_Hope", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4092", "qid": "Q4092", "description": "headland of Cape Peninsula, South Africa", "entries": 20, "years": 19, "span": [1486, 1991], "span_label": ["1486 CE", "1991 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 13}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 2}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 2}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 2}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "dutch-east-india-company", "label": "Dutch East India Company", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "south-africa", "label": "South Africa", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "dutch-east-indies", "label": "Dutch East Indies", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "jakarta", "label": "Jakarta", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "paris", "label": "Paris", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "august", "label": "August", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "portugal", "label": "Portugal", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "cape-town", "label": "Cape Town", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "william-iii-of-england", "label": "William III of England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "portuguese-india", "label": "Portuguese India", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "afonso-de-albuquerque", "label": "Afonso de Albuquerque", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "huguenot", "label": "Huguenot", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1486, "year_label": "1486 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "October 10", "text": "October 10 – King João II of Portugal appoints Bartolomeu Dias to lead an expedition to sail around what will be called the Cape of Good Hope, the southern tip of Africa, in the hope of finding a trade route to India.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369024065#October–December", "title": "1486", "revid": 1369024065, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1487, "year_label": "1487 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "August", "text": "August – Bartolomeu Dias leaves Lisbon, on his voyage to the Cape of Good Hope.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366465965#July–September", "title": "1487", "revid": 1366465965, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1488, "year_label": "1488 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "February 4", "text": "February 4 – Bartolomeu Dias of Portugal lands in Mossel Bay after his ships had been blown off course while sailing southeastward along Africa's coast in search of the Cape of Good Hope. After having turned northward, Dias realizes later that he had actually rounded the Cape and seen it from a distance as his ships were sailing westward to reach his prior position.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368209981#January–March", "title": "1488", "revid": 1368209981, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1488, "year_label": "1488 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "March 12", "text": "March 12 – The Bartolomeu Dias expedition from Portugal arrives at the Cape of Good Hope and the crew of the two expedition ships, São Cristóvão and São Pantaleão, become the first Europeans to set foot at Good Hope. They anchor at the Boesmans River at what is now the South African city of Kwaaihoek. In that the landing took place on the feast day of Saint Gregory, the Portuguese sailors erect the Padrão de São Gregório, a stone pillar and cross, to mark their arrival.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368209981#January–March", "title": "1488", "revid": 1368209981, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1497, "year_label": "1497 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "November 22", "text": "November 22 – The Vasco da Gama expedition discovers the first sea route from Europe to India as he and his crew, on four ships, round the Cape of Good Hope.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372862240#October–December", "title": "1497", "revid": 1372862240, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1500, "year_label": "1500 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "May 29", "text": "May 29 – Traveling eastward from Brazil, Cabral and his fleet run into a storm off of the coast of Africa near the Cape of Good Hope and lose four of their 13 ships. Navigator Bartolomeu Dias is among the persons killed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371377541#April–June", "title": "1500", "revid": 1371377541, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1509, "year_label": "1509 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 4", "text": "November 4 – Afonso de Albuquerque becomes the Viceroy of Portuguese India, replacing Francisco de Almeida, who departs five days later from Diu. Almeida never makes it home, getting killed along with his 64 men in a battle on March 1 with the local Khoekhoe people at South Africa's Cape of Good Hope.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369335853#October–December", "title": "1509", "revid": 1369335853, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1652, "year_label": "1652 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "April 6", "text": "April 6 – Dutch sailor Jan van Riebeeck establishes a resupply camp for the Dutch East India Company at the Cape of Good Hope in modern-day South Africa, thus founding Cape Town.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367149733#April–June", "title": "1652", "revid": 1367149733, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1656, "year_label": "1656 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "April 28", "text": "April 28 – The Dutch East India Company ship Vergulde Draeck, with 193 crew aboard and a valuable cargo is wrecked off Ledge Point, Western Australia, with the loss of 118 members. Another 75 make it to shore, with limited provisions. The ship had been bound from the Cape of Good Hope to Batavia in the Dutch East Indies (now Jakarta in Indonesia).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372048661#April–June", "title": "1656", "revid": 1372048661, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1687, "year_label": "1687 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "December 31", "text": "December 31 – In response to the revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685, a group of Huguenots set sail from France, and settle in the recently established Dutch colony at the Cape of Good Hope, where, using their native skills, they establish the first South African vineyards.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363302904#October–December", "title": "1687", "revid": 1363302904, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1694, "year_label": "1694 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "February 5", "text": "February 5 – The ship Ridderschap van Holland is lost at sea, having departed the Cape of Good Hope with a crew of 300, with a destination of Batavia (modern-day Jakarta in Indonesia), normally a voyage of two months. It never arrives and is never seen again.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353084901#January–March", "title": "1694", "revid": 1353084901, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1698, "year_label": "1698 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 8", "text": "December 8 – King William III of England issues a proclamation of \"our most gracious pardon unto all such pirates in the East Indies, viz., all eastward of the Cape of Good Hope, who shall surrender themselves for piracies or robberies committed by them upon sea or land\" before April 30, 1699, to Captain Thomas Warren, but specifically \"excepting Henry Every, alias Bridgman, and William Kidd.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370144847#October–December", "title": "1698", "revid": 1370144847, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1724, "year_label": "1724 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "January 18", "text": "January 18 – The Dutch East India Company cargo ship Fortuyn, on its maiden voyage, departs from the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa after a layover of 16 days following its arrival from the Netherlands. With a crew of 225 commanded by Pieter Westrik, the ship departs for Batavia in the Dutch East Indies and is never seen again.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372325153#January–March", "title": "1724", "revid": 1372325153, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1750, "year_label": "1750 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "August 20", "text": "August 20 – French astronomer Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille, by way of the Foreign Minister, the Marquis de Puisieulx and Netherlands ambassador to Paris Mattheus Lestevenon, sends a letter that ultimately persuades the States-General of the Dutch Republic to allow and partially finance Lacaille's stellar trigonometry mission to the Cape of Good Hope. The expedition departs Lorient on October 21.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349828876#July–September", "title": "1750", "revid": 1349828876, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1805, "year_label": "1805 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "August 31", "text": "August 31 – British Army General David Baird departs from Cork, leading an expedition to capture the Cape of Good Hope. Their ship arrives on January 4.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357161554#July–September", "title": "1805", "revid": 1357161554, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1814, "year_label": "1814 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August 13", "text": "August 13 – The Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814 is signed in London, returning most possessions of the Dutch Empire acquired by the United Kingdom since 1803 to the Netherlands, although Britain retains the Cape of Good Hope and the South American settlements of Demerara, Essequibo and Berbice (later consolidated as British Guiana). In addition, the British cede the island of Banca off the island of Sumatra, in exchange for the settlement of Cochin, India.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360305709#July–September", "title": "1814", "revid": 1360305709, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1834, "year_label": "1834 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "March 14", "text": "March 14 – John Herschel discovers the open cluster of stars now known as NGC 3603, observing from the Cape of Good Hope.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360367111#January–March", "title": "1834", "revid": 1360367111, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1866, "year_label": "1866 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Erasmus Jacobs discovers the 21.25 carat g Eureka Diamond near Hopetown on the banks of the Orange River in the Cape of Good Hope.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368829327#Date_unknown", "title": "1866", "revid": 1368829327, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1933, "year_label": "1933 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "April 11", "text": "April 11 – Aviator Bill Lancaster takes off from Lympne in England, in an attempt to make a speed record to the Cape of Good Hope, but vanishes (his body is not found in the Sahara Desert until 1962).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371108771#April", "title": "1933", "revid": 1371108771, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1991, "year_label": "1991 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "August 4", "text": "August 4 – The cruise liner MTS Oceanos sinks off the coast of South Africa, leading to the rescue of all 571 passengers on board by SAAF helicopters.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371487470#August", "title": "1991", "revid": 1371487470, "section": "Events › August"}}]}