{"slug": "carlisle", "label": "Carlisle", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlisle", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192896", "qid": "Q192896", "description": "city in Cumberland, Cumbria, England", "entries": 8, "years": 8, "span": [1136, 1645], "span_label": ["1136 CE", "1645 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 5}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 1}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "kingdom-of-england", "label": "Kingdom of England", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "david-i-of-scotland", "label": "David I of Scotland", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "empress-matilda", "label": "Empress Matilda", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "flanders", "label": "Flanders", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "stephen-king-of-england", "label": "Stephen, King of England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "newcastle-upon-tyne", "label": "Newcastle upon Tyne", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "henry-i-of-england", "label": "Henry I of England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "yorkshire", "label": "Yorkshire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "lincolnshire", "label": "Lincolnshire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-scotland", "label": "Kingdom of Scotland", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "henry-ii-of-england", "label": "Henry II of England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "gloucester", "label": "Gloucester", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1136, "year_label": "1136 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Spring – King David I of Scotland invades northern England and captures many of the major towns including Carlisle and Newcastle. In response, King Stephen raises an army (with Flemish mercenaries), and marches to Durham. David agrees to negotiate a peace between the two countries.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365584360#Britain", "title": "1136", "revid": 1365584360, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 1138, "year_label": "1138 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 22", "text": "August 22 – Battle of the Standard: King David I of Scotland gives his full support to Matilda (daughter of the late King Henry I), and invades the north of England – travelling as far south as Lincolnshire. The Scottish army (some 15,000 men) is defeated by English forces under Earl William le Gros in Yorkshire. David retreats to Carlisle and reassembles an army.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366421724#Britain", "title": "1138", "revid": 1366421724, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 1149, "year_label": "1149 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "March", "text": "March – The 16-year-old Henry of Anjou, eldest son of Queen Matilda, lands in England in a second attempt to take the English throne from Stephen. He travels up via Salisbury and Gloucester north to Carlisle (Scotland).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369184526#Britain", "title": "1149", "revid": 1369184526, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 1303, "year_label": "1303 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 18", "text": "June 18 – Scottish nobles Edmund Comyn and Simon Fraser lead an invasion from Dumfriesshire in Scotland, crossing the border into England at Cumberland and laying waste to Carlisle and its surrounding area.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360891664#April–June", "title": "1303", "revid": 1360891664, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1306, "year_label": "1306 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "November 3", "text": "November 3 – From Lanercost Prior, King Edward of England summons Parliament to meet in Carlisle, starting on January 20, \"to \"treat of the ordering and settling of the land of Scotland.\"", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354973149#October_–_December", "title": "1306", "revid": 1354973149, "section": "Events › October – December"}}, {"year": 1307, "year_label": "1307 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "February 17", "text": "February 17 – Eight days after their capture at Loch Ryan, Thomas de Brus, and Alexander de Brus, Reginald Crawford are all executed. Thomas and Alexander are taken to Carlisle, where hanged, drawn and quartered.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332007828#January_–_March", "title": "1307", "revid": 1332007828, "section": "Events › January – March"}}, {"year": 1385, "year_label": "1385 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 7", "text": "September 7 – Scottish and French troops unsuccessfully try to besiege the walled city of Carlisle in England, but Sir Henry Percy, nicknamed \"Hotspur\" breaks the siege and the attackers withdraw to Scotland, ending the war between the two kingdoms.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362439687#July–September", "title": "1385", "revid": 1362439687, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1645, "year_label": "1645 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 28", "text": "June 28 – English Civil War: The Royalists lose Carlisle.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370309626#April–June", "title": "1645", "revid": 1370309626, "section": "Events › April–June"}}]}