{"slug": "cartagena-spain", "label": "Cartagena, Spain", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartagena%2C_Spain", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162615", "qid": "Q162615", "description": "municipality in the Region of Murcia, Spain", "entries": 8, "years": 8, "span": [-227, 1899], "span_label": ["228 BCE", "1899 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 4}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "spain", "label": "Spain", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "roman-republic", "label": "Roman Republic", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "carthage", "label": "Carthage", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "numidia", "label": "Numidia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "scipio-africanus", "label": "Scipio Africanus", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "tarragona", "label": "Tarragona", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "hispania", "label": "Hispania", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "justinian-i", "label": "Justinian I", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -227, "year_label": "228 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Hasdrubal makes immediate policy changes, emphasizing the use of diplomatic rather than military methods for expanding Carthaginian Hispania and dealing with Rome. He founds Carthago Nova or New Carthage (modern Cartagena) as his capital city.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1326026286#Carthage", "title": "228 BC", "revid": 1326026286, "section": "Events › By place › Carthage"}}, {"year": -220, "year_label": "221 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Hannibal immediately moves to consolidate Carthage's control of Spain. He marries a Spanish princess, Imilce, then begins to conquer various Spanish tribes. He fights against the Olcades and captures their capital, Althaea; quells the Vaccaei in the northwest; and, making the seaport of Cartagena (Carthago Nova, the capital of Carthaginian Spain) his base, wins a resounding victory over the Carpetani in the region of the Tagus River.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1246108993#Iberian_Peninsula", "title": "221 BC", "revid": 1246108993, "section": "Events › By place › Iberian Peninsula"}}, {"year": -210, "year_label": "211 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Carthaginian general Hasdrubal Barca returns to Spain after his victory over the rebellious Numidians. He then manages to turn the tide against the Romans in Spain, with the Roman generals Publius Cornelius Scipio and his brother Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Calvus killed in separate battles—Publius on the upper Baetis (Guadalquivir) and Gnaeus in the hinterland of Carthago Nova (Cartagena). The Carthaginians recover all their territory south of the Ebro.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1325637763#Carthage", "title": "211 BC", "revid": 1325637763, "section": "Events › By place › Carthage"}}, {"year": -208, "year_label": "209 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "From his headquarters at Tarraco (Tarragona), Publius Cornelius Scipio, the Roman commander in Spain, launches a combined military and naval assault on the Carthaginian headquarters at Carthago Nova (modern-day Cartagena). He successfully besieges and captures the city. In capturing this city, Scipio gains access to copious stores and supplies, Spanish hostages, the local silver mines, a splendid harbour and a base for an advance further south.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1300115697#Roman_Republic", "title": "209 BC", "revid": 1300115697, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": 460, "year_label": "460 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Majorian assembles a large fleet in Nova Carthago (Cartagena) in preparation for an invasion of the Vandal Kingdom in Africa. However, King Genseric organizes an attack on the fleet, using individuals sympathetic to the Vandals to conduct the raid. The fleet is destroyed and the expedition is abandoned.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360598361#Roman_Empire", "title": "460", "revid": 1360598361, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 552, "year_label": "552 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Justinian I dispatches a small Byzantine force (2,000 men) under Liberius to Hispania, according to the historian Jordanes. He conquers Cartagena and other cities on the southeastern coast.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340800166#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "552", "revid": 1340800166, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 1541, "year_label": "1541 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "December 3", "text": "December 3 – The Holy Roman Emperor Charles V is finally able to return to Spain, arriving at Cartagena", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361813253#October–December", "title": "1541", "revid": 1361813253, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1899, "year_label": "1899 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "January 29", "text": "January 29 – A gas explosion kills 14 people in the Spanish city of Cartagena.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371393177#January", "title": "1899", "revid": 1371393177, "section": "Events › January"}}]}