{"slug": "chennai", "label": "Chennai", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chennai", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1352", "qid": "Q1352", "description": "city and state capital of Tamil Nadu, India", "entries": 13, "years": 12, "span": [1523, 1996], "span_label": ["1523 CE", "1996 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 6}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 2}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 2}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 1}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Madras"], "related": [{"slug": "east-india-company", "label": "East India Company", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "india", "label": "India", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "presidencies-and-provinces-of-british-india", "label": "Presidencies and provinces of British India", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "vijayanagara-empire", "label": "Vijayanagara Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "tamil-nadu", "label": "Tamil Nadu", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "maratha-empire", "label": "Maratha Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "aurangzeb", "label": "Aurangzeb", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "war-of-the-austrian-succession", "label": "War of the Austrian Succession", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "louisbourg", "label": "Louisbourg", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1523, "year_label": "1523 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "June 3", "text": "June 3 – Santhome Church is established by Portuguese explorers over the tomb of Saint Thomas the Apostle at Madras (now Chennai) in India.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369561167#April–June", "title": "1523", "revid": 1369561167, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1639, "year_label": "1639 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "August 22", "text": "August 22 – The British East India Company buys a strip of land from King Peda Venkata Raya of the Vijayanagara Empire for the construction of Fort St. George, the first settlement of British India, so founding modern-day Chennai, capital city of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu (celebrated as Madras Day).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360051116#July–September", "title": "1639", "revid": 1360051116, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1664, "year_label": "1664 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "November 6", "text": "November 6 – The oldest hospital in India, the Government General Hospital, is opened at Madras by the English East India Company for the treatment of ill soldiers.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372648278#October–December", "title": "1664", "revid": 1372648278, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1686, "year_label": "1686 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 3", "text": "January 3 – In Madras (now Chennai) in India, local residents employed by the East India Company threaten to boycott their jobs after corporate administrator William Gyfford imposes a house tax on residences within the city walls. Gyfford places security forces at all entrances to the city and threatens to banish anyone who fails to pay their taxes, as well as to confiscate the goods of merchants who refuse to make sales. A compromise is reached the next day on the amount of the taxes.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368502958#January–March", "title": "1686", "revid": 1368502958, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1692, "year_label": "1692 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "December 5", "text": "December 5 – John Goldsborough arrives in Madras as the new administrator of the British East India Company.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365636017#October–December", "title": "1692", "revid": 1365636017, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1692, "year_label": "1692 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 14", "text": "December 14 – Maratha Empire General Santaji Ghorpade defeats Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb's General Alimardan Khan, captures him and brings him back to fort Jinjee near Madras.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365636017#October–December", "title": "1692", "revid": 1365636017, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1746, "year_label": "1746 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 4", "text": "November 4 – Anwaruddin Khan, the Nawab of the Arcot State in South India, is driven back by the Captain Louis Paradis of the French Army after he and 10,000 soldiers attempt to drive the French back out of Madras.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360271173#October–December", "title": "1746", "revid": 1360271173, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1748, "year_label": "1748 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 18", "text": "October 18 – War of the Austrian Succession: The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle is signed to end the war. Great Britain obtains Madras, in India, from France, in exchange for the fortress of Louisbourg in Canada.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361284371#October–December", "title": "1748", "revid": 1361284371, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1758, "year_label": "1758 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 29", "text": "April 29 – Battle of Cuddalore: A British fleet under Sir George Pocock engages the French fleet of Anne Antoine, Comte d'Aché indecisively near Madras.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366206062#April–June", "title": "1758", "revid": 1366206062, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1759, "year_label": "1759 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 16", "text": "February 16 – The Comte de Lally (Thomas Lally) ends the French Army's two-month siege of the British Indian fort at Madras and retreats.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354612770#January–March", "title": "1759", "revid": 1354612770, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1802, "year_label": "1802 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "April 10", "text": "April 10 – The Great Trigonometrical Survey of India begins with the measurement of a baseline near Madras.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341741915#April–June", "title": "1802", "revid": 1341741915, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1914, "year_label": "1914 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 22", "text": "September 22 – German light cruiser SMS Emden bombards Madras, the only Indian city to be attacked by the Central Powers in the War.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373518346#September", "title": "1914", "revid": 1373518346, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1996, "year_label": "1996 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July", "text": "The Indian government officially renames the city of Madras, restoring the name Chennai.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371596794#July", "title": "1996", "revid": 1371596794, "section": "Events › July"}}]}