{"slug": "colonia-roman", "label": "Colonia (Roman)", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colonia_%28Roman%29", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q756780", "qid": "Q756780", "description": "Roman outpost established in conquered territory to secure it", "entries": 9, "years": 9, "span": [-751, 195], "span_label": ["752 BCE", "195 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 4}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 3}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 2}], "also_known_as": ["Roman colony"], "related": [{"slug": "italy", "label": "Italy", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "volsci", "label": "Volsci", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "romanvolscian-wars", "label": "Roman–Volscian wars", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "pisa", "label": "Pisa", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "modena", "label": "Modena", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "parma", "label": "Parma", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "roman-senate", "label": "Roman Senate", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "iberian-peninsula", "label": "Iberian Peninsula", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "hispania", "label": "Hispania", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "syria", "label": "Syria", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "antioch", "label": "Antioch", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "edessa", "label": "Edessa", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -751, "year_label": "752 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "752 BC—Rome's first colonies were established.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368385928#Events_and_trends", "title": "750s BC", "revid": 1368385928, "section": "Events and trends"}}, {"year": -493, "year_label": "494 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The Roman consul Aulus Verginius Tricostus Caeliomontanus defeats the Volsci, and a Roman colony is planted at Velitrae.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362845788#Roman_Republic", "title": "494 BC", "revid": 1362845788, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -491, "year_label": "492 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "War with the Volsci is averted because a pestilence affects the Volsci. Rome sends additional colonists to Velitrae and establishes a new colony in Norba.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172499#Rome", "title": "492 BC", "revid": 1354172499, "section": "Events › By place › Rome"}}, {"year": -182, "year_label": "183 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Roman colonies are established at Mutina (later Modena), Pisa and Parma in northern and central Italy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352698344#Roman_Republic", "title": "183 BC", "revid": 1352698344, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -170, "year_label": "171 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The first Roman colony outside Italy is founded at Carteia in southern Hispania after Iberian-born descendants of Roman soldiers appear before the Roman Senate to request a town to live in and are given Carteia, which is named Colonia Libertinorum Carteia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352698432#Roman_Republic", "title": "171 BC", "revid": 1352698432, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -137, "year_label": "138 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Valencia in Spain is founded as a Roman colony.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361991985#Roman_Empire", "title": "138 BC", "revid": 1361991985, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": -58, "year_label": "59 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The colonia of Florentia, modern Florence, founded.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1327068186#Roman_Republic", "title": "59 BC", "revid": 1327068186, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": 49, "year_label": "49 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "In Britain, governor Publius Ostorius Scapula founds a colonia for Roman veterans at Camulodunum (Colchester). Verulamium (St Albans) is probably established as a municipium the same year. A legion is stationed on the borders of the Silures of South Wales in preparation for invasion.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373289291#AD_49", "title": "40s", "revid": 1373289291, "section": "Timeline › AD 49"}}, {"year": 195, "year_label": "195 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Roman province of Syria is divided and the role of Antioch is diminished. The Romans annex the Syrian cities of Edessa and Nisibis. Severus re-establishes his headquarters and the colonies there.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371314035#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 195", "revid": 1371314035, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}]}