{"slug": "constantine-ix-monomachos", "label": "Constantine IX Monomachos", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantine_IX_Monomachos", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30594", "qid": "Q30594", "description": "Byzantine emperor (1000-1055)", "entries": 8, "years": 7, "span": [1043, 1056], "span_label": ["1043 CE", "1056 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 5}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 2}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "constantinople", "label": "Constantinople", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "byzantine-empire", "label": "Byzantine Empire", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "balkans", "label": "Balkans", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "pechenegs", "label": "Pechenegs", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "turkey", "label": "Turkey", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "edirne", "label": "Edirne", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "zoe-porphyrogenita", "label": "Zoë Porphyrogenita", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "bosporus", "label": "Bosporus", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "thrace-theme", "label": "Thrace (theme)", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "sofia", "label": "Sofia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "greece", "label": "Greece", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "thessaloniki", "label": "Thessaloniki", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1043, "year_label": "1043 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "Spring – Emperor Constantine IX Monomachos sends a Byzantine expeditionary force to the Balkans against the rebellious George Maniakes, governor of the Catepanate of Italy. The two armies meet near Thessaloniki in northern Greece. The rebel army – better organized, seasoned and with superior leadership – is initially successful, but Maniakes is killed by an arrow at the moment of his triumph. After this, his army is routed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365591040#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "1043", "revid": 1365591040, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 1047, "year_label": "1047 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 25", "text": "September 25–28 – Rebel general Leo Tornikios (a nephew of Emperor Constantine IX) proclaims himself emperor at Adrianople, and besieges Constantinople. Byzantine troops personally led by Constantine repel him, and re-occupy the walls. Tornikios is forced to withdraw, while his followers start to abandon him. Finally, he is captured at a church in Boulgarophygon (modern Turkey), and is publicly blinded.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368550348#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "1047", "revid": 1368550348, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 1048, "year_label": "1048 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Winter – Emperor Constantine IX sends an embassy with gifts and a ransom, to release Liparit IV to Tughril. However, the sultan sets Liparit free, on the condition that he will never again fight the Seljuks.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350129783#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "1048", "revid": 1350129783, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 1049, "year_label": "1049 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Spring – Pecheneg Revolt: Emperor Constantine IX decides to transfer 15,000 Pecheneg warriors from their positions in the Balkans to the eastern front. Upon approaching the Bosporus, the Pechenegs decide to turn back, and march through Bulgaria, until they reach the Byzantine city of Serdia. Later, joined by followers, the Pecheneg tribes raise the banner of revolt in Thrace.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350129777#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "1049", "revid": 1350129777, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 1053, "year_label": "1053 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "End of the Pecheneg Revolt: Emperor Constantine IX Monomachos makes peace with the Pechenegs. However, Pecheneg raids do not cease; they not only damage the economy by plundering, but Constantine is also forced to buy protection or peace from them by gifts, land grants, privileges and titles.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350130055#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "1053", "revid": 1350130055, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 1055, "year_label": "1055 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 11", "text": "January 11 – Constantine IX, Byzantine emperor", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1301978694#Deaths", "title": "1055", "revid": 1301978694, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1055, "year_label": "1055 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 11", "text": "January 11 – Emperor Constantine IX Monomachos dies after a 12½-year reign at Constantinople. He is succeeded by Theodora (a sister of the former Empress Zoë), who is proclaimed by the imperial guard (with strong opposition from the council) as empress of the Byzantine Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1301978694#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "1055", "revid": 1301978694, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 1056, "year_label": "1056 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Theodosius, a nephew of the former Emperor Constantine IX, tries to usurp the Byzantine throne, and liberates all the prisoners who flock to his banner. With their support, he marches through the streets of Constantinople to the Palace. There, the Varangian Guard forms outside to stop him. Theodosius loses heart and heads for Hagia Sophia. Later he is captured, and exiled to Pergamon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365382431#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "1056", "revid": 1365382431, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}]}