{"slug": "corsica", "label": "Corsica", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corsica", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14112", "qid": "Q14112", "description": "French single territorial collectivity and island in the Mediterranean Sea", "entries": 38, "years": 37, "span": [-254, 1992], "span_label": ["255 BCE", "1992 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 10}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 10}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 8}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 5}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 3}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 1}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "sardinia", "label": "Sardinia", "shared": 12}, {"slug": "sicily", "label": "Sicily", "shared": 7}, {"slug": "republic-of-genoa", "label": "Republic of Genoa", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "republic-of-pisa", "label": "Republic of Pisa", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "tuscany", "label": "Tuscany", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "byzantine-empire", "label": "Byzantine Empire", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "balearic-islands", "label": "Balearic Islands", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "roman-republic", "label": "Roman Republic", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "liguria", "label": "Liguria", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "africa-roman-province", "label": "Africa (Roman province)", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "genoa", "label": "Genoa", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "rome", "label": "Rome", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -254, "year_label": "255 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Battle of Adis (or Adys) is fought near the city of that name, 40 mi km southeast of Carthage, between Carthaginian forces and a Roman army led by Marcus Atilius Regulus. The Romans inflict a crushing defeat upon the Carthaginians, and the latter then sue for peace. The ensuing negotiations between the parties lead to Regulus demanding Carthage agree to an unconditional surrender, cede Sicily, Corsica and Sardinia to Rome, renounce the use of their navy, pay an indemnity, and sign a vassal-like treaty. These terms are so harsh that the people of Carthage resolve to keep fighting.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340601033#Roman_Republic", "title": "255 BC", "revid": 1340601033, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -237, "year_label": "238 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Rome captures Corsica and Sardinia", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342094383#Rome", "title": "238 BC", "revid": 1342094383, "section": "Events › By place › Rome"}}, {"year": -233, "year_label": "234 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Corsica, Sardinia and Liguria rebel unsuccessfully against Rome.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1218450136#Roman_Republic", "title": "234 BC", "revid": 1218450136, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -226, "year_label": "227 BCE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Sardinia and Corsica are made a combined province. Rome appoints, and in the future annually elects, two praetors (with autocratic consular powers) for this province and for Sicily.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1288758207#Roman_Republic", "title": "227 BC", "revid": 1288758207, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -39, "year_label": "40 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Sextus Pompey dispatches Menas with four legions and captures Sardinia, driving out Octavian's governor Marcus Lurius. He seizes the capital, Caralis and occupies Corsica. Sextus besieges Cosenza in Bruttium and Thurii in Lucania, ravaging the territory with his cavalry.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267076849#Roman_Republic", "title": "40 BC", "revid": 1267076849, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": 41, "year_label": "41 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Messalina, wife of Claudius, persuades Claudius to have Seneca the Younger banished to Corsica on a charge of adultery with Julia Livilla.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373289291#AD_41", "title": "40s", "revid": 1373289291, "section": "Timeline › AD 41"}}, {"year": 306, "year_label": "306 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 28", "text": "October 28 – Maxentius, son of former Western Emperor Maximian, leads a revolt by the Praetorian Guard and members of the Senate in Rome, and is proclaimed Emperor. Southern Italy supports Maxentius, as do Africa, Corsica, Sardinia and Sicily. Maxentius recalls Maximian from retirement, who joins his son in Rome.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330171617#Roman_Empire", "title": "306", "revid": 1330171617, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 410, "year_label": "410 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": null, "text": "The city of Aléria on the island of Corsica is devastated by a huge fire, destroying its port and most of its inhabitants.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367642022#Europe", "title": "410", "revid": 1367642022, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 456, "year_label": "456 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Avitus sends a Germanic naval expedition under command of Ricimer, to defend Sicily. They defeat the Vandals twice: on land at the Battle of Agrigentum, and in a sea battle off Corsica.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364752999#Roman_Empire", "title": "456", "revid": 1364752999, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 476, "year_label": "476 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Winter – Zeno recognizes the full extent of the Vandal Kingdom, including all of western Africa, the Balearic Islands, Corsica, Sardinia and Sicily. King Gaiseric gives Sicily, with the exception of the city of Lilybaeum, to Odoacer in return for tribute.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355222972#Roman_Empire", "title": "476", "revid": 1355222972, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 484, "year_label": "484 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "February 24", "text": "February 24 – King Huneric passes the Edict of 484, a law banning Catholicism within the Vandal Kingdom. A few weeks later, King Huneric removes Catholic bishops from their offices and banishes some to Corsica. A few are martyred, including former proconsul Victorian along with Frumentius and other merchants. They are killed at Hadrumetum after refusing to become Arians.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364749511#Africa", "title": "484", "revid": 1364749511, "section": "Events › By place › Africa"}}, {"year": 526, "year_label": "526 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Amalasuintha rules the Ostrogothic Kingdom that extends throughout the Italian Peninsula, Dalmatia, Sicily, Sardinia and Corsica.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364754141#Europe", "title": "526", "revid": 1364754141, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 550, "year_label": "550 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Summer – Totila plunders Sicily, after he subdues Corsica and Sardinia. He sends a Gothic fleet to raid the coasts of Greece.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340799644#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "550", "revid": 1340799644, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 724, "year_label": "724 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "A Muslim fleet raids the Byzantine-ruled Balearic Islands, as well as Byzantine Sardinia and Lombard Corsica.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340808653#Arabian_Empire", "title": "724", "revid": 1340808653, "section": "Events › By place › Arabian Empire"}}, {"year": 725, "year_label": "725 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "King Liutprand puts Corsica, nominally under Byzantine authority, under Lombard government, defending it from Muslim raids (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340808658#Europe", "title": "725", "revid": 1340808658, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 774, "year_label": "774 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "King Charlemagne conquers the Lombard Kingdom, and establishes Frankish rule in Pavia, Venetia, Istria, Emilia, Tuscany, and Corsica. Charlemagne visits Rome; he confirms the Donation of Pepin (see 756) while insisting on his own sovereignty. Pope Adrian I grants him the title of patrician. Charlemagne puts down immediate insurrections in Friuli.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848019#Europe", "title": "774", "revid": 1340848019, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 781, "year_label": "781 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Charlemagne defines the Papal territory (see Papal States). He codifies the regions over which the pope would be temporal sovereign: the Duchy of Rome is expanded by Ravenna, the Duchy of the Pentapolis, parts of the Duchy of Benevento, Tuscany, Corsica and Lombardy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848254#Religion", "title": "781", "revid": 1340848254, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 798, "year_label": "798 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "King Charles the Younger, a son of Charlemagne, conquers Corsica and Sardinia (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848766#Europe", "title": "798", "revid": 1340848766, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 935, "year_label": "935 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Summer – Fatimid caliph al-Qa'im dispatches a naval expedition under Ya'qub ibn Ishaq al-Tamimi to raid the coast of Provence and Liguria, sacking Genoa on 16 August and attacking Pisa. Ya'qub also raids Corsica and Sardinia before returning to Mahdia with some 8,000 prisoners.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364468168#Europe", "title": "935", "revid": 1364468168, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1077, "year_label": "1077 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "September 1", "text": "September 1 – Pope Gregory VII appoints Landulf as bishop of Pisa. He makes him permanent legate of the Holy See in Corsica.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1303472978#Religion", "title": "1077", "revid": 1303472978, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1187, "year_label": "1187 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Genoa takes Bonifacio (in Corsica) from Pisa. Pope Gregory VIII reconciles the differences between the states so that both may be used to expedite shipments to the Holy Land.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369187098#Europe", "title": "1187", "revid": 1369187098, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1272, "year_label": "1272 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "November", "text": "November – Charles I orders his officials to take all Genoese prisoner within his territories, except for the Guelphs and to seize their property. The Sicilian fleet occupies Ajaccio on Corsica. Pope Gregory X condemns the aggressive policy of Charles and proposes that the Genoese elect Guelph officials.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362176275#Europe", "title": "1272", "revid": 1362176275, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1297, "year_label": "1297 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Boniface VIII attempts to end the rivalry between Genoa and Pisa over the Tyrrhenian islands of Sardinia and Corsica, naming King James II of Aragon (\"the Just\") as regent of the islands.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359692211#Religion", "title": "1297", "revid": 1359692211, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1299, "year_label": "1299 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 31", "text": "July 31 – Pisa and Genoa agree to a thirty-year truce. Part of the treaty includes the end of the Pisan military support to Genoa's enemies in Corsica.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349939019#Europe", "title": "1299", "revid": 1349939019, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1565, "year_label": "1565 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "October", "text": "October – The first Martello tower, the Tour de Mortella, designed by Giovan Giacomo Paleari Fratino (el Fratin), is completed as part of the Genovese defence system at Mortella (Myrtle) Point, in Upper Corsica.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1323811827#October–December", "title": "1565", "revid": 1323811827, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1583, "year_label": "1583 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The Ottoman fleet crosses into the Western Mediterranean and raids the Italian coastline. In Corsica, the towns of Sartene and Arbellara are sacked (summer).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363312090#Date_unknown", "title": "1583", "revid": 1363312090, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1707, "year_label": "1707 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 14", "text": "September 14 – Vincenzo Durazzo is elected to a 2-year term as the new Doge of the Republic of Genoa (including the island of Corsica), succeeding the outgoing Doge, Domenico Maria De Mari.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1346936133#July–_September", "title": "1707", "revid": 1346936133, "section": "Events › July– September"}}, {"year": 1732, "year_label": "1732 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 13", "text": "May 13 – Rebels in Corsica agree to allow the Republic of Genoa to resume its administration of the island in return for amnesty and promised reforms.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369314491#April–June", "title": "1732", "revid": 1369314491, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1768, "year_label": "1768 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 15", "text": "May 15 – After the Treaty of Versailles, the island of Corsica is ceded by Genoa to France.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369390957#April–June", "title": "1768", "revid": 1369390957, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1794, "year_label": "1794 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 21", "text": "August 21 – British troops capture Corsica following the bombardment by Nelson.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362801189#July–September", "title": "1794", "revid": 1362801189, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1794, "year_label": "1794 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 12", "text": "July 12 – Horatio Nelson loses the sight in his right eye in the British Siege of Calvi in Corsica.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362801189#July–September", "title": "1794", "revid": 1362801189, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1815, "year_label": "1815 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 3", "text": "May 3 – Battle of Tolentino: Austria defeats the Kingdom of Naples, which quickly ends the Neapolitan War. Joachim Murat, the defeated King of Naples, is forced to flee to Corsica, and is later executed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365587765#May", "title": "1815", "revid": 1365587765, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1931, "year_label": "1931 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "November 8", "text": "November 8 – French police launch a large-scale raid against Corsican bandits.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371310518#November", "title": "1931", "revid": 1371310518, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1953, "year_label": "1953 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 20", "text": "August 20 – The French government ousts King Mohammed V of Morocco, and exiles him to Corsica.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371310369#August", "title": "1953", "revid": 1371310369, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1968, "year_label": "1968 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "September 7", "text": "September 7 – The crash of Air France Flight 1611 kills 95 people, including French Army General René Cogny, as the Caravelle jetliner plunges into the Mediterranean Sea following a fire while making its approach to Nice following its departure from the island of Corsica.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371310387#September–October", "title": "1968", "revid": 1371310387, "section": "Events › September–October"}}, {"year": 1975, "year_label": "1975 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "September 15", "text": "September 15 – The French department of Corse, comprising the entire island of Corsica, is divided into two departments: Haute-Corse (Upper Corsica) and Corse-du-Sud (Southern Corsica).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369955775#September", "title": "1975", "revid": 1369955775, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1981, "year_label": "1981 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "December 1", "text": "December 1 – An Inex-Adria Aviopromet McDonnell Douglas MD-80 strikes a mountain peak and crashes while approaching Ajaccio Airport in Corsica, killing all 180 people on board.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369107326#December", "title": "1981", "revid": 1369107326, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1992, "year_label": "1992 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 5", "text": "May 5 – Armand Césari Stadium disaster in Bastia on Corsica: 18 people are killed and 2,300 are injured when one of the terraces collapses before a football match between SC Bastia and Olympique de Marseille.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368521010#May", "title": "1992", "revid": 1368521010, "section": "Events › May"}}]}