{"slug": "dalmatia", "label": "Dalmatia", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalmatia", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q528042", "qid": "Q528042", "description": "historical and cultural Croatian region", "entries": 35, "years": 35, "span": [-154, 1918], "span_label": ["155 BCE", "1918 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 14}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 7}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 6}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 5}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 2}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "republic-of-venice", "label": "Republic of Venice", "shared": 9}, {"slug": "zadar", "label": "Zadar", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "balkans", "label": "Balkans", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "adriatic-sea", "label": "Adriatic Sea", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-croatia-9251102", "label": "Kingdom of Croatia (925–1102)", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "byzantine-empire", "label": "Byzantine Empire", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "venice", "label": "Venice", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "republic-of-ragusa", "label": "Republic of Ragusa", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-hungary", "label": "Kingdom of Hungary", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "andrew-ii-of-hungary", "label": "Andrew II of Hungary", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "croatia", "label": "Croatia", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "sicily", "label": "Sicily", "shared": 2}], "items": [{"year": -154, "year_label": "155 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "As part of the Roman efforts to fully conquer and occupy the whole of Illyria, a Roman army under consul Publius Cornelius Scipio Nasica Corculum attacks the Dalmatians for the first time and conquers the Dalmatian capital of Delminium. As a result, the Dalmatians are compelled to pay tribute to Rome, which puts an end to the first Dalmatian war. In recognition of his victory, Corculum is granted a triumph in Rome.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370594154#Roman_Republic", "title": "155 BC", "revid": 1370594154, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -43, "year_label": "44 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April", "text": "April – Octavian returns from Apollonia in Dalmatia to Rome to take up Caesar's inheritance, against advice from Atia (his mother and Caesar's niece) and consul Antony.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362159803#Roman_Republic", "title": "44 BC", "revid": 1362159803, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": 457, "year_label": "457 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "December 28", "text": "December 28 – Majorian is crowned emperor of the Western Roman Empire and recognized by Pope Leo I. His rule is accepted in Italy, Dalmatia and some territories in Northern Gaul.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367050070#Roman_Empire", "title": "457", "revid": 1367050070, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 474, "year_label": "474 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Glycerius is exiled to Dalmatia (Balkans) and becomes bishop of Salona. Neither the Senate nor the Gallo-Roman aristocracy decide to resist, and Nepos accepts the imperial purple.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360137662#Roman_Empire", "title": "474", "revid": 1360137662, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 475, "year_label": "475 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 28", "text": "August 28 – Magister Militum Orestes takes control of the government in Ravenna, and forces Julius Nepos to flee to Dalmatia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360137651#Roman_Empire", "title": "475", "revid": 1360137651, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 476, "year_label": "476 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Julius Nepos, de jure ruler, becomes legally the last \"Western Roman Emperor\". He governs Dalmatia (Balkans), Morocco, and Northwest Gaul until his death in 480, but has no effective power on the Italian Peninsula.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355222972#Roman_Empire", "title": "476", "revid": 1355222972, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 480, "year_label": "480 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Julius Nepos, former emperor of the Western Roman Empire, dies in exile in Dalmatia (he is murdered by his own soldiers, in his villa, near Salona).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364739995#Balkans", "title": "480", "revid": 1364739995, "section": "Events › By place › Balkans"}}, {"year": 526, "year_label": "526 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Amalasuintha rules the Ostrogothic Kingdom that extends throughout the Italian Peninsula, Dalmatia, Sicily, Sardinia and Corsica.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364754141#Europe", "title": "526", "revid": 1364754141, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 535, "year_label": "535 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Summer – Belisarius lands in Sicily and meets little opposition, save for the Gothic garrison of Palermo. Laying siege to the citadel, he blockades the harbour with his ships. Mundus invades Dalmatia and captures its capital, Salona.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342880383#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "535", "revid": 1342880383, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 536, "year_label": "536 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March", "text": "March – Ostrogothic King Theodahad cedes Provence and upper Alamannia to the Franks, gaining their support in the war. He sends a large Gothic army into Dalmatia. They defeat the Byzantines, Mundus is killed during the fighting at Salona, and the Byzantine army withdraws.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362906459#Europe", "title": "536", "revid": 1362906459, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 595, "year_label": "595 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Balkan Campaign: A Byzantine relief force under Priscus marches up the Danube River along the southern bank to Novae (modern Bulgaria). The fortress city of Singidunum (Belgrade) is plundered by the Avars, and abandoned after the approach of the Byzantines. The Avars retreat and launch a raid against Dalmatia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367658603#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "595", "revid": 1367658603, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 615, "year_label": "615 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Balkans are freely overrun by the Slavs, who settle in large numbers in what is now Bulgaria, Serbia, North Macedonia and parts of Greece. The western territories of modern-day Yugoslavia (Bosnia, Croatia and Dalmatia) suffer raids from the Avars, who settle in this region.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364752554#Europe", "title": "615", "revid": 1364752554, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 810, "year_label": "810 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Spring – The Venetian dukes change sides again, submitting to King Pepin, under the authority of his father Charlemagne, who then proceeds to take Venice. Emperor Nikephoros I sends a Byzantine fleet to Dalmatia, prompting Pepin to withdraw to the mainland. A legate is dispatched to Venice, where he deposes the turncoat dukes, before continuing on to Aachen, to negotiate a peace with Charlemagne. Charlemagne recognises Byzantine dominance over Venice and Dalmatia in the Adriatic Sea.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848812#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "810", "revid": 1340848812, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 821, "year_label": "821 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "February", "text": "February – Duke Borna of Croatia dies after an 11-year reign, as vassal of the Frankish Empire. He is succeeded by his nephew, Vladislav. Emperor Louis I recognizes him as prince of Dalmatia and Liburnia, at the Council of Aachen.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340941313#Europe", "title": "821", "revid": 1340941313, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 925, "year_label": "925 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Tomislav, duke of the Croatian duchies of Pannonia and Dalmatia, is crowned as king of Croatia. He forges an alliance with the Byzantines during the struggle with the Bulgarian Empire (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367671300#Europe", "title": "925", "revid": 1367671300, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1009, "year_label": "1009 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Doge Pietro II Orseolo dies after an 18-year reign in which he has started the expansion of Venetia by conquering the islands of Lastovo and Korčula along the Dalmatian coast. Pietro is succeeded by his 16-year-old son Otto Orseolo as sole ruler of Venice.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341910037#Europe", "title": "1009", "revid": 1341910037, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1059, "year_label": "1059 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Peter Krešimir IV is crowned king of Croatia and Dalmatia. His coronation is recognised by the Byzantine Empire who confirm him as the supreme ruler of the Dalmatian cities, i.e. over the Theme of Dalmatia – excluding the theme of Ragusa and the Duchy of Durazzo.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1271111243#Europe", "title": "1059", "revid": 1271111243, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1081, "year_label": "1081 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "May", "text": "May – A Norman fleet of 150 ships (including 60 horse transports), led by Duke Robert Guiscard, sets off towards the Dalmatian coast. An army of 15,000 men (including about 1,300 Norman knights) sails to the city of Avalona (modern Albania); they are joined by several ships from Ragusa, a republic in the Balkans who are enemies of the Byzantines.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1312347020#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "1081", "revid": 1312347020, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 1089, "year_label": "1089 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "April 20", "text": "April 20 (possible date) – Demetrius Zvonimir, king of Croatia and Dalmatia", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365270667#Deaths", "title": "1089", "revid": 1365270667, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1116, "year_label": "1116 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 15", "text": "July 15 – Ordelafo Faliero, doge of Venice, defeats Hungarian troops under King Stephen II, who have arrived to relieve Zadar; the remaining towns of Dalmatia surrender to Venice.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362168627#Europe", "title": "1116", "revid": 1362168627, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1117, "year_label": "1117 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "King Stephen II of Hungary regains Dalmatia from the Republic of Venice while the Venetians are on a naval expedition. Doge Ordelafo Faliero dies in battle (near Zadar) against the Hungarians. Faliero is succeeded by Domenico Michiel, who reconquers more territory and agrees to a 5-year truce with Hungary.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361694426#Europe", "title": "1117", "revid": 1361694426, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1181, "year_label": "1181 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "King Béla III of Hungary and Croatia goes to war with Venice in an effort to recover Dalmatia. The city of Zadar (located on the Adriatic Sea) accepts Béla's suzerainty.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360570363#Europe", "title": "1181", "revid": 1360570363, "section": "Events › Europe"}}, {"year": 1196, "year_label": "1196 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "April 23", "text": "April 23 – Béla III of Hungary dies after a 23-year reign in which he has supported the former Byzantine emperor Isaac II Angelos against the invading Bulgarians. Having made the Hungarian court one of the most brilliant in Europe and made his hereditary monarchy. Béla is succeeded by his 22-year-old son Emeric as ruler of Hungary, Croatia and Dalmatia (until 1204).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362484493#Europe", "title": "1196", "revid": 1362484493, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1197, "year_label": "1197 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Autumn – A brothers' quarrel breaks out between Emeric, King of Hungary and his younger brother Duke Andrew. After a brief skirmish, Emeric is forced to cede Croatia and Dalmatia to Andrew, who begins to administer the provinces as a de facto sovereign monarch.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371224721#Europe", "title": "1197", "revid": 1371224721, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1202, "year_label": "1202 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 10", "text": "November 10–24 – Siege of Zara: The Crusaders under Boniface of Montferrat besiege and conquer Zara (modern-day Zadar) in Dalmatia. Despite letters from Innocent III forbidding such an action, and threatening excommunication. The leading citizens of Zara hang banners of crosses along the outer walls, professing their Catholic faith. Nevertheless, the Crusaders breach and sack the city, killing many.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369187490#Fourth_Crusade", "title": "1202", "revid": 1369187490, "section": "Events › By place › Fourth Crusade"}}, {"year": 1217, "year_label": "1217 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Summer – Various groups of French knights reach the Italian ports. King Andrew II of Hungary arrives with his army in Split, in Dalmatia. He is joined by German forces, led by Duke Leopold VI (the Glorious). At the end of July, Pope Honorius III orders the crusaders assembled in Italy and Sicily to proceed to Cyprus, but there is no transport provided by the Italian city-states, Venice, Genoa and Pisa.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367488093#Fifth_Crusade", "title": "1217", "revid": 1367488093, "section": "Events › Fifth Crusade"}}, {"year": 1248, "year_label": "1248 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Pope Innocent IV grants the Croatians of southern Dalmatia permission to use their own language and script in the Roman Rite liturgy (see Glagolitic alphabet).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1305121866#Religion", "title": "1248", "revid": 1305121866, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1256, "year_label": "1256 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 30", "text": "30 July – The Venetian Marsilio Zorzi recaptures Curzola in Dalmatia, and re-establishes himself as Count of Curzola and Mèleda.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350995211#Europe", "title": "1256", "revid": 1350995211, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1409, "year_label": "1409 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 9", "text": "July 9 – The Republic of Venice, led by the Doge Michele Steno, gains control of both sides of the Adriatic Sea by purchasing the Dalmatian coast (bordered in modern times by Slovenia and Croatia) from King Ladislaus the Magnanimous, ruler of the Kingdom of Naples for 100,000 ducats, or 350 kilograms of gold.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361998092#July–September", "title": "1409", "revid": 1361998092, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1424, "year_label": "1424 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Dalmatia: Aliota Capenna, lord of Lesina (modern-day Hvar), offers his realm to the Republic of Venice (also said to have occurred in 1409 and 1421).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365656911#Date_unknown", "title": "1424", "revid": 1365656911, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1573, "year_label": "1573 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 7", "text": "March 7 – The Ottoman–Venetian War (1570–1573) is ended by a peace treaty, confirming the transfer of control of Cyprus from the Republic of Venice to the Ottoman Empire, and also confirming Turkish occupation of the more fertile region of Dalmatia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366656331#January–March", "title": "1573", "revid": 1366656331, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1616, "year_label": "1616 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "November 16", "text": "November 16 – Marco Antonio de Dominis, Roman Catholic Archbishop of the See of Spalato and Primate of Dalmatia, having run afoul of Pope Paul V over secular matters relating to Venice, submits to King James I of England and later becomes Dean of Windsor.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366307823#November-December", "title": "1616", "revid": 1366307823, "section": "Events › November-December"}}, {"year": 1687, "year_label": "1687 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 21", "text": "September 21 – Morean War: The navy of the Republic of Venice raids the Dalmatian coast, and attacks Ottoman Turkish strongholds in Greece.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363302904#July–September", "title": "1687", "revid": 1363302904, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1915, "year_label": "1915 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August 16", "text": "August 16 – WWI: The Allies promise the Kingdom of Serbia, should victory be achieved over Austria-Hungary and its allied Central Powers, the territories of Baranja, Srem and Slavonia from the Cisleithanian part of the Dual Monarchy, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and eastern Dalmatia (from the river of Krka to Bar).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373518749#August", "title": "1915", "revid": 1373518749, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1918, "year_label": "1918 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 10", "text": "June 10 – WWI: The Austro-Hungarian dreadnought battleship SMS Szent István is sunk by two Italian MAS motor torpedo boats off the Dalmatian coast.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373520023#June", "title": "1918", "revid": 1373520023, "section": "Events › June"}}]}