{"slug": "danegeld", "label": "Danegeld", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danegeld", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q301742", "qid": "Q301742", "description": "a tax imposed on land to buy off the Danes from the shores of England, and subsequently for other objects", "entries": 16, "years": 16, "span": [852, 1051], "span_label": ["852 CE", "1051 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 12}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 2}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "vikings", "label": "Vikings", "shared": 9}, {"slug": "thelred-the-unready", "label": "Æthelred the Unready", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "seine", "label": "Seine", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "denmark", "label": "Denmark", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-england", "label": "Kingdom of England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "france", "label": "France", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "london", "label": "London", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "mercia", "label": "Mercia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "york", "label": "York", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "nottingham", "label": "Nottingham", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "paris", "label": "Paris", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "east-francia", "label": "East Francia", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 852, "year_label": "852 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Lothair I and his (half) brother Charles the Bald join forces to remove the Vikings from the island of Oscelles, in the River Seine. After this fails, Charles again pays them tribute (Danegeld).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1287194271#Europe", "title": "852", "revid": 1287194271, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 858, "year_label": "858 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Viking raiders, led by Björn Ironside, set fire to the earliest church on the site of Chartres Cathedral. Charles the Bald pays him tribute (Danegeld) to save Verberie (Northern France).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341129132#Europe", "title": "858", "revid": 1341129132, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 862, "year_label": "862 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Robert the Strong, margrave of Neustria, captures 12 Viking ships and kills their crews. He pays tribute (Danegeld) for keeping the Vikings out of Neustria.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341129421#Central_Europe", "title": "862", "revid": 1341129421, "section": "Events › By place › Central Europe"}}, {"year": 869, "year_label": "869 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Danes, led by Viking chieftain Ivar the Boneless, 'make peace' with the Mercians (by accepting Danegeld). Ivar leaves Nottingham on horseback, and returns to York.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369351830#Britain", "title": "869", "revid": 1369351830, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 871, "year_label": "871 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 23", "text": "April 23 – Alfred succeeds as king of Wessex after Æthelred's death. He makes peace with the Danes, and pays them Danegeld, each ruling parts of England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341129558#Europe", "title": "871", "revid": 1341129558, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 872, "year_label": "872 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The Danes, led by Halfdan and Guthrum, establish a winter quarter at Torksey in the Kingdom of Lindsey (now part of Lincolnshire). King Burgred pays tribute (Danegeld) in return for 'peace'.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267071842#Britain", "title": "872", "revid": 1267071842, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 884, "year_label": "884 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Summer – King Carloman II reverts to the former fall-back of 'pay and pray', buying (with Danegeld) a truce at Amiens, while he raises 12,000 lbs of silver for the Vikings to depart.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366654158#Europe", "title": "884", "revid": 1366654158, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 885, "year_label": "885 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 25", "text": "November 25 – Siege of Paris: Viking forces, under the Norse chieftains Sigfred and Sinric, sail up the River Seine for eastern France, with a fleet of 300 longships (10,000 men). They appear before Paris, and offer to spare the city if they are allowed free passage, by paying them tribute (Danegeld). Their request is denied.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366655145#Europe", "title": "885", "revid": 1366655145, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 886, "year_label": "886 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October", "text": "October – Siege of Paris: Count Odo slips through Viking-controlled territory, to ask the king of West Francia Charles the Fat for support. He returns with a relief force, and reaches safety within the walls. Charles arrives later with a large army, and establishes a camp at Montmartre. After negotiations he promises the Vikings tribute (Danegeld) worth 700 Livres (equivalent to 257kg of silver), and allows them to sail up the River Seine, to over-winter in Burgundy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367666946#Europe", "title": "886", "revid": 1367666946, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 970, "year_label": "970 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Skagul Toste leads a Viking expedition to England and demands Danegeld.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365261460#Europe", "title": "970", "revid": 1365261460, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 991, "year_label": "991 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 11", "text": "August 11: Following a raid by Olaf Tryggvason at the mouth of the River Thames, ealdorman Byrhtnoth is killed in the Battle of Maldon in Essex, which is commemorated in the Old English poem The Battle of Maldon. Æthelred the Unready is forced to pay a tribute of 22,000 pounds of silver for Tryggvason to withdraw his troops; this is the first in a series of Danegelds.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365261005#Events", "title": "991", "revid": 1365261005, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 994, "year_label": "994 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "A Danish Viking fleet, under Olaf Tryggvason, sails up the Thames Estuary, and besieges London. King Æthelred II (the Unready) pays Olaf 16,000 lbs of silver (Danegeld).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350027284#England", "title": "994", "revid": 1350027284, "section": "Events › By place › England"}}, {"year": 1002, "year_label": "1002 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Winter – Æthelred pays tribute (or Danegeld) to Sweyn Forkbeard, buying him off with a massive payment of 24,000 lbs of silver to hold off further Viking raids against England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371270947#British_Isles", "title": "1002", "revid": 1371270947, "section": "Events › By place › British Isles"}}, {"year": 1007, "year_label": "1007 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "King Æthelred the Unready pays the Danish Vikings a sum of 36,000 pounds of silver (Danegeld) to stop further invasions.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341910071#England", "title": "1007", "revid": 1341910071, "section": "Events › By place › England"}}, {"year": 1012, "year_label": "1012 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April", "text": "April – King Æthelred the Unready resumes the payment of Danegeld (48,000 pounds of silver) in an attempt to buy off Viking raiders.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365271481#England", "title": "1012", "revid": 1365271481, "section": "Events › By place › England"}}, {"year": 1051, "year_label": "1051 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Heregeld, commonly known as Danegeld, is abolished by Edward the Confessor. It has been collected for many years to provide funds for defending the country from Viking raiders.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365260254#England", "title": "1051", "revid": 1365260254, "section": "Events › By place › England"}}]}