{"slug": "delhi-sultanate", "label": "Delhi Sultanate", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhi_Sultanate", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229411", "qid": "Q229411", "description": "1206–1526 empire in the Indian subcontinent", "entries": 43, "years": 35, "span": [1150, 1526], "span_label": ["1150 CE", "1526 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 24}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 9}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 5}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 2}, {"title": "Births", "count": 1}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "alauddin-khalji", "label": "Alauddin Khalji", "shared": 9}, {"slug": "india", "label": "India", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "delhi", "label": "Delhi", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "timur", "label": "Timur", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "sindh", "label": "Sindh", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "hinduism", "label": "Hinduism", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "december", "label": "December", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "mongol-empire", "label": "Mongol Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "lahore", "label": "Lahore", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "mughal-empire", "label": "Mughal Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "pakistan", "label": "Pakistan", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "bengal", "label": "Bengal", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1150, "year_label": "1150 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Qutb al-Din Aibak, ruler of the Delhi Sultanate (d. 1210)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362164290#Births", "title": "1150", "revid": 1362164290, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1206, "year_label": "1206 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "March 15", "text": "March 15 – Sultan Muhammad of Ghor is murdered and succeeded by Qutb al-Din Aibak, his deputy in India, who founds the Mamluk Dynasty, the first dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267066460#Asia", "title": "1206", "revid": 1267066460, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1211, "year_label": "1211 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June", "text": "June – Shams ud-Din Iltutmish, son-in-law of the former Sultan Qutb al-Din Aibak, becomes ruler of the Delhi Sultanate and quells the Hindu rebellions in India.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360876354#Asia", "title": "1211", "revid": 1360876354, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1225, "year_label": "1225 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Iltutmish, Ghurid ruler of the Delhi Sultanate, repels a Mongol attack and invades Bengal. His rival, Ghiyasuddin, leads an army to halt Iltutmish's advance, but decides to avoid a conflict by paying him tribute and accepting his suzerainty.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1333322984#Mongol_Empire", "title": "1225", "revid": 1333322984, "section": "Events › By place › Mongol Empire"}}, {"year": 1236, "year_label": "1236 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "October 10", "text": "October 10 – Razia Sultana, daughter of Mamluk Sultan Shamsuddin Iltutmish, becomes the first female Muslim ruler of the Indian subcontinent, deposing her half-brother, Ruknuddin Firuz, as sultan of the Delhi Sultanate.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361428601#Asia", "title": "1236", "revid": 1361428601, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1241, "year_label": "1241 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December", "text": "December – Siege of Lahore (1241): The Mongols under Tair Bahadur besiege and sack the city of Lahore in the Delhi Sultanate.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362486166#Events", "title": "1241", "revid": 1362486166, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1266, "year_label": "1266 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "November 19", "text": "November 19 – Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah, Mamluk ruler of Delhi", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351320651#Deaths", "title": "1266", "revid": 1351320651, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1290, "year_label": "1290 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "June 13", "text": "June 13 – Shamsuddin Kayumars, Mamluk ruler of the Delhi Sultanate, is murdered and succeeded by Jalal-ud-din Khalji (or Firuz Shah I), founder of the Khalji dynasty, ending Mamluk rule and instigating the Khalji Revolution.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1343598991#Asia", "title": "1290", "revid": 1343598991, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1290, "year_label": "1290 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 13", "text": "June 13 – Shamsuddin II, Mamluk ruler of the Delhi Sultanate (b. 1285)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1343598991#Deaths", "title": "1290", "revid": 1343598991, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1296, "year_label": "1296 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 20", "text": "July 20 – Jalal ud din Firuz Khalji dies, and his nephew and son-in-law Ala-Ud-Din-Khalji comes to the throne of the Delhi Sultanate in Hindustan, becoming the most powerful ruler of his dynasty.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368372269#January–December", "title": "1296", "revid": 1368372269, "section": "Events › January–December"}}, {"year": 1298, "year_label": "1298 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Mongol invasion of India (1297–1298): Mongol forces led by Qutlugh Khwaja invade the Sindh region of the Delhi Sultanate and occupy the castle of Sivistan (modern Pakistan). Sultan Alauddin Khalji sends an army under Zafar Khan, who defeats the Mongols, on February 6. Some 20,000 Mongols are killed in the ensuing battle. The survivors are put into chains and brought to Delhi, where they are trampled to death by elephants.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363071319#Asia", "title": "1298", "revid": 1363071319, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1303, "year_label": "1303 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 28", "text": "January 28 – In India, the siege of Chittorgarh, capital of the Medapata Kingdom (now in the state of Rajasthan), begins as the Sultan of Delhi, Alauddin Khalji, seeks to acquire the territory of the Medapata Emperor, Ratnasimha.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360891664#January–March", "title": "1303", "revid": 1360891664, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1304, "year_label": "1304 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Sultan Alauddin Khalji orders a second invasion of Gujarat, which results in the annexation of the Kingdom of Vaghela into the Delhi Sultanate.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361428823#July_–_September", "title": "1304", "revid": 1361428823, "section": "Events › July – September"}}, {"year": 1305, "year_label": "1305 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 20", "text": "December 20 – Battle of Amroha: Mongol forces (some 30,000 men) invade the Delhi Sultanate again in northern India. Sultan Alauddin Khalji dispatches a cavalry force led by Vizier Ghazi Malik, to repulse the Mongols. During the battle (somewhere in the Amroha district), the Delhi forces inflict a crushing defeat upon the invaders. Many Mongols are taken prisoner and incorporated into the Delhi army.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1297125288#October_–_December", "title": "1305", "revid": 1297125288, "section": "Events › October – December"}}, {"year": 1305, "year_label": "1305 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 24", "text": "November 24 – In India, Mahalakadeva, King of Malwa, is killed while attempting to flee the invaders from the Delhi Sultanate. Ayn al-Mulk Multani takes control of the kingdom as the Sultanate's Governor of Malwa.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1297125288#October_–_December", "title": "1305", "revid": 1297125288, "section": "Events › October – December"}}, {"year": 1306, "year_label": "1306 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Mongol invasion of India: Mongol forces invade the Delhi Sultanate, Sultan Alauddin Khalji sends an army under Malik Kafur to deal with the invaders and defeats them at the banks of the Ravi River. The Delhi army kills and captures many Mongols in their pursuit. Alauddin orders the survivors to be trampled under the feet of elephants.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354973149#Asia", "title": "1306", "revid": 1354973149, "section": "Events › By location › Asia"}}, {"year": 1308, "year_label": "1308 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 2", "text": "July 2 – Alauddin Khalji, Sultan of Delhi sets off from the Indian city of Delhi toward the Fort of Siwana (now in the Rajasthan state) to begin the siege of Siwana, which is completed in September.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367315343#July_–_September", "title": "1308", "revid": 1367315343, "section": "Events › July – September"}}, {"year": 1309, "year_label": "1309 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 31", "text": "October 31 – In India, Alauddin Khalji, Sultan of Delhi, orders General Malik Kafur to invade the Kakatiya kingdom, ruled by Prataparudra, and to besiege its capital, Warangal (now in India's Telangana state).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359759809#October_–_December", "title": "1309", "revid": 1359759809, "section": "Events › October – December"}}, {"year": 1310, "year_label": "1310 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Spring – Siege of Warangal: Delhi forces led by Malik Kafur conquer the fortress of Warangal after a month-long siege. Rudradeva II, Indian ruler of the Kakatiya Dynasty, negotiates a truce and surrenders a huge amount of wealth to send to the Delhi Sultanate.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332018292#Asia", "title": "1310", "revid": 1332018292, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1310, "year_label": "1310 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 19", "text": "January 19 – General Malik Kafur of the Delhi Sultanate begins the siege of Warangal, capital of the Kakatiya kingdom in what is now the Indian state of Telangana.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332018292#January_–_March", "title": "1310", "revid": 1332018292, "section": "Events › January – March"}}, {"year": 1310, "year_label": "1310 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 20", "text": "March 20 – Having secured the surrender of King Prataparudra of Kakatiya during the siege of Warangal, General Malik Kafur of the Delhi Sultanate begins his return journey to Delhi. He will arrive on June 23.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332018292#January_–_March", "title": "1310", "revid": 1332018292, "section": "Events › January – March"}}, {"year": 1316, "year_label": "1316 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 14", "text": "April 14 – Qutb al-Din Mubarak, the 17-year-old son of Alauddin Khalji, succeeds him and ascends the throne as ruler of the Delhi Sultanate.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332018310#April_–_June", "title": "1316", "revid": 1332018310, "section": "Events › April – June"}}, {"year": 1316, "year_label": "1316 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 8", "text": "February 8 – After only 35 days of ruling the Delhi Sultanate as regent, Malik Kafur is assassinated by Sultan Alauddin's former bodyguards.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332018310#January_–_March", "title": "1316", "revid": 1332018310, "section": "Events › January – March"}}, {"year": 1316, "year_label": "1316 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 4", "text": "January 4 – Sultan Alauddin Khalji of the Delhi Sultanate dies after a 19-year reign at Delhi. He is succeeded by his 5-year-old son, Shihabuddin Omar, with the support of Alauddin's general Malik Kafur. During his reign, a power struggle occurs between Malik Kafur and the Khalji family.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332018310#January_–_March", "title": "1316", "revid": 1332018310, "section": "Events › January – March"}}, {"year": 1320, "year_label": "1320 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "July 9", "text": "July 9 – In India's Delhi Sultanate, Qutbuddin Mubarak Shah is murdered by his favourite, Khusrau Khan, who succeeds him on the throne.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353685641#July_–_September", "title": "1320", "revid": 1353685641, "section": "Events › July – September"}}, {"year": 1320, "year_label": "1320 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 9", "text": "July 9 – Qutbuddin Mubarak Shah, Indian ruler of the Delhi Sultanate", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353685641#Deaths", "title": "1320", "revid": 1353685641, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1321, "year_label": "1321 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "April 8", "text": "April 8 – In the Delhi Sultanate of India, European Dominican missionaries who have accompanied Jordan Catala are killed while stranded on Salsette Island. Jordan escapes and continues his ministry.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355655788#April_–_June", "title": "1321", "revid": 1355655788, "section": "Events › April – June"}}, {"year": 1325, "year_label": "1325 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "February 1", "text": "February 1 – Sultan Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq is murdered after a 5-year reign at Kara-Manikpur. He is succeeded by his son Muhammad bin Tughluq (Juna Khan) as ruler of the Delhi Sultanate.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366485647#January_–_March", "title": "1325", "revid": 1366485647, "section": "Events › January – March"}}, {"year": 1341, "year_label": "1341 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "The sultan of Delhi Muhammad bin Tughluq chooses Ibn Battuta to lead a diplomatic mission to Yuan Dynasty China.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369561422#Date_unknown", "title": "1341", "revid": 1369561422, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1351, "year_label": "1351 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 23", "text": "March 23 – Firuz Shah Tughlaq succeeds Mohammad Tughlaq as ruler of the Delhi Sultanate. At this time, the Samma dynasty in Sindh (part of modern-day Pakistan) breaks away from the Sultanate.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1275601006#January–December", "title": "1351", "revid": 1275601006, "section": "Events › January–December"}}, {"year": 1357, "year_label": "1357 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Ziauddin Barani, historian and political thinker of the Delhi Sultanate (b. 1285)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1274989420#Deaths", "title": "1357", "revid": 1274989420, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1388, "year_label": "1388 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 20", "text": "September 20 –Ghiyas-ud-Din Tughluq II succeeds Firuz Shah Tughlaq as Sultan of Delhi.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360557860#July–September", "title": "1388", "revid": 1360557860, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1389, "year_label": "1389 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "March 14", "text": "March 14 – The unpopular Sultan Tughluq Khan of Delhi is murdered and succeeded by his brother, Abu Bakr Shah. The assassins, including Abu Bakr, kill the Sultan Tughluq and his vizier, Jahan Khan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360559797#January–March", "title": "1389", "revid": 1360559797, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1394, "year_label": "1394 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Sultan Mahmud II of the Delhi Sultanate", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371593498#Deaths", "title": "1394", "revid": 1371593498, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1394, "year_label": "1394 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 20", "text": "January 20 – In India, Ala ud-din Sikandar Shah becomes the new Sultan of Delhi upon the death of his father, Muhammad Shah III.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371593498#January–March", "title": "1394", "revid": 1371593498, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1398, "year_label": "1398 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 17", "text": "December 17 – Timur defeats the last ruler of the Delhi Sultanate, which has been weakened after four years of civil war. Following his victory, Timur's Islamic troops sack the city of Delhi, and proceed to massacre hundreds of thousands of the state's Hindu inhabitants.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370372737#October–December", "title": "1398", "revid": 1370372737, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1399, "year_label": "1399 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 13", "text": "January 13 – In the Delhi Sultanate in what is now the Uttarakhand state of India, Timur the Lame captures and sacks Haridwar.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362188981#January–March", "title": "1399", "revid": 1362188981, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1414, "year_label": "1414 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 28", "text": "May 28 – Khizr Khan, Timur's governor of Multan in India, conquers the Delhi Sultanate from Daulat Khan Lodi, founding the Sayyid Dynasty.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368828978#April–June", "title": "1414", "revid": 1368828978, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1434, "year_label": "1434 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 19", "text": "February 19 – In India, Mubarak Shah II, the Sultan of Delhi, is assassinated. His nephew, Muhammad Shah IV becomes the new Sultan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1335073150#January–March", "title": "1434", "revid": 1335073150, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1445, "year_label": "1445 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 1", "text": "January 1 – In northern India, Ala-ud-Din Alam Shah becomes the new Sultan of Delhi upon the death of his father, Muhammad Shah IV.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370372937#January–March", "title": "1445", "revid": 1370372937, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1451, "year_label": "1451 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 19", "text": "April 19 – In the Delhi Sultanate, the Afghan Lodi Dynasty succeeds the Turkish Sayyid Dynasty as the Sayyid ruler Ala-ud-Din Alam Shah flees Delhi and Bahlul Khan Lodi takes the throne.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358547324#April–June", "title": "1451", "revid": 1358547324, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1489, "year_label": "1489 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 17", "text": "July 17 – In India's Delhi Sultanate, Sikandar Lodi succeeds Bahlul Khan Lodi as the new Sultan of Delhi.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364757252#July–September", "title": "1489", "revid": 1364757252, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1526, "year_label": "1526 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 25", "text": "February 25 – The Battle of Hisar Firoza is fought in what is now the Indian state of Haryana, between the Mughal Empire (whose army is led by Prince Humayun) and the Delhi Sultanate, led by Hamid Khan. Humayun, in his first command, leads the Mughals to victory.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369353275#January–March", "title": "1526", "revid": 1369353275, "section": "Events › January–March"}}]}