{"slug": "denmark", "label": "Denmark", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denmark", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35", "qid": "Q35", "description": "country in Northern Europe", "entries": 170, "years": 160, "span": [-349, 2025], "span_label": ["350 BCE", "2025 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Deaths", "count": 42}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 40}, {"title": "Births", "count": 24}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 21}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 13}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 11}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 7}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 5}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 2}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 2}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 2}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "sweden", "label": "Sweden", "shared": 21}, {"slug": "vikings", "label": "Vikings", "shared": 16}, {"slug": "norway", "label": "Norway", "shared": 12}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-england", "label": "Kingdom of England", "shared": 10}, {"slug": "sweyn-forkbeard", "label": "Sweyn Forkbeard", "shared": 8}, {"slug": "harald-bluetooth", "label": "Harald Bluetooth", "shared": 8}, {"slug": "cnut-the-great", "label": "Cnut the Great", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "wessex", "label": "Wessex", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "mercia", "label": "Mercia", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-northumbria", "label": "Kingdom of Northumbria", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "alfred-the-great", "label": "Alfred the Great", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "great-heathen-army", "label": "Great Heathen Army", "shared": 5}], "items": [{"year": -349, "year_label": "350 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Tollund Man, human sacrifice victim on the Jutland peninsula in Denmark, possibly the earliest known evidence for worship of the Norse god Odin (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367585688#Deaths", "title": "350 BC", "revid": 1367585688, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 320, "year_label": "320 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "In Nydam Mose (Denmark), the Nydam oak boat is sacrificed by the Danes (the boat is excavated in the 1830s, when a local farmer finds weapons, including swords and spears).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330750501#Culture_and_Religion", "title": "320", "revid": 1330750501, "section": "Events › By topic › Culture and Religion"}}, {"year": 729, "year_label": "729 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "In Denmark, construction of the Kanhave Canal across the island of Samsø is completed. Although the canal is only about 500 metres long, it is one of the largest engineering projects undertaken in Denmark during the Early Middle Ages.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340808680#Europe", "title": "729", "revid": 1340808680, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 770, "year_label": "770 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Hedeby, an important trading settlement, in the Danish-northern German borderland is founded (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340847752#Europe", "title": "770", "revid": 1340847752, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 778, "year_label": "778 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Saxon Wars: Widukind and his close followers return to Saxony from Denmark. He probably makes alliances with the Danes and the northwestern Slav tribes. Saxon rebels destroy the fortress of Karlsburg and sack Deutz (near Cologne), but are unable to cross the Rhine. They are driven back by the garrison of Koblenz, but then ambush and defeat the Frankish pursuers. Counter-attacking Frankish forces pursue the Saxons up the Lahn Valley, and defeat them near Leisa.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267081416#Europe", "title": "778", "revid": 1267081416, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 785, "year_label": "785 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Harald Klak, king of Denmark (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351342449#Births", "title": "785", "revid": 1351342449, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 793, "year_label": "793 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "June 8", "text": "June 8 – Viking raiders attack the Northumbrian coast, arriving in longships from either Denmark or Norway, and sacking the monastery of Lindisfarne. Many of the monks are killed or enslaved. It is the first Viking attack on a monastery in the British Isles, although it is not the first known Viking attack in the British Isles. The first attack came in 789, when Vikings raided the settlement of Portland in Dorset.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364906953#Britain", "title": "793", "revid": 1364906953, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 808, "year_label": "808 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Viking Age: First Viking raid, by Danes against the Baltic coast. Godfred destroys the Slav settlement of Reric (near present-day Wismar), used as a strategic trade route. The population is displaced or abducted, to Hedeby (Denmark).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848803#Europe", "title": "AD 808", "revid": 1340848803, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 810, "year_label": "810 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "King Godfred of the Danes leads 200 Viking ships to plunder the Frisian coast, and forces the merchants to pay 100 pounds of silver. He claims Northern Frisia as Danish territory.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848812#Europe", "title": "810", "revid": 1340848812, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 811, "year_label": "811 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Treaty of Heiligen: King Hemming of Denmark concludes a peace treaty with Emperor Charlemagne in present-day Rendsburg. The southern boundary of Denmark is established at the Eider River.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366655051#Europe", "title": "811", "revid": 1366655051, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 812, "year_label": "812 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "At the death of king Hemming of Denmark two claimants to the throne, Sigfred and Anulo, meet in battle but are both killed. Harald and Reginfrid, brothers of Anulo, becomes joint kings of Denmark.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1345909676#Europe", "title": "812", "revid": 1345909676, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 826, "year_label": "826 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "King Harald Klak of Denmark receives the Frisian county of Rüstringen, as a gift from Emperor Louis the Pious.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340941323#Europe", "title": "826", "revid": 1340941323, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 832, "year_label": "832 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The town of Clondalkin (modern Ireland) is sacked by Vikings from Denmark, and the monastery is burnt to the ground.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267075509#Britain_and_Ireland", "title": "832", "revid": 1267075509, "section": "Events › By place › Britain and Ireland"}}, {"year": 850, "year_label": "850 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Danish Viking raiders, led by King Rorik, conquer Dorestad and Utrecht (modern-day Netherlands). Emperor Lothair I recognizes him as ruler of most of Friesland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341129147#Europe", "title": "850", "revid": 1341129147, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 851, "year_label": "851 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Danish Viking raiders enter the Thames Estuary, and plunder Canterbury and London. They land at Wembury near Plymouth, but are defeated by Anglo-Saxon forces led by King Ethelwulf of Wessex. His eldest son Æthelstan of Kent, accompanied by Ealdorman Ealhhere, attacks a Viking fleet off the coast at Sandwich, and captures nine of the enemy vessels while the remainder flees.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267073715#Britain", "title": "851", "revid": 1267073715, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 852, "year_label": "852 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Harald Klak, king of Denmark (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1287194271#Deaths", "title": "852", "revid": 1287194271, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 854, "year_label": "854 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Viking chieftains Rorik and Godfrid Haraldsson return to Denmark, to gain power after the death of King Horik I. During a civil war, they are forced to go back to Friesland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341129142#Europe", "title": "854", "revid": 1341129142, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 854, "year_label": "854 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Horik I, Viking king of Denmark", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341129142#Deaths", "title": "854", "revid": 1341129142, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 857, "year_label": "857 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Viking chieftain Rorik, with the agreement of King Lothair II, leaves Dorestad with a fleet and forces his rival Horik II to recognise him as ruler over Denmark (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267075868#Europe", "title": "857", "revid": 1267075868, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 865, "year_label": "865 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Ragnar Lodbrok, king of Denmark and Sweden", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341129586#Deaths", "title": "865", "revid": 1341129586, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 866, "year_label": "866 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The Great Heathen Army of the Vikings rides north to Northumbria. The Northumbrians are preoccupied with a civil war, and the Danes enter York unopposed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341129580#Britain", "title": "866", "revid": 1341129580, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 868, "year_label": "868 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "King Burgred of Mercia appeals to Æthelred I for help in resisting the Great Heathen Army. The Danes occupy Nottingham, and stay through the winter without any serious opposition.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358169430#Britain", "title": "868", "revid": 1358169430, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 869, "year_label": "869 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Danes, led by Viking chieftain Ivar the Boneless, 'make peace' with the Mercians (by accepting Danegeld). Ivar leaves Nottingham on horseback, and returns to York.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369351830#Britain", "title": "869", "revid": 1369351830, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 870, "year_label": "870 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Danes, led by Ivar the Boneless and King Olaf of the Dublin Vikings, besiege Dumbarton in Scotland, the capital of King Artgal of Stratchlyde. After a siege of four months, the citadel is captured and destroyed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341129562#Britain", "title": "870", "revid": 1341129562, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 871, "year_label": "871 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The English retreat onto the Berkshire Downs. The Great Heathen Army, led by the Danish Viking kings Halfdan and Bagsecg, march out after the Saxons. Six pitched battles are fought between the Danes and Wessex. Of two of them the place and date are not recorded, the others are:", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341129558#Europe", "title": "871", "revid": 1341129558, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 875, "year_label": "875 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June", "text": "June – The Great Heathen Army, led by Guthrum, moves on Cambridge. He later returns to Wessex, to establish a winter quarter. King Alfred the Great fights the Danes in a naval engagement.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352180718#Britain", "title": "875", "revid": 1352180718, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 876, "year_label": "876 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Great Heathen Army, led by Guthrum, captures the fortress of Wareham (Dorset), and is met by a Viking army (3,500 men) from the sea, which lands at Poole Harbour. King Alfred the Great traps the Vikings, and demands hostages in return for a peace agreement. The Danes divide their forces; half flees to Exeter, where they besiege the town while the other half escape in their ships, but are lost in a storm near Swanage.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267070562#Britain", "title": "876", "revid": 1267070562, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 886, "year_label": "886 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "King Alfred the Great of Wessex recaptures London from the Danish Vikings, and renames it Lundenburh. Slightly upstream from London Bridge, he builds a small harbor called Queenhithe. Alfred hands the town over to his son-in-law Æthelred, lord of Mercia. A street system is planned out in the town, with boundaries of 1,100 yards from east to west, and around 330 yards from north to south.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367666946#Britain", "title": "886", "revid": 1367666946, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 893, "year_label": "893 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Spring – Prince Edward, the son of King Alfred the Great, defeats the Danish Viking raiders at Farnham, and forces them to take refuge on Thorney Island. At the same time, Danes from East Anglia sail around the Cornish coast, and besiege Exeter.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364917563#Britain", "title": "893", "revid": 1364917563, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 902, "year_label": "902 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 13", "text": "December 13 – Battle of the Holme: The Anglo-Saxon army is defeated by the Danish Vikings under Æthelwold (a son of Æthelred I) at Holme. Æthelwold is killed, ending his revolt against King Edward the Elder.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341130244#Britain_And_Ireland", "title": "902", "revid": 1341130244, "section": "Events › By place › Britain And Ireland"}}, {"year": 903, "year_label": "903 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Danish Vikings invade Anglesey after being driven out of Dublin (see 902). They fail to gain a foothold in Wales, and sail on to Chester.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1346096497#Britain", "title": "903", "revid": 1346096497, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 914, "year_label": "914 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Æthelflæd, Lady of the Mercians, a daughter of King Alfred the Great, builds a burh or fortified dwelling at Warwick and repairs Eddisbury hill fort. She leads the Mercians in their fight against the Danish invaders.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355643516#Britain", "title": "914", "revid": 1355643516, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 924, "year_label": "924 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 17", "text": "July 17 – Edward the Elder, King of the Anglo-Saxons, is killed in battle at Farndon-Upon-Dee while leading an army against a revolt by some of the Cambrians and Mercians. During his 25-year reign, he gained direct control over Mercia, including some of the Danelaw, the Danish-occupied areas. Edward's oldest son, Æthelstan, is proclaimed the new King of England, while some supporters among the West Saxons support Ælfweard, to be Edward's successor as King of Wessex.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360748864#July—September", "title": "924", "revid": 1360748864, "section": "Events › July—September"}}, {"year": 934, "year_label": "934 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "King Henry I (\"the Fowler\") pacifies the territories to the north, where the Danish Vikings have been harrying the Frisians by sea. He defeats the Danes petty King Gnupa, and conquers Hedeby.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341512094#Europe", "title": "934", "revid": 1341512094, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 944, "year_label": "944 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "King Edmund I regains (with the help of Danish settlers) the territory he ceded to Olaf Guthfrithson. He conquers Northumbria and cedes Cumberland to Malcolm I, king of the 'Picts and Scots'.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341512279#England", "title": "944", "revid": 1341512279, "section": "Events › By place › England"}}, {"year": 958, "year_label": "958 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Gorm the Old, king of Denmark. He was born before 900 and may have died as late as 964.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364468198#Deaths", "title": "958", "revid": 1364468198, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 960, "year_label": "960 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Harald Bluetooth, king of Denmark, consolidates his rule over Jutland and Zealand. He adopts Christianity, erecting a carved stone at Jelling to honour his parents. It features a runic inscription (best-known in Denmark) and an image of Christ surrounded by interlace. The other Scandinavian kingdoms slowly convert to Christianity (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365272128#Europe", "title": "960", "revid": 1365272128, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 963, "year_label": "963 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "April 17", "text": "April 17 – Sweyn Forkbeard, king of Denmark and Norway (d. 1014)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365272224#Births", "title": "963", "revid": 1365272224, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 965, "year_label": "965 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "The last of the Jelling stones was erected in Denmark by the king Harald Bluetooth; a monumental incident in danish history, often referred to as the birth of Denmark as a nation unified under the religion of Christianity.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371364470#Europe", "title": "965", "revid": 1371364470, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 974, "year_label": "974 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Battle of Danevirke: Emperor Otto II defeats the rebel forces of King Harald I, who has invaded Nordalbingia (modern-day Holstein), to shake off imperial overlordship. Otto's armies swiftly subdue the Danes, consolidating the frontier between Scandinavia and Northern Germany. Meanwhile, Henry II begins a rebellion against his cousin Otto. He forges alliances with Bavarian and Saxon nobles.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341513416#Europe", "title": "974", "revid": 1341513416, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 978, "year_label": "978 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 18", "text": "March 18 – King Edward the Martyr is murdered at Corfe Castle (Dorsetshire) upon the orders of his step-mother Ælfthryth (or Elfrida). He is succeeded by his half-brother Æthelred II (the Unready) who becomes king of England. During his reign Æthelred tries to keep his realm from being overrun by Danish Viking invaders.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365272344#England", "title": "978", "revid": 1365272344, "section": "Events › By place › England"}}, {"year": 980, "year_label": "980 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "King Harald Bluetooth orders the construction of the Viking ring fortress of Trelleborg (modern Denmark).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364109392#Europe", "title": "980", "revid": 1364109392, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 982, "year_label": "982 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "King Harald Bluetooth invades Norway, pillaging southwest Norway all the way to Stad, where he encounters Haakon Sigurdsson (the de facto ruler of Norway) and his army. He flees back to Denmark, ending the invasion.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364468335#Europe", "title": "982", "revid": 1364468335, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 983, "year_label": "983 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "King Harald Bluetooth rebels against the overlordship of Otto II. A Danish Viking army under his son Sweyn Forkbeard invades the March of Schleswig – along the northern border of modern Denmark. The Sorb Slavs in northern Germany overrun and conquer the March of Zeitz (Marca Geronis) from Saxon control.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341908613#Europe", "title": "983", "revid": 1341908613, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 984, "year_label": "984 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Emma of Normandy, noblewoman, queen consort of England (twice), Denmark and Norway (d. 1052; approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341908618#Births", "title": "984", "revid": 1341908618, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 985, "year_label": "985 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Harold II (Bluetooth), king of Denmark and Norway", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364468346#Deaths", "title": "985", "revid": 1364468346, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 986, "year_label": "986 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Winter – King Harald II (Bluetooth) dies after a 28-year reign (driven into exile). He is succeeded by his son Sweyn Forkbeard as ruler of Denmark and Norway.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365272436#Europe", "title": "986", "revid": 1365272436, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 988, "year_label": "988 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "March 18", "text": "March 18 – The city of Odense (located on the island of Funen) in Denmark is founded. King Otto III grants trade rights and to the neighbouring settlements.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364920019#Economy", "title": "988", "revid": 1364920019, "section": "Events › By topic › Economy"}}, {"year": 990, "year_label": "990 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "The city of Lund, Sweden is founded, during the reign of the Danish king Sweyn Forkbeard (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341908655#Europe", "title": "990", "revid": 1341908655, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 994, "year_label": "994 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "A Danish Viking fleet, under Olaf Tryggvason, sails up the Thames Estuary, and besieges London. King Æthelred II (the Unready) pays Olaf 16,000 lbs of silver (Danegeld).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350027284#England", "title": "994", "revid": 1350027284, "section": "Events › By place › England"}}, {"year": 995, "year_label": "995 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Cnut (the Great), king of Denmark, Norway and England (d. 1035)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360634539#Births", "title": "995", "revid": 1360634539, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1001, "year_label": "1001 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The First Battle of Alton: Danish invaders defeat the English.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341910152#Europe", "title": "1001", "revid": 1341910152, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1004, "year_label": "1004 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "A Danish Viking fleet under Sweyn Forkbeard lands in Norfolk. Ealdorman Ulfcytel orders his Anglo-Saxon troops to burn the raiding ships. The plan fails and Ulfcytel's small army is defeated by the Vikings.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369529611#England", "title": "1004", "revid": 1369529611, "section": "Events › By place › England"}}, {"year": 1013, "year_label": "1013 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Summer – Danish Viking raiders led by Sweyn Forkbeard (accompanied by his son Cnut) sail from Denmark to attack England. Again London defends itself and the Vikings move elsewhere, plundering Wessex, Mercia and Northumbria. King Æthelred the Unready sends his sons Edward and Alfred to Normandy. Æthelred retreats to the Isle of Wight and follows them later into exile.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342212600#England", "title": "1013", "revid": 1342212600, "section": "Events › By place › England"}}, {"year": 1014, "year_label": "1014 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "February 3", "text": "February 3 – Sweyn Forkbeard, king of Denmark and England (b. 960)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342212610#Deaths", "title": "1014", "revid": 1342212610, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1014, "year_label": "1014 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "February 3", "text": "February 3 – King Sweyn Forkbeard dies at Gainsborough after a reign of five weeks. He is succeeded by Harald II who becomes king of Denmark, while Cnut is elected by the Vikings of the Danelaw as king of England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342212610#England", "title": "1014", "revid": 1342212610, "section": "Events › By place › England"}}, {"year": 1015, "year_label": "1015 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Summer – King Cnut the Great of Denmark launches an invasion of Mercia and Northumbria in England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365259982#Europe", "title": "1015", "revid": 1365259982, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1018, "year_label": "1018 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Cnut (\"the Great\"), King of England, travels to Denmark to succeed his brother Harald II on the Danish throne.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367470608#Europe", "title": "1018", "revid": 1367470608, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1018, "year_label": "1018 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Harthacnut (or Cnut III), king of Denmark (d. 1042)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367470608#Births", "title": "1018", "revid": 1367470608, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1019, "year_label": "1019 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Sweyn II (Estridsson), king of Denmark (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342212971#Births", "title": "1019", "revid": 1342212971, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1028, "year_label": "1028 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Cnut the Great sails from England to Norway with a fleet of 50 ships. He defeats Olaf Haraldsson and is crowned king of Norway. Cnut becomes the sole ruler of England, Denmark and part of Sweden (known as the Danish North Sea Empire).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363299472#England", "title": "1028", "revid": 1363299472, "section": "Events › By place › England"}}, {"year": 1035, "year_label": "1035 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "November 12", "text": "November 12 – Cnut, king of Denmark, Norway and England", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362167727#Deaths", "title": "1035", "revid": 1362167727, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1040, "year_label": "1040 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Harald III, king of Denmark (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365593173#Births", "title": "1040", "revid": 1365593173, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1042, "year_label": "1042 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Canute IV (\"the Holy\"), king of Denmark (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350130047#Births", "title": "1042", "revid": 1350130047, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1042, "year_label": "1042 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 8", "text": "June 8 – Magnus the Good becomes king of Denmark after the death of Harthacnut. Despite a claim to the throne by Sweyn II, Magnus takes control of Denmark.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350130047#Europe", "title": "1042", "revid": 1350130047, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1046, "year_label": "1046 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Ingegerd, queen of Denmark and Sweden (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350130059#Births", "title": "1046", "revid": 1350130059, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1047, "year_label": "1047 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "October 25", "text": "October 25 – Harald Hardrada becomes sole king of Norway on the death of his nephew and co-regent Magnus I (\"the Good\"). The crown of Denmark passes to Sweyn II.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368550348#Europe", "title": "1047", "revid": 1368550348, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1050, "year_label": "1050 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Olaf I (\"Hunger\"), king of Denmark (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368550668#Births", "title": "1050", "revid": 1368550668, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1052, "year_label": "1052 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 6", "text": "March 6 – Emma of Normandy, queen consort of England (twice), Denmark and Norway (b. 984)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350127696#Deaths", "title": "1052", "revid": 1350127696, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1064, "year_label": "1064 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Adela of Flanders, queen of Denmark (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369558075#Births", "title": "1064", "revid": 1369558075, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1065, "year_label": "1065 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Niels (or Nicholas), king of Denmark (d. 1134)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365271706#Births", "title": "1065", "revid": 1365271706, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1070, "year_label": "1070 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June", "text": "June – Denmark signs a treaty with England; Sweyn II and his forces leave the country.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1327891061#Events", "title": "1070", "revid": 1327891061, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1076, "year_label": "1076 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "April 28", "text": "April 28 – Sweyn II Estridsson, king of Denmark", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362789427#Deaths", "title": "1076", "revid": 1362789427, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1080, "year_label": "1080 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Harald Kesja (\"the Spear\"), king of Denmark (d. 1135)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363303187#Births", "title": "1080", "revid": 1363303187, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1080, "year_label": "1080 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "April 17", "text": "April 17 – King Harald III of Denmark dies after a 4-year reign and is buried at Dalby Church in Scania (modern Sweden). He is succeeded by his brother Canute IV (\"the Holy\") as ruler of Denmark.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363303187#Europe", "title": "1080", "revid": 1363303187, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1080, "year_label": "1080 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "April 17", "text": "April 17 – Harald III, king of Denmark (b. 1040)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363303187#Deaths", "title": "1080", "revid": 1363303187, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1081, "year_label": "1081 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Construction begins on St. Canute's Cathedral in Odense (modern Denmark).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1312347020#Religion", "title": "1081", "revid": 1312347020, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1086, "year_label": "1086 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 10", "text": "July 10 – Canute IV (\"the Holy\"), king of Denmark", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1277859585#Deaths", "title": "1086", "revid": 1277859585, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1090, "year_label": "1090 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Eric II (\"the Memorable\"), king of Denmark (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362154341#Births", "title": "1090", "revid": 1362154341, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1095, "year_label": "1095 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 18", "text": "August 18 – Olaf I of Denmark (\"Hunger\") dies after a 9-year reign. He is succeeded by his brother Eric I (\"the Good\") as king of Denmark.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365264485#Europe", "title": "1095", "revid": 1365264485, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1095, "year_label": "1095 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 18", "text": "August 18 – Olaf I (\"Hunger\"), king of Denmark", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365264485#Deaths", "title": "1095", "revid": 1365264485, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1101, "year_label": "1101 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "April 19", "text": "April 19 – King Canute IV of Denmark is canonized as a saint under the name San Canuto.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365268186#Religion", "title": "1101", "revid": 1365268186, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1103, "year_label": "1103 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 10", "text": "July 10 – Eric I, king of Denmark", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365265973#Deaths", "title": "1103", "revid": 1365265973, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1115, "year_label": "1115 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Adela of Flanders, queen consort of Denmark (b. 1064)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369310142#Deaths", "title": "1115", "revid": 1369310142, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1120, "year_label": "1120 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Ingegerd, queen of Denmark and Sweden (b. 1046)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1298169999#Deaths", "title": "1120", "revid": 1298169999, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1131, "year_label": "1131 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "January 14", "text": "January 14 – Valdemar I (the Great), king of Denmark (d. 1182)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372289644#Births", "title": "1131", "revid": 1372289644, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1134, "year_label": "1134 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 25", "text": "June 25 – Niels (or Nicholas), king of Denmark", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1321069056#Deaths", "title": "1134", "revid": 1321069056, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1135, "year_label": "1135 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Harald Kesja (\"the Spear\"), king of Denmark (b. 1080)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369184463#Deaths", "title": "1135", "revid": 1369184463, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1137, "year_label": "1137 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "September 18", "text": "September 18 – Eric II, king of Denmark (b. 1090)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362157430#Deaths", "title": "1137", "revid": 1362157430, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1140, "year_label": "1140 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Sophia of Minsk, queen of Denmark (d. 1198)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367307539#Births", "title": "1140", "revid": 1367307539, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1146, "year_label": "1146 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 27", "text": "August 27 – Eric III, king of Denmark (House of Estridsen)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369184470#Deaths", "title": "1146", "revid": 1369184470, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1157, "year_label": "1157 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "October 23", "text": "October 23 – Battle of Grathe Heath: A civil war in Denmark ends with the death of King Sweyn III. Valdemar I of Denmark becomes king of all Denmark, and restores and rebuilds the country.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366532578#Events", "title": "1157", "revid": 1366532578, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1168, "year_label": "1168 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "King Valdemar I (\"the Great\") of Denmark conquers the Wendish capital at Arkona on the island of Rügen (modern Germany). The Wends become Christians and subject to Danish suzerainty.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362165077#Europe", "title": "1168", "revid": 1362165077, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1170, "year_label": "1170 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "May 9", "text": "May 9 – Valdemar II (the Conqueror), king of Denmark (d. 1241)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367488642#Births", "title": "1170", "revid": 1367488642, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1175, "year_label": "1175 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Vordingborg Castle is completed by King Valdemar I of Denmark as a defensive fortress.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362172106#Europe", "title": "1175", "revid": 1362172106, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1181, "year_label": "1181 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "October 23", "text": "October 23 – Adela of Meissen, queen consort of Denmark", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360570363#Deaths", "title": "1181", "revid": 1360570363, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1182, "year_label": "1182 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "May 12", "text": "May 12 – King Valdemar I (the Great) dies after a 28-year reign in which he has gained independence from the Holy Roman Empire. He is succeeded by his 19-year-old son Canute VI, who becomes ruler of Denmark.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362172586#Europe", "title": "1182", "revid": 1362172586, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1182, "year_label": "1182 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "May 12", "text": "May 12 – Valdemar I (the Great), king of Denmark (b. 1131)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362172586#Deaths", "title": "1182", "revid": 1362172586, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1189, "year_label": "1189 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September", "text": "September – Guy of Lusignan receives reinforcements of some 12,000 men from Denmark, Germany, England, France, and Flanders. He encircles Acre with a double line of fortified positions. On September 15, Saladin launches a failed attack on Guy's camp.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362168718#Levant", "title": "1189", "revid": 1362168718, "section": "Events › By place › Levant"}}, {"year": 1193, "year_label": "1193 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "King Philip II (Augustus) marries Ingeborg of Denmark, daughter of King Valdemar I (the Great). After the marriage, Philip changes his mind, wishes to obtain a separation, and attempts to send her back to Denmark.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367180478#Europe", "title": "1193", "revid": 1367180478, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1197, "year_label": "1197 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 1", "text": "June 1 – Gertrude of Bavaria, queen consort of Denmark", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371224721#Deaths", "title": "1197", "revid": 1371224721, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1202, "year_label": "1202 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "November 12", "text": "November 12 – Canute VI, king of Denmark (b. 1163)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369187490#Deaths", "title": "1202", "revid": 1369187490, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1203, "year_label": "1203 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The Oeselians ravage Danish Scania. The returning pirates later skirmish with the German settlers of Riga, near Visby in Gotland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369187440#Europe", "title": "1203", "revid": 1369187440, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1209, "year_label": "1209 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Valdemar the Young, king of Denmark (d. 1231)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362169644#Births", "title": "1209", "revid": 1362169644, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1210, "year_label": "1210 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 18", "text": "July 18 – Battle of Gestilren: Sverker the Younger, the exiled former King of Sweden, is defeated and killed by the reigning King Erik Knutsson. After the battle, Erik takes the Swedish throne and marries Princess Rikissa of Denmark, daughter of the late King Valdemar I of Denmark to improve the relations with Denmark, which had supported King Sverker.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1321284058#Europe", "title": "1210", "revid": 1321284058, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1211, "year_label": "1211 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Eleanor of Portugal, queen consort of Denmark (d. 1231)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360876354#Births", "title": "1211", "revid": 1360876354, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1212, "year_label": "1212 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "May 24", "text": "May 24 – Dagmar of Bohemia, queen of Denmark", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354428304#Deaths", "title": "1212", "revid": 1354428304, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1216, "year_label": "1216 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Eric IV (the Plowpenny), king of Denmark (d. 1250)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371079230#Births", "title": "1216", "revid": 1371079230, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1218, "year_label": "1218 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Abel (Valdemarsen), king of Denmark (d. 1252)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1347207200#Births", "title": "1218", "revid": 1347207200, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1219, "year_label": "1219 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Christopher I (or Christoffer), king of Denmark (d. 1259)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1345005371#Births", "title": "1219", "revid": 1345005371, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1221, "year_label": "1221 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 27", "text": "March 27 – Berengaria of Portugal, queen consort of Denmark (b. 1198)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363300593#Deaths", "title": "1221", "revid": 1363300593, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1222, "year_label": "1222 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Livonian Crusade – The Danish fail in their attempt to conquer Saaremaa Island from the Estonians.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371224827#Europe", "title": "1222", "revid": 1371224827, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1223, "year_label": "1223 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Livonian Crusade: The Estonians revolt against the Livonian Brothers of the Sword and Denmark, and for a brief period reconquer all of their strongholds except for Tallinn.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1336497375#Europe", "title": "1223", "revid": 1336497375, "section": "Events › Other events, by place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1231, "year_label": "1231 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 28", "text": "August 28 – Eleanor of Portugal, queen consort of Denmark", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367488978#Deaths", "title": "1231", "revid": 1367488978, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1250, "year_label": "1250 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 10", "text": "August 10 – Eric IV (Ploughpenny), king of Denmark", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360895476#Deaths", "title": "1250", "revid": 1360895476, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1252, "year_label": "1252 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "December 25", "text": "December 25 – Christopher I of Denmark is crowned King of Denmark, in the Lund Cathedral.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365269919#Europe", "title": "1252", "revid": 1365269919, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1257, "year_label": "1257 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Agnes of Brandenburg, queen consort of Denmark (d. 1304)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350011805#Births", "title": "1257", "revid": 1350011805, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1285, "year_label": "1285 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Euphemia of Pomerania, queen consort of Denmark (d. 1330)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359686470#Births", "title": "1285", "revid": 1359686470, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1286, "year_label": "1286 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "November 22", "text": "November 22 – Eric V (Klipping), king of Denmark (b. 1249)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363071337#Deaths", "title": "1286", "revid": 1363071337, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1317, "year_label": "1317 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 25", "text": "November 25 – Treaty of Templin: After ending the war between the Margraviate of Brandenburg and Denmark, Brandenburg is forced to negotiate a truce. King Eric VI, his ally Duke Henry the Lion and Waldemar the Great sign a peace treaty in Templin. Brandenburg agrees to transfer Burg Stargard and Arnsberg castle to Mecklenburg. They also surrender the territories of Schlawe-Stolp, located on the Baltic coast, to Pomerania.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368785088#October_–_December", "title": "1317", "revid": 1368785088, "section": "Events › October – December"}}, {"year": 1324, "year_label": "1324 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "August 15", "text": "August 15 – The coronation of King Christopher II of Denmark (who has ruled since 1320) takes place at Vordingborg, with his son Prince Erik Christoffersen being crowned alongside him as the samkonge, a junior co-monarch.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1303312513#July_–_September", "title": "1324", "revid": 1303312513, "section": "Events › July – September"}}, {"year": 1360, "year_label": "1360 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "King Valdemar IV Atterdag of Denmark reconquers Scania, which has been in Swedish possession since 1332.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1292555105#Date_unknown", "title": "1360", "revid": 1292555105, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1362, "year_label": "1362 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "January 16", "text": "January 16 – The \"Grote Mandrenke\" storm tide strikes the Netherlands, England, Germany and Denmark, destroying the Danish settlement of Rungholt in the Duchy of Schleswig, and the Humber estuary port of Ravenser Odd in England. The East Frisian island of Buise is broken into two by North Sea floods.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360556919#January–December", "title": "1362", "revid": 1360556919, "section": "Events › January–December"}}, {"year": 1370, "year_label": "1370 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 24", "text": "May 24 – The Treaty of Stralsund ends the second war between Denmark and the Hanseatic League, an alliance of market towns across northern Europe along the North Sea and the Baltic Sea.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370872148#April–June", "title": "1370", "revid": 1370872148, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1375, "year_label": "1375 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "October 24", "text": "October 24 – Margaret I of Denmark becomes Regent of Denmark after the death of her father, Valdemar IV.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370334386#October–December", "title": "1375", "revid": 1370334386, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1396, "year_label": "1396 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 20", "text": "July 20 – Queen Margaret I of Denmark, Norway and Sweden publishes the Treaty of Kalmar, proposing the personal union of the three kingdoms of Denmark, Norway (with Iceland, Greenland, the Faroe Islands, Shetland and Orkney) and Sweden (including Finland and Åland).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360576293#April–June", "title": "1396", "revid": 1360576293, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1397, "year_label": "1397 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 17", "text": "June 17 – Erik of Pomerania is crowned in Kalmar (Sweden) as ruler of the Kalmar Union, a personal union of the three kingdoms of Denmark, Norway (with Iceland, Greenland, the Faroe Islands, Shetland and Orkney) and Sweden (including Finland and Åland) engineered by Queen Margaret I of Denmark, his great-aunt and adoptive mother, who retains de facto power in the realm.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363907908#April–June", "title": "1397", "revid": 1363907908, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1408, "year_label": "1408 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Gotland passes under Danish rule.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360565942#Date_unknown", "title": "1408", "revid": 1360565942, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1437, "year_label": "1437 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "April 23", "text": "April 23 – Malmö, at this time in Denmark, receives its current coat of arms.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358546204#April–June", "title": "1437", "revid": 1358546204, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1448, "year_label": "1448 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 29", "text": "July 29 – The War in Gotland begins in Scandinavia as an army from Sweden, commanded by Generals Magnus Gren and Birger Trolle, invades the island of Gotland, at the time ruled by Denmark. The invasion is repelled by Erik of Pomerania, ruler of the island and the former King of Sweden and Denmark.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367832753#July–September", "title": "1448", "revid": 1367832753, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1457, "year_label": "1457 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 24", "text": "February 24 – King Charles VIII of Sweden is declared deposed after fleeing from Stockholm to Danzig following a rebellion. The Archbishop of Sweden, Jöns Bengtsson Oxenstierna, and statesman Erik Axelsson Tott become co-regents of Sweden. The coup leaders then offer the throne to Christian I, King of Denmark and Norway.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359845780#January–March", "title": "1457", "revid": 1359845780, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1475, "year_label": "1475 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "June 19", "text": "June 19 – After Queen consort Dorothea of Denmark visits Rome, Pope Sixtus IV issues a papal bull permitting King Christian I to establish a university in Denmark", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369334832#April–June", "title": "1475", "revid": 1369334832, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1495, "year_label": "1495 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June", "text": "June – Gribshunden, the flagship of King Hans Oldenburg of Denmark sinks off the coast of Ronneby in Sweden while King Hans is ashore to negotiate with Sten Sture the Elder to restore the power of the Kalmar Union. According to some accounts, the sinking (and the death of more than 150 crew) happened after an explosion and fire, though explorations of the shipwreck centuries later show no indication of burning.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365256979#April–June", "title": "1495", "revid": 1365256979, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1523, "year_label": "1523 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 27", "text": "May 27 – Swedish War of Liberation: The city of Kalmar in Sweden, occupied by troops of Denmark, falls to a Swedish Army force led by Arvid Västgöte after the city's magistrates agree to leave the northern gate of the city open. Kalmar Castle surrenders on June 4. With the fall of Kalmar, only Stockholm remains as a site of the Danish occupation.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369561167#April–June", "title": "1523", "revid": 1369561167, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1527, "year_label": "1527 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "August 20", "text": "August 20 – Diet of Odense (Denmark): King Frederick I declares religious tolerance for Lutherans, permits marriage of priests and forbids seeking papal pallium (approval) for royal appointments of Church officials.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366980186#July–September", "title": "1527", "revid": 1366980186, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1533, "year_label": "1533 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "April 10", "text": "April 10 – King Frederick I of Denmark, ruler of the Danes since 1523 and later elected, but never crowned, King of Norway, dies at the age of 61. The vacancy leaves a dispute over his successor, which soon becomes the Count's Feud (Grevens Fejde) between the Roman Catholic supporters of the former King Christian II of Denmark, and the Lutheran supporters of Frederick's son, proclaimed to be King Christian III.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359627731#April–June", "title": "1533", "revid": 1359627731, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1535, "year_label": "1535 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 8", "text": "June 8 – Battle of Bornholm: Combined Swedish and Danish fleets defeat the Hanseatic navy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369561145#April–June", "title": "1535", "revid": 1369561145, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1536, "year_label": "1536 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 29", "text": "July 29 – The Count's Feud ends when Copenhagen surrenders to King Christian III of Denmark. On August 6 he marches into the city and on August 12 arrests the country's bishops, thus consolidating the Protestant Reformation in Denmark.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366494676#July–September", "title": "1536", "revid": 1366494676, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1589, "year_label": "1589 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "February 26", "text": "February 26 – Valkendorfs Kollegium is founded in Copenhagen, Denmark.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359971295#January–March", "title": "1589", "revid": 1359971295, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1597, "year_label": "1597 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "August 24", "text": "August 24 – Christian IV of Denmark-Norway refuses to let Tycho Brahe return to Denmark.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362801855#July–September", "title": "1597", "revid": 1362801855, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1612, "year_label": "1612 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 11", "text": "February 11 – Battle of Vittsjö: King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden and 3,000 of his troops are forced to retreat from Denmark. The 17-year old king almost drowns while attempting to ride his horse across a frozen lake, but is rescued by two other members of his cavalry. The horse is lost.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366306597#January–March", "title": "1612", "revid": 1366306597, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1613, "year_label": "1613 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 20", "text": "January 20 – King James I of England successfully mediates the Treaty of Knäred between Denmark and Sweden.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366649732#January–March", "title": "1613", "revid": 1366649732, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1624, "year_label": "1624 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "December 24", "text": "December 24 – Denmark's first postal service is launched by order of King Christian IV.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1331350573#October–December", "title": "1624", "revid": 1331350573, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1658, "year_label": "1658 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 25", "text": "December 25 – Polish and Danish forces defeat a Swedish Army in the Battle of Kolding in Denmark.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365986033#October–December", "title": "1658", "revid": 1365986033, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1670, "year_label": "1670 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 11", "text": "July 11 – Representatives of England (led by King Charles II) and Denmark (led by King Christian V) sign a treaty of alliance and commerce, the Treaty of Copenhagen.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368809725#July–September", "title": "1670", "revid": 1368809725, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1677, "year_label": "1677 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 14", "text": "July 14 – Battle of Landskrona: Sweden and its 13,000 troops, under the command of King Charles XI, successfully repel a 12,000-man invasion force from Denmark, commanded by King Christian V.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360727449#July–September", "title": "1677", "revid": 1360727449, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1677, "year_label": "1677 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 31", "text": "May 31 – Scanian War: Battle of Møn – Danish ships clash with a Swedish fleet under Niels Juel, between Fehmarn and Warnemünde; the Danish defeat the Swedish and capture a number of ships.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360727449#April–June", "title": "1677", "revid": 1360727449, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1677, "year_label": "1677 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 17", "text": "September 17 – Troops from Denmark invade and capture the Swedish island of Rügen and drive out the local population. Five months later, on January 18, 1678, Sweden recaptures the island. Nine months later, troops from Denmark and Brandenburg invade for a third time and capture the island again on October 22, 1678. Eight months later, Denmark is given the island back under a treaty ending the Swedish-Brandenburg War on June 29, but by then, the island of Rügen is in ruins. In modern times, the island becomes a vacation resort in Germany.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360727449#July–September", "title": "1677", "revid": 1360727449, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1693, "year_label": "1693 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "April 4", "text": "April 4 – Anne Palles becomes the last accused witch to be executed for witchcraft in Denmark, after having been convicted of using powers of sorcery. King Christian V accepts her plea not to be burned alive, and she is beheaded before her body is set afire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1343170745#April–June", "title": "1693", "revid": 1343170745, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1703, "year_label": "1703 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 15", "text": "November 15 – Rákóczi's War of Independence: Battle of Zvolen (in modern-day Slovakia) – The Kurucs defeat the Austrians and their allies (Denmark, Hungary and the Serbs).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369923832#October–December", "title": "1703", "revid": 1369923832, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1704, "year_label": "1704 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "November 26", "text": "November 26 – The inauguration of the newly built Kastelskirken takes place in Copenhagen, Denmark.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358992532#October–December", "title": "1704", "revid": 1358992532, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1712, "year_label": "1712 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 20", "text": "December 20 – Great Northern War: the Battle of Gadebusch is Sweden's final great victory in the war, preventing the loss of the city of Stralsund to Danish and Saxon forces.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367964331#October–December", "title": "1712", "revid": 1367964331, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1717, "year_label": "1717 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "December 24", "text": "December 24–25 – Christmas flood: A disastrous flood hits the North Sea coast, between the Netherlands and Denmark; thousands die or lose their houses.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366802832#October–December", "title": "1717", "revid": 1366802832, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1749, "year_label": "1749 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "January 3", "text": "January 3 – The first issue of Berlingske, Denmark's oldest continually operating newspaper, is published.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360727483#January–March", "title": "1749", "revid": 1360727483, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1757, "year_label": "1757 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "March 30", "text": "March 30 – The Rigshospitalet, national hospital of Denmark, is founded at Copenhagen.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370632620#January–March", "title": "1757", "revid": 1370632620, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1772, "year_label": "1772 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "January 17", "text": "January 17 – Johann Friedrich Struensee and Queen Caroline Matilda are arrested, leading to his execution and her banishment from Denmark.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362979438#January–March", "title": "1772", "revid": 1362979438, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1780, "year_label": "1780 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 11", "text": "March 11 – The First League of Armed Neutrality is formed by Russia with Denmark and Sweden to try to prevent the British Royal Navy from searching neutral vessels for contraband (February 28 O.S.).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370564554#January–March", "title": "1780", "revid": 1370564554, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1828, "year_label": "1828 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 26", "text": "April 26 – The Treaty of Commerce and Navigation is signed between Brazil and Denmark, establishing diplomatic relations between the two countries.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371323922#April–June", "title": "1828", "revid": 1371323922, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1854, "year_label": "1854 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The Icelandic trade is opened to merchants other than Danes.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362496011#Undated", "title": "1854", "revid": 1362496011, "section": "Events › Undated"}}, {"year": 1864, "year_label": "1864 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 16", "text": "January 16 – Denmark rejects an Austrian-Prussian ultimatum to repeal the Danish Constitution, which says that Schleswig-Holstein is part of Denmark.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369213895#January", "title": "1864", "revid": 1369213895, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1931, "year_label": "1931 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 22", "text": "April 22 – Austria, the UK, Denmark, Germany, Italy, Sweden and the United States recognize the Spanish Republic.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371310518#April", "title": "1931", "revid": 1371310518, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1935, "year_label": "1935 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "April 11", "text": "April 11 – The 1935 Danish general election is held, resulting in Thorvald Stauning becoming the first Social Democratic Prime Minister of Denmark.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370722923#April", "title": "1935", "revid": 1370722923, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1973, "year_label": "1973 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "January 1", "text": "January 1 – The United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland, and Denmark enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the European Union.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373239256#January", "title": "1973", "revid": 1373239256, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1989, "year_label": "1989 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "June 1", "text": "June 1–10 – Pope John Paul II visits Norway, Iceland, Finland, Denmark and Sweden.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369557705#June", "title": "1989", "revid": 1369557705, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 2000, "year_label": "2000 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "July 1", "text": "July 1 – The Øresund Bridge between Denmark and Sweden is officially opened for traffic.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371541477#July", "title": "2000", "revid": 1371541477, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 2010, "year_label": "2010 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "November 29", "text": "November 29 – The European Union agree to an €85 billion rescue deal for Ireland from the European Financial Stability Facility, the International Monetary Fund and bilateral loans from the United Kingdom, Denmark and Sweden.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372829682#November", "title": "2010", "revid": 1372829682, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 2015, "year_label": "2015 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "February 14", "text": "February 14–15 – A lone gunman leaves 2 people dead in a terrorist attack in Copenhagen, Denmark.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373300271#February", "title": "2015", "revid": 1373300271, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 2022, "year_label": "2022 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 14", "text": "June 14 – Canada and Denmark end their competing claims for Hans Island by dividing the island roughly in half, ending what was referred to as the Whisky War.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371998228#June", "title": "2022", "revid": 1371998228, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 2023, "year_label": "2023 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 31", "text": "December 31 – Queen Margrethe II of Denmark announces her abdication effective January 14, 2024, after 52 years on the throne.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372811827#December", "title": "2023", "revid": 1372811827, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 2025, "year_label": "2025 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "January 14", "text": "January 14 – February 2 – The 2025 World Men's Handball Championship is held in Croatia, Denmark and Norway, and is won by Denmark.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372865033#January", "title": "2025", "revid": 1372865033, "section": "Events › January"}}]}