{"slug": "duchy-of-naples", "label": "Duchy of Naples", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duchy_of_Naples", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051600", "qid": "Q1051600", "description": "Italian state (661–1137)", "entries": 13, "years": 12, "span": [786, 1137], "span_label": ["786 CE", "1137 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 9}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 3}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "duchy-of-benevento", "label": "Duchy of Benevento", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-italy-holy-roman-empire", "label": "Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "monte-cassino", "label": "Monte Cassino", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "roger-ii-of-sicily", "label": "Roger II of Sicily", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "bari", "label": "Bari", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "principality-of-capua", "label": "Principality of Capua", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "capua", "label": "Capua", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "rome", "label": "Rome", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "sardinia", "label": "Sardinia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "saracen", "label": "Saracen", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "piracy", "label": "Piracy", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "fortification", "label": "Fortification", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 786, "year_label": "786 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "King Charles the Younger, son of Charlemagne and ruler of Aquitaine, visits Monte Cassino and Capua, both in Beneventan territory. Prince Arechis II, feeling threatened by the Franks, decides that he needs to stop quarrelling with the Byzantine Duchy of Naples so he can focus on the Frankish foe. Prince Arechis II therefore signs a peace agreement, or 'pactum', with the Duchy of Naples.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848276#Europe", "title": "786", "revid": 1340848276, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 836, "year_label": "836 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 4", "text": "July 4 – Pactum Sicardi: Prince Sicard of Benevento signs a 5-year armistice with the duchies of Sorrento, Naples and Amalfi. He recognizes the trade of merchants among the three cities in Southern Italy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350026626#Europe", "title": "836", "revid": 1350026626, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 849, "year_label": "849 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Summer – Battle of Ostia: A Saracen Arab fleet from Sardinia sets sail towards Rome. In response, Pope Leo IV forms a coalition of maritime Italian cities, including Naples, Amalfi and Gaeta, led by Admiral Caesar — which is assembled off the re-fortified port of Ostia — and repels the Saracen marauders. Their navy is scattered, resulting in many sunken vessels. Rome is saved from plunder and the expansion of the Aghlabids.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341129155#Europe", "title": "849", "revid": 1341129155, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 898, "year_label": "898 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Athanasius, bishop and duke of Naples", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1346095520#Deaths", "title": "898", "revid": 1346095520, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 908, "year_label": "908 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Duke Atenulf I (the Great) of Benevento attacks the Saracens at the Garigliano River, with the assistance of Naples and Amalfi. Crossing the river, Atenulf defeats an Arab army and reaches the walls of their fortified camp. However, the sudden withdrawal of the Neapolitans renders the siege useless.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364468131#Europe", "title": "908", "revid": 1364468131, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 937, "year_label": "937 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "A Hungarian army invades Burgundy, and burns the city of Tournus. Then they go southwards to Italy, pillaging the environs of Naples, Benevento and Monte Cassino. When the Hungarians return home, they are attacked in the Apennine Mountains by Lombard forces, losing their plunder (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367668437#Europe", "title": "937", "revid": 1367668437, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 968, "year_label": "968 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "John III, duke of Naples (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364919231#Deaths", "title": "968", "revid": 1364919231, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 969, "year_label": "969 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Pandulf Ironhead, duke of Benevento and Capua, leads the siege of Bovino. He is captured by the Byzantines and taken in chains to Bari, and jailed in Constantinople. Neapolitan forces under Marinus II, duke of Naples, invade Benevento-Capua, capture the city of Avellino and then lay siege to Capua.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365590679#Europe", "title": "969", "revid": 1365590679, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1029, "year_label": "1029 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Prince Pandulf IV of Capua becomes the de facto ruler of southern Italy – holding Capua and Naples himself – this in support with his powerful allies Amalfi, Salerno and Benevento. Only the Duchy of Gaeta remains out of his grasp.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363085319#Europe", "title": "1029", "revid": 1363085319, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1036, "year_label": "1036 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Summer – In Naples, Duke Sergius IV abdicates and retires to a monastery; he is succeeded by his son John V.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342215297#Europe", "title": "1036", "revid": 1342215297, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1129, "year_label": "1129 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September", "text": "September – Roger II of Sicily gains recognition as duke at Melfi from the Norman nobles of Naples, Bari, Capua, Salerno and other cities that have resisted him.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1329978071#Europe", "title": "1129", "revid": 1329978071, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1137, "year_label": "1137 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 30", "text": "October 30 – Battle of Rignano: Sergius VII, duke (magister militum) of Naples, is defeated by the Sicilian forces under King Roger II of Sicily. Sergius is killed and Roger establishes direct control over Naples – nominating his 17-year-old son Alfonso of Capua as the new duke.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362157430#Europe", "title": "1137", "revid": 1362157430, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1137, "year_label": "1137 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "October 30", "text": "October 30 – Sergius VII, duke of Naples", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362157430#Deaths", "title": "1137", "revid": 1362157430, "section": "Deaths"}}]}