{"slug": "durres", "label": "Durrës", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durr%C3%ABs", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83285", "qid": "Q83285", "description": "city in Albania", "entries": 15, "years": 15, "span": [-626, 1368], "span_label": ["627 BCE", "1368 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 10}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 2}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 2}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "byzantine-empire", "label": "Byzantine Empire", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "albania", "label": "Albania", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "constantinople", "label": "Constantinople", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "illyria", "label": "Illyria", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "bohemond-i-of-antioch", "label": "Bohemond I of Antioch", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "corfu", "label": "Corfu", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "rome", "label": "Rome", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "epirus", "label": "Epirus", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "despotate-of-epirus", "label": "Despotate of Epirus", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "robert-guiscard", "label": "Robert Guiscard", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "thessaloniki", "label": "Thessaloniki", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-croatia-9251102", "label": "Kingdom of Croatia (925–1102)", "shared": 2}], "items": [{"year": -626, "year_label": "627 BCE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Traditional date for the foundation of Epidamnus by Corinth, today Durrës in Albania.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370510220#Events", "title": "627 BC", "revid": 1370510220, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": -47, "year_label": "48 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 4", "text": "January 4 – Julius Caesar lands at Dyrrhachium (Durazzo).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1300612578#Roman_Republic", "title": "48 BC", "revid": 1300612578, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": 914, "year_label": "914 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Summer – Byzantine–Bulgarian War: Simeon I, with the Bulgarian army, invades the themes of Thrace and Macedonia. Simultaneously, the Bulgarian troops penetrate into the regions of Dyrrhachium and Thessalonica to the west. Thrace's largest and most important city, Adrianople (modern Turkey), is besieged and captured. However, the Byzantines promptly regain the city in exchange for a huge ransom.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355643516#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "914", "revid": 1355643516, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 998, "year_label": "998 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Croatian–Bulgarian War: Emperor Samuel launches a military campaign against the Kingdom of Croatia to prevent an alliance between the Serbian principality and the Byzantines. He seizes Dyrrachium (modern-day Durrës in Albania) and advances along the Dalmatian coast. The Bulgarian army is forced to withdraw into Croatian hinterlands (now part of Bosnia and Herzegovina), after the Siege of Zadar.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365593041#Europe", "title": "998", "revid": 1365593041, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1059, "year_label": "1059 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Peter Krešimir IV is crowned king of Croatia and Dalmatia. His coronation is recognised by the Byzantine Empire who confirm him as the supreme ruler of the Dalmatian cities, i.e. over the Theme of Dalmatia – excluding the theme of Ragusa and the Duchy of Durazzo.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1271111243#Europe", "title": "1059", "revid": 1271111243, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1081, "year_label": "1081 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 18", "text": "October 18 – Battle of Dyrrhachium: After taking the island of Corfu, Robert Guiscard advances to Dyrrhachium (modern-day Durrës), and lays siege to the city. Alexios I Komnenos attempts to defend Illyria from the Normans (the first recorded mention of Albania), but is defeated by Guiscard, outside Dyrrhachium, the Byzantine capital city of Illyria.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1312347020#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "1081", "revid": 1312347020, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 1082, "year_label": "1082 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Spring – The Normans under Duke Robert Guiscard take Dyrrhachium (modern-day Durrës) in Illyria and advance inland, capturing most of Macedonia and Thessaly. Robert is forced to leave Greece to deal with an uprising in Italy. He leaves his son Bohemond in charge of the army, who lays siege to the city of Larissa. Emperor Alexios I Komnenos mobilizes a new army, and with the support of 7,000 Seljuk Turks he clears Thessaly from the Normans.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267070113#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "1082", "revid": 1267070113, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 1096, "year_label": "1096 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "August", "text": "August – Hugh (\"the Great\"), count of Vermandois (a brother of King Philip I), departs to join the First Crusade. He travels with a small army via the Alps to Rome. While sailing the Adriatic Sea from Bari to Dyrrachium his fleet is reduced by shipwreck. Hugh's own ship is stranded on the shore near Epirus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365266324#First_Crusade", "title": "1096", "revid": 1365266324, "section": "Events › By place › First Crusade"}}, {"year": 1097, "year_label": "1097 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Spring – The Crusaders under Godfrey of Bouillon attack the Byzantine imperial palace at Blachernae. Norman forces led by Bohemond I join the Crusaders – he is not welcome in Constantinople because his father, Robert Guiscard, has invaded Illyria (territory belonging to the Byzantine Empire), and captured the cities of Dyrrhachium and Corfu (see 1084).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365268080#First_Crusade", "title": "1097", "revid": 1365268080, "section": "Events › By place › First Crusade"}}, {"year": 1107, "year_label": "1107 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 9", "text": "October 9 – Bohemond I, prince of Antioch, lands with his army (some 34,000 men) in Epirus near Avlona. He plunders the countryside and marches to Dyrrhachium (modern Albania).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365266728#Europe", "title": "1107", "revid": 1365266728, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1203, "year_label": "1203 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "April 20", "text": "April 20 – The Crusader army evacuates Zara (modern Zadar) and sets sail to Corfu; Boniface of Montferrat and Doge Enrico Dandolo stay behind to await Prince Alexios Angelos. After a brief pause at Durrës (modern Albania), the fleet reaches Corfu. Meanwhile, news of its approach (through spies) has reached Emperor Alexios III Angelos at Constantinople. He gives order to strengthen the city walls and the fortifications.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369187440#Fourth_Crusade", "title": "1203", "revid": 1369187440, "section": "Events › By place › Fourth Crusade"}}, {"year": 1217, "year_label": "1217 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "April 9", "text": "April 9 – Peter II of Courtenay is crowned emperor of the Latin Empire of Constantinople at Rome, by Pope Honorius III. Shortly after his coronation, Peter borrows some ships from the Venetians, promising in return to conquer Durazzo for them. He fails in this enterprise and seeks to make his way to Constantinople by land. On the journey, he is seized by troops of Theodore Komnenos Doukas, despot of Epirus, and is put in prison.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367488093#Europe", "title": "1217", "revid": 1367488093, "section": "Events › Other events by place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1257, "year_label": "1257 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Spring – The Epirote–Nicaean conflict (1257–59) begins between the Despotate of Epirus and the Empire of Nicaea. Despot Michael II Komnenos Doukas revolts and defeats the Nicaean army under George Akropolites. The Epirote and Serbian forces join their attacks against Michael, who sends his forces into Macedonia and marches on to Thessalonica. In response, Michael is attacked – on the west coast of Epirus – by Manfred of Sicily. Manfred first occupies the major Ionian Islands, including Corfu. Then he lands on the Albanian coast and takes Durazzo, Berat, Valona and their environs.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350011805#Europe", "title": "1257", "revid": 1350011805, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1272, "year_label": "1272 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February", "text": "February – Charles I of Anjou, king of Sicily, occupies the city of Durrës, and establishes the Angevin Kingdom of Albania. A delegation of Albanian nobles and citizens from Durrës make their way to Charles' court.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362176275#Europe", "title": "1272", "revid": 1362176275, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1368, "year_label": "1368 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Durrës, the second-largest city in modern-day Albania (at this time known as Dyrrhachium), is captured from the Angevins by Karl Thopia, a powerful feudal prince and warlord.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371792677#Date_unknown", "title": "1368", "revid": 1371792677, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}]}