{"slug": "edward-i", "label": "Edward I", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_I", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57798", "qid": "Q57798", "description": "King of England from 1272 to 1307", "entries": 9, "years": 7, "span": [1239, 1291], "span_label": ["1239 CE", "1291 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 3}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 2}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 2}, {"title": "Births", "count": 1}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "wales", "label": "Wales", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "simon-de-montfort-6th-earl-of-leicester", "label": "Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "henry-iii-of-england", "label": "Henry III of England", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "palace-of-westminster", "label": "Palace of Westminster", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "france-in-the-middle-ages", "label": "France in the Middle Ages", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "chester", "label": "Chester", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "windsor-castle", "label": "Windsor Castle", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "llywelyn-ap-gruffudd", "label": "Llywelyn ap Gruffudd", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "edward-ii", "label": "Edward II", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "prince-of-wales", "label": "Prince of Wales", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "edward-the-confessor", "label": "Edward the Confessor", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "eleanor-of-provence", "label": "Eleanor of Provence", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1239, "year_label": "1239 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 17", "text": "June 17 or June 18 – Edward I (\"Longshanks\"), first son of King Henry III of England and Queen Eleanor of Provence, is born at the Palace of Westminster. Henry names him after Edward the Confessor and chooses Simon de Montfort as his godfather.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368650554#England", "title": "1239", "revid": 1368650554, "section": "Events › By place › England"}}, {"year": 1241, "year_label": "1241 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Eleanor of Castile, queen of Edward I of England (d. 1290)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362486166#Births", "title": "1241", "revid": 1362486166, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1272, "year_label": "1272 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 16", "text": "June 16 – The Lord Edward, heir to the English throne, prevents an assassination attempt on himself at Acre. A Syrian Nizari (or Assassin) supposedly sent by Baibars penetrates into the prince's chamber and stabs him with a poisoned dagger. The wound is not fatal, but Edward is seriously ill for some months. Baibars hastens to dissociate himself from the deed by sending his congratulations on the prince's escape.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362176275#Levant", "title": "1272", "revid": 1362176275, "section": "Events › By place › Levant"}}, {"year": 1272, "year_label": "1272 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "November 16", "text": "November 16 – King Henry III of England dies at the Palace of Westminster after a 56-year reign. He is succeeded by his son Edward I, who slowly returns from the Holy Land via Gascony.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362176275#England", "title": "1272", "revid": 1362176275, "section": "Events › By place › England"}}, {"year": 1275, "year_label": "1275 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Spring – King Edward I of England (\"Longshanks\") demands a meeting with Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, prince of Wales, at Chester to pay homage, but Llywelyn refuses. In an attempt to stir up internal problems, Llywelyn seeks to marry 23-year-old Eleanor de Montfort, daughter of Simon de Montfort, but she is captured by English pirates (employed by Edward) on the journey from France to meet Llywelyn. She is held prisoner at Windsor Castle and used as a bargaining chip over the coming years in Edward's attempts to subjugate Llywelyn and Wales.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365270169#British_Isles", "title": "1275", "revid": 1365270169, "section": "Events › By place › British Isles"}}, {"year": 1275, "year_label": "1275 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 22", "text": "April 22 – The first Statute of Westminster, drawn up between Parliament and Edward I, defines the legal privileges that landowners are allowed. These are based on the investigations carried out in 1274 into the landowner's rights to own their land. Establishing a series of laws into 51 chapters, including equal treatment of rich and poor, free and fair elections, and definition of Bailable and non-bailable offenses.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365270169#British_Isles", "title": "1275", "revid": 1365270169, "section": "Events › By place › British Isles"}}, {"year": 1284, "year_label": "1284 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 3", "text": "March 3 – Statute of Rhuddlan: King Edward I of England brings Wales under direct rule after the Welsh Wars (1277–1283). He appoints sheriffs and bailiffs for the northern territories while the southern areas are left under the control of the Marcher Lords. English law is introduced in criminal cases, though the Welsh are allowed to maintain their customary laws in some cases of property disputes. He arranges a Round Table (tournament) at Nefyn in Wales and promises the Welsh that he will provide them with a Prince of Wales. On April 25, his son, the future Edward II of England, is born at Caernarfon Castle in Wales.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370723758#British_Isles", "title": "1284", "revid": 1370723758, "section": "Events › By place › British Isles"}}, {"year": 1288, "year_label": "1288 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 28", "text": "October 28 – Treaty of Canfranc: King Edward I signs an agreement with Alfonso III at Canfranc, about the release of Charles II, who has been captured by Admiral Roger of Lauria in the Battle of the Gulf of Naples (see 1284).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367964096#Europe", "title": "1288", "revid": 1367964096, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1291, "year_label": "1291 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Spring – Several nobles unsuccessfully claim the Scottish throne (a process known as the 'Great Cause'), including John Balliol, Robert de Brus, John Hastings and William de Vesci. Fearing civil war, the Guardians of Scotland ask King Edward I of England to arbitrate. Before agreeing, he obtains concessions to revive English overlordship over the Scots.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363454369#Britain", "title": "1291", "revid": 1363454369, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}]}