{"slug": "exeter", "label": "Exeter", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exeter", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134672", "qid": "Q134672", "description": "city in Devon, England", "entries": 14, "years": 14, "span": [50, 1688], "span_label": ["50 CE", "1688 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 9}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 2}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 2}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "alfred-the-great", "label": "Alfred the Great", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "vikings", "label": "Vikings", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "denmark", "label": "Denmark", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "great-heathen-army", "label": "Great Heathen Army", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "guthrum", "label": "Guthrum", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-east-anglia", "label": "Kingdom of East Anglia", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "cornwall", "label": "Cornwall", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "devon", "label": "Devon", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "london", "label": "London", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "wales", "label": "Wales", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "roman-britain", "label": "Roman Britain", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "dorset", "label": "Dorset", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 50, "year_label": "50 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "In Britain, governor Publius Ostorius Scapula begins his campaign against the recalcitrant Silures of south Wales, who are led by the former Catuvellaunian prince Caratacus. London (Londinium), Exeter (Isca Dumnoniorum), Tripontium (near modern Rugby) and the fort of Manduessedum (near modern Atherstone) are founded (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373339620#Britain", "title": "50s", "revid": 1373339620, "section": "Events › 50 AD › Britain"}}, {"year": 614, "year_label": "614 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Battle of Bampton: King Cynegils of Wessex defeats the invading Britons in Dumnonia (modern Devon). They use the Roman road eastward from Exeter to Dorchester, and are intercepted by the West Saxons marching south.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364752346#Britain", "title": "614", "revid": 1364752346, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 630, "year_label": "630 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "King Penda of Mercia besieges Exeter in southwest England. King Cadwallon ap Cadfan of Gwynedd lands with a force nearby, and negotiates an alliance with Penda.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340803540#Britain", "title": "630", "revid": 1340803540, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 680, "year_label": "680 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Boniface begins his education at an English Celtic Christian monastery, probably in Exeter near his birthplace and one of many monasteriola built by local landowners and churchmen.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1331672551#Religion", "title": "680", "revid": 1331672551, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 876, "year_label": "876 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Great Heathen Army, led by Guthrum, captures the fortress of Wareham (Dorset), and is met by a Viking army (3,500 men) from the sea, which lands at Poole Harbour. King Alfred the Great traps the Vikings, and demands hostages in return for a peace agreement. The Danes divide their forces; half flees to Exeter, where they besiege the town while the other half escape in their ships, but are lost in a storm near Swanage.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267070562#Britain", "title": "876", "revid": 1267070562, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 877, "year_label": "877 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Autumn – King Alfred the Great raises a large force, and marches on the Viking camp at the city of Exeter. His army besieges the Great Summer Army, led by Guthrum, and forces the Vikings to surrender. They flee north to Gloucester, and settle in the Five Boroughs (modern East Midlands).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267071400#Britain", "title": "877", "revid": 1267071400, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 893, "year_label": "893 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Spring – Prince Edward, the son of King Alfred the Great, defeats the Danish Viking raiders at Farnham, and forces them to take refuge on Thorney Island. At the same time, Danes from East Anglia sail around the Cornish coast, and besiege Exeter.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364917563#Britain", "title": "893", "revid": 1364917563, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 894, "year_label": "894 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Vikings in Northumbria and East Anglia swear allegiance and hand over hostages to King Alfred the Great, but promptly break their truce by attacking the southwest of England. A Viking force returns from Exeter and sails along the coast, in an attempt to plunder Chichester. They are defeated by the Saxon garrison, losing many ships and men.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341130298#Britain", "title": "894", "revid": 1341130298, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 1050, "year_label": "1050 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "King Edward the Confessor unites the English dioceses of Devon and Cornwall. He moves the see from Crediton to Exeter and gives the order to build a cathedral. Leofric becomes the first bishop of Exeter.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368550668#Religion", "title": "1050", "revid": 1368550668, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1067, "year_label": "1067 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Winter – William I marches on Exeter, which he besieges. The city holds out for 18 days, and after its fall William builds Rougemont Castle there to secure the region.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365260536#England", "title": "1067", "revid": 1365260536, "section": "Events › By place › England"}}, {"year": 1068, "year_label": "1068 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Siege of Exeter: Norman forces under King William I (the Conqueror) take the city of Exeter after a siege of 18-days.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372127712#England", "title": "1068", "revid": 1372127712, "section": "Events › By place › England"}}, {"year": 1682, "year_label": "1682 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "August 25", "text": "August 25 – Following the Bideford witch trial, three women (probably) become the penultimate known to be hanged for witchcraft in England, at Exeter.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369560956#July–September", "title": "1682", "revid": 1369560956, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1685, "year_label": "1685 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "Alice Molland becomes the last known person in England to be sentenced to death for witchcraft, in Exeter.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369485499#Date_unknown", "title": "1685", "revid": 1369485499, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1688, "year_label": "1688 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 19", "text": "November 19 (November 9 OS) – William of Orange captures Exeter, after the magistrates flee the city.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373154069#October–December", "title": "1688", "revid": 1373154069, "section": "Events › October–December"}}]}