{"slug": "ferdinand-ii-of-aragon", "label": "Ferdinand II of Aragon", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_II_of_Aragon", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12860", "qid": "Q12860", "description": "King of Aragon, Sicily, Naples, and Valencia (1452-1516)", "entries": 37, "years": 25, "span": [1469, 1516], "span_label": ["1469 CE", "1516 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 11}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 6}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 5}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 5}, {"title": "Births", "count": 4}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 3}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 2}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "isabella-i-of-castile", "label": "Isabella I of Castile", "shared": 17}, {"slug": "crown-of-castile", "label": "Crown of Castile", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "afonso-v-of-portugal", "label": "Afonso V of Portugal", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "philip-the-handsome", "label": "Philip the Handsome", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-france", "label": "Kingdom of France", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-aragon", "label": "Kingdom of Aragon", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "louis-xii", "label": "Louis XII", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "naples", "label": "Naples", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "valladolid", "label": "Valladolid", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "john-ii-of-aragon", "label": "John II of Aragon", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "spain", "label": "Spain", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "africa", "label": "Africa", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1469, "year_label": "1469 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "October 19", "text": "October 19 – Ferdinand II of Aragon marries Isabella I of Castile in Valladolid, bringing about a dynastic union.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365666063#October–December", "title": "1469", "revid": 1365666063, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1470, "year_label": "1470 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "October 2", "text": "October 2 – Isabella of Aragon, Queen of Portugal, daughter of Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon (d. 1498)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359853032#Births", "title": "1470", "revid": 1359853032, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1474, "year_label": "1474 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "December 12", "text": "December 12 – Upon the death of Henry IV of Castile, a civil war ensues between his designated successor Isabella I of Castile, and her niece Juana, who is supported by her husband, Afonso V of Portugal. Isabella wins the civil war after a lengthy struggle, when her husband, the newly crowned Ferdinand II of Aragon, comes to her aid.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364765261#October–December", "title": "1474", "revid": 1364765261, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1475, "year_label": "1475 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 3", "text": "April 3 – While in Valladolid, capital of the Kingdom of Castile and León, to celebrate a tournament in their honor, the joint rulers of Castile, Queen Isabella and King Fernando II are interrupted by a messenger sent by King Afonso V of Portugal. King Afonso announces a declaration of war against the crown of Castile and León.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369334832#April–June", "title": "1475", "revid": 1369334832, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1475, "year_label": "1475 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "January 15", "text": "January 15 – At Madrid, Queen Isabella I of Castile, who had been crowned on December 11, declares her husband Prince Fernando de Aragón to be the joint ruler with her, and is proclaimed as King Fernando V of Castile. Fernando, the oldest son and heir to the throne of King Juan II of Aragon, will make Isabella co-ruler of Aragon when he ascends the throne upon his father's death in 1479.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369334832#January–March", "title": "1475", "revid": 1369334832, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1478, "year_label": "1478 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "June 30", "text": "June 30 – John, Prince of Asturias, Son of Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile (d. 1497)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359855585#Births", "title": "1478", "revid": 1359855585, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1479, "year_label": "1479 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 20", "text": "January 20 – Fernando II already co-ruler of Crown of Castile with his wife, Isabella I, becomes the King of Aragon upon the death of his father, King Juan II of Aragon and Navarre. He and Isabella rule together over Aragon and Castile, unifying the two kingdoms and controlling most of the Iberian Peninsula. At the same time, King Juan's daughter, Leonor de Trastámara, who had served as regent during times when her father was away fighting in war, becomes Queen of Navarre.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359855824#January–March", "title": "1479", "revid": 1359855824, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1479, "year_label": "1479 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "November 6", "text": "November 6 – Joanna of Castile, Queen of Philip the Handsome, daughter of Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon (d. 1555)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359855824#Births", "title": "1479", "revid": 1359855824, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1480, "year_label": "1480 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 6", "text": "March 6 – The Treaty of Toledo is signed as Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain recognize the African conquests of Afonso V of Portugal, and he cedes the Canary Islands to Spain.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370179650#January–March", "title": "1480", "revid": 1370179650, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1480, "year_label": "1480 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "September 27", "text": "September 27 – The co-rulers of most of Spain, Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile initiate the Spanish Inquisition to look for heretics and unconverted Jews, appointing the Dominican Order clerics Miguel de Morillo and Juan de San Martín to serve as the first two inquisitors.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370179650#July–September", "title": "1480", "revid": 1370179650, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1482, "year_label": "1482 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "June 29", "text": "June 29 – Maria of Aragon, Queen of Manuel I of Portugal, daughter of Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile (d. 1517)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368493356#Births", "title": "1482", "revid": 1368493356, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1492, "year_label": "1492 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "January 16", "text": "January 16 – Antonio de Nebrija publishes Gramática de la lengua castellana, the first grammar text for the Castilian Spanish language, in Salamanca, which he introduces to the Catholic Monarchs, Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon, newly restored to power in Andalusia, as \"a tool of empire\".", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366150846#January—March", "title": "1492", "revid": 1366150846, "section": "Events › January—March"}}, {"year": 1492, "year_label": "1492 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 2", "text": "January 2 – Fall of Granada: Muhammad XI, the last Emir of Granada, surrenders his city to the army of the Catholic Monarchs (Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile) after a lengthy siege, ending the ten-year Granada War and the centuries-long Reconquista, and bringing an end to 780 years of Muslim control in Al-Andalus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366150846#January—March", "title": "1492", "revid": 1366150846, "section": "Events › January—March"}}, {"year": 1493, "year_label": "1493 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 19", "text": "January 19 – In the Treaty of Barcelona, King Charles VIII of France returns Cerdagne and Roussillon to King Ferdinand of Aragon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371631093#January–March", "title": "1493", "revid": 1371631093, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1495, "year_label": "1495 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 28", "text": "June 28 – Battle of Seminara: The deposed King Ferdinand II of Naples and the reigning Spanish King Ferdinand II of Aragon, with forces commanded by Gonzalo Fernandez, are defeated by a French army commanded by Bernard Stewart, Lord of Aubigny.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365256979#April–June", "title": "1495", "revid": 1365256979, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1496, "year_label": "1496 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "October 20", "text": "October 20 – Joanna of Castile, second daughter of Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile, heiress to Castile, marries the archduke Philip, heir through his mother to the Burgundian Netherlands, and through his father to the Holy Roman Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371631969#October–December", "title": "1496", "revid": 1371631969, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1497, "year_label": "1497 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "October 4", "text": "October 4 – John, Prince of Asturias, only son of Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile (b. 1478)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372862240#Deaths", "title": "1497", "revid": 1372862240, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1498, "year_label": "1498 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 23", "text": "August 23 – Isabella of Aragon, Queen of Portugal, eldest daughter of Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon (b. 1470)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363338704#Deaths", "title": "1498", "revid": 1363338704, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1500, "year_label": "1500 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 11", "text": "November 11 – Treaty of Granada: Louis XII of France and Ferdinand II of Aragon agree to divide the Kingdom of Naples between them.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371377541#October–December", "title": "1500", "revid": 1371377541, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1504, "year_label": "1504 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "February 14", "text": "February 14 – King Ferdinand V of Castile contracts with Juan de la Cosa to finance an independent expedition to the Pearl Islands and the Gulf of Urabá.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365936803#January–March", "title": "1504", "revid": 1365936803, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1504, "year_label": "1504 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 31", "text": "January 31 – Treaty of Lyon: France cedes Naples to Ferdinand II of Aragon, who becomes King of Naples as Ferdinand III.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365936803#January–March", "title": "1504", "revid": 1365936803, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1504, "year_label": "1504 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "September 13", "text": "September 13 – Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand issue a Royal Warrant for the construction of Capilla Real, a Royal Chapel, to be built in Granada.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365936803#July–September", "title": "1504", "revid": 1365936803, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1505, "year_label": "1505 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 24", "text": "November 24 – The Treaty of Salamanca is signed by Spain's King Ferdinand II of Aragon and Philip, Duke of Burgundy, agreeing that the two will serve as co-regents for Joanna the Mad, Queen of Castile.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360582113#October–December", "title": "1505", "revid": 1360582113, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1507, "year_label": "1507 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 20", "text": "July 20 – King Ferdinand II of Aragon returns to Valencia to resume his rule of his Spanish kingdom.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367240730#July—September", "title": "1507", "revid": 1367240730, "section": "Events › July—September"}}, {"year": 1507, "year_label": "1507 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "June 4", "text": "June 4 – Having been denied recognition by Pope Julius II as King of Naples, King Ferdinand II of Aragon departs from Naples to return to his home in Spain.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367240730#April–June", "title": "1507", "revid": 1367240730, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1508, "year_label": "1508 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "December 10", "text": "December 10 – The League of Cambrai is formed as an alliance against the Republic of Venice, between Pope Julius II, Louis XII of France, Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor and Ferdinand II of Aragon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351320572#October–December", "title": "1508", "revid": 1351320572, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1508, "year_label": "1508 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "March 22", "text": "March 22 – Ferdinand II of Aragon appoints Florentine merchant Amerigo Vespucci to the post of Chief Navigator of Spain.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351320572#January–March", "title": "1508", "revid": 1351320572, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1510, "year_label": "1510 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 25", "text": "July 25 – Spanish troops capture Tripoli at the direction of King Ferdinand II of Aragon and under the command of Pedro Navarro.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366972051#July–September", "title": "1510", "revid": 1366972051, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1510, "year_label": "1510 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 5", "text": "June 5 – The Sultan Abu Abdallah V of Tlemcen (now part of Algeria) agrees to pay a demand for tribute to the Ferdinand II, King of Aragon (now part of Spain), prompting Ferdinand to plot an invasion of the neighboring kingdom Ifriqiya and its capital, Tripoli.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366972051#April–June", "title": "1510", "revid": 1366972051, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1511, "year_label": "1511 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Ferdinand II of Aragon observes that \"one black can do the work of four Indians\".", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367291242#Date_unknown", "title": "1511", "revid": 1367291242, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1511, "year_label": "1511 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 17", "text": "November 17 – The Treaty of Westminster creates an alliance between Henry VIII of England and Ferdinand II of Aragon against France. Mallett and Shaw, The Italian Wars, 103; Hutchinson, Young Henry, 159.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367291242#October–December", "title": "1511", "revid": 1367291242, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1512, "year_label": "1512 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 10", "text": "July 10 – King Ferdinand II of Aragon sends Don Fadrique de Toledo, to complete the Spanish conquest of Iberian Navarre.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1323795843#July–September", "title": "1512", "revid": 1323795843, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1512, "year_label": "1512 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 12", "text": "July 12 – The Treaty of Blois is signed in France between representatives of the Spanish Kingdom of Navarre and of the Kingdom of France guaranteeing French intervention to keep Navarre neutral and to prevent an attack by the \"Holy League\" alliance of Pope Julius II and Spain's King Ferdinand II of Aragon and Castile.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1323795843#July–September", "title": "1512", "revid": 1323795843, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1513, "year_label": "1513 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December", "text": "December – Louis attempts to make peace with Spain by offering King Ferdinand the hand of his daughter Renée for one of his grandsons along with renouncing his claims on Naples. The proposal is never accepted.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363949569#October–December", "title": "1513", "revid": 1363949569, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1513, "year_label": "1513 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "January 20", "text": "January 20 – Spanish conquistador Vasco Núñez de Balboa writes a letter to King Ferdinand II of Aragon advocating genocide against the native peoples of the Caribbean islands, and begins the killing of hundreds of residents of Caribbean villages.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363949569#January–March", "title": "1513", "revid": 1363949569, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1515, "year_label": "1515 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Bartolomé de las Casas urges Ferdinand II of Aragon to end Amerindian slavery, and recommends experimental free towns.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362498078#Date_unknown", "title": "1515", "revid": 1362498078, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1516, "year_label": "1516 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 23", "text": "January 23 – With the death of Ferdinand II of Aragon, his grandson, Charles of Ghent, becomes King of Spain; his mother Queen Joanna of Castile also succeeds as Queen of Aragon and co-monarch with Carlos, but remains confined at Tordesillas.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368315851#January–March", "title": "1516", "revid": 1368315851, "section": "Events › January–March"}}]}