{"slug": "francesco-i-sforza", "label": "Francesco I Sforza", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesco_I_Sforza", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310536", "qid": "Q310536", "description": "Italian condottiero and Sforza dynasty founder (1401–1466)", "entries": 12, "years": 9, "span": [1401, 1507], "span_label": ["1401 CE", "1507 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 4}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 2}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 2}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 2}, {"title": "Births", "count": 1}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}], "also_known_as": ["Francesco Sforza"], "related": [{"slug": "duchy-of-milan", "label": "Duchy of Milan", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-naples", "label": "Kingdom of Naples", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "republic-of-venice", "label": "Republic of Venice", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "duke-of-milan", "label": "Duke of Milan", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "italy", "label": "Italy", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "crown-of-aragon", "label": "Crown of Aragon", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "alfonso-v-of-aragon", "label": "Alfonso V of Aragon", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "sigismund-archduke-of-austria", "label": "Sigismund, Archduke of Austria", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "filippo-maria-visconti", "label": "Filippo Maria Visconti", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "milan", "label": "Milan", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "republic-of-florence", "label": "Republic of Florence", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "doge-of-genoa", "label": "Doge of Genoa", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1401, "year_label": "1401 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "July 23", "text": "July 23 – Francesco I Sforza, Italian condottiero (d. 1466)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1347806355#Births", "title": "1401", "revid": 1347806355, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1441, "year_label": "1441 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "October 25", "text": "October 25 – In accordance with the proposals for the Peace of Cremona to end the war between Venice and Milan, Francesco I Sforza of Venice marries Bianca Maria Visconti, daughter of the Duke of Milan. An Italian tradition credits the creation of nougat to the celebration of the wedding.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361382363#October–December", "title": "1441", "revid": 1361382363, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1447, "year_label": "1447 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 13", "text": "August 13 – The Milanese War of Succession begins in Italy when Filippo Maria Visconti, Duke of Milan since 1412, dies from natural causes. In that Visconti had no male heir, he had bequeathed the Duchy to King Afonso V, ruler of the Kingdom of Naples (in Italy) and the Crown of Aragon (in Spain), as well as his son-in-law Francesco I Sforza and Sigismund, Archduke of Austria.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359486325#July_–_September", "title": "1447", "revid": 1359486325, "section": "Events › July – September"}}, {"year": 1447, "year_label": "1447 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 16", "text": "November 16 – In the War of the Milanese Succession, Francesco Sforza, leader of the forces of the Ambrosian Republic of Milan, overwhelms the city of Piacenza after a siege that began on October 1. According to a contemporary account, Piacenza \"endured every evil\" from the Milanese over the next 50 days. Cristoforo da Soldo comments that \"as for the ravaging of the land that was plundered, it would take a great pile of paper to write down the many cruelties. All the churches were robbed.. virgins, married women, widows, and nuns, all of them were shamed, abused and wrongly molested.\"", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359486325#October_–_December", "title": "1447", "revid": 1359486325, "section": "Events › October – December"}}, {"year": 1448, "year_label": "1448 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 15", "text": "September 15 – At the Battle of Caravaggio, the armies of the Ambrosian Republic of Milan, led by Francesco Sforza, defeat those of the Republic of Venice, commanded by Micheletto Attendolo.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367832753#July–September", "title": "1448", "revid": 1367832753, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1450, "year_label": "1450 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 26", "text": "February 26 – Francesco Sforza enters Milan after a siege, becoming Duke of the city-state, and founding a dynasty that will rule Milan for a century.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358834049#January–March", "title": "1450", "revid": 1358834049, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1450, "year_label": "1450 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "March 25", "text": "March 25 – Francesco I Sforza becomes the Duke of Milan, restoring the Duchy of Milan and bringing an end to the Golden Ambrosian Republic that had governed Milan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358834049#January–March", "title": "1450", "revid": 1358834049, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1453, "year_label": "1453 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 15", "text": "August 15 – The Battle of Ghedi is fought in Lombardy as the Duchy of Milan army, led by Francesco Sforza, defeats the troops of the Republic of Venice, led by Jacopo Piccinino.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1337591251#July–September", "title": "1453 events", "revid": 1337591251, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1454, "year_label": "1454 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 9", "text": "April 9 – Treaty of Lodi: Francesco Sforza forms a triple alliance between the Duchy of Milan, the Republic of Florence and Kingdom of Naples.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367365323#April–June", "title": "1454", "revid": 1367365323, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1466, "year_label": "1466 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "March 8", "text": "March 8 – Galeazzo Maria Sforza becomes the new Duke of Milan upon the death of his father Francesco I Sforza, though at the time he is in France in a military expedition to help King Louis XI fight the Duke of Burgundy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340205441#January–March", "title": "1466", "revid": 1340205441, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1466, "year_label": "1466 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 8", "text": "March 8 – Francesco I Sforza, Duke of Milan (b. 1401)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340205441#Deaths", "title": "1466", "revid": 1340205441, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1507, "year_label": "1507 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "April 10", "text": "April 10 – Installed by the Revolutionary Council, Paolo da Novi becomes the first Doge of the Republic of Genoa in almost 19 years, after the office had been made vacant in 1488 by the conqueror Francesco Sforza. He reigns for only 18 days before fleeing from office by French occupation forces on April 28, and the dogeship will remain vacant again for five years.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367240730#April–June", "title": "1507", "revid": 1367240730, "section": "Events › April–June"}}]}