{"slug": "francis-i-of-france", "label": "Francis I of France", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_I_of_France", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129857", "qid": "Q129857", "description": "King of France from 1515 to 1547 (1494-1547)", "entries": 34, "years": 19, "span": [1515, 1547], "span_label": ["1515 CE", "1547 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 11}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 8}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 5}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 5}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 2}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 1}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "charles-v-holy-roman-emperor", "label": "Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor", "shared": 10}, {"slug": "henry-viii", "label": "Henry VIII", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-france", "label": "Kingdom of France", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "france", "label": "France", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "duchy-of-milan", "label": "Duchy of Milan", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "pope-leo-x", "label": "Pope Leo X", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "pope-paul-iii", "label": "Pope Paul III", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "suleiman-the-magnificent", "label": "Suleiman the Magnificent", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "notre-dame-de-paris", "label": "Notre-Dame de Paris", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "bologna", "label": "Bologna", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "rome", "label": "Rome", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "turin", "label": "Turin", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1515, "year_label": "1515 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "December 18", "text": "December 18 – King Francis I of France, victorious in the battle of Marignano in Italy and the new ruler of Milan, begins four days of meetings in Bologna with Pope Leo X. King Francis agrees to ensure the Pope's authority over the Catholic Church in France, and Leo promises to support Francis' claim to the throne of Naples.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362498078#October–December", "title": "1515", "revid": 1362498078, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1515, "year_label": "1515 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 1", "text": "January 1 - King Louis XII of France dies of severe gout after a reign of 17 years, and his son-in-law, François, inherits the throne.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362498078#January–March", "title": "1515", "revid": 1362498078, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1515, "year_label": "1515 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 14", "text": "September 14– The Battle of Marignano concludes after two days as the army of Francis I of France defeats the Swiss mercenaries, thanks to the timely arrival of a Venetian army. The French Army enters the Duchy of Milan on September 17 and reclaims it for King Francis.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362498078#July–September", "title": "1515", "revid": 1362498078, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1516, "year_label": "1516 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Leonardo da Vinci accepts Francis I's invitation to France.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368315851#Date_unknown", "title": "1516", "revid": 1368315851, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1516, "year_label": "1516 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August 13", "text": "August 13 – The Treaty of Noyon is signed. King François I of France recognizes Charles I of Spain's claim to Naples, and Charles recognizes Francis's claim to Milan. The treaty also promised Louise of France to Charles.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368315851#July–September", "title": "1516", "revid": 1368315851, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1516, "year_label": "1516 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "August 18", "text": "August 18 – King Francis I of France and Pope Leo X sign the Concordat of Bologna, agreeing on the relationship between church and state in France.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368315851#July–September", "title": "1516", "revid": 1368315851, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1516, "year_label": "1516 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "February 18", "text": "February 18 – After two months in Bologna, part of the Papal States in Italy, Pope Leo X concludes two months of negotiation with King François I of France. Their talks result in the abrogation of the French Pragmatic Sanction, and the conclusion of a new Concordat between the Papacy and France.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368315851#January–March", "title": "1516", "revid": 1368315851, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1520, "year_label": "1520 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 7", "text": "June 7 – King Henry VIII of England and King Francis I of France meet at the famous Field of the Cloth of Gold.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367307705#April–June", "title": "1520", "revid": 1367307705, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1521, "year_label": "1521 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 20", "text": "August 20 – The Italian War of 1521–1526 breaks out between Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, and Francis I of France as Henry III of Nassau-Breda leads Imperial troops on an invasion of northeastern France.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369246997#July–September", "title": "1521", "revid": 1369246997, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1524, "year_label": "1524 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "January 17", "text": "January 17 – Florentine explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano, on board La Dauphine in the service of Francis I of France, sets out from Madeira for the New World, to seek out a western sea route to the Pacific Ocean.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368819061#January–March", "title": "1524", "revid": 1368819061, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1524, "year_label": "1524 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 20", "text": "July 20 – Claude of France, queen consort of Francis I of France (b. 1499)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368819061#Deaths", "title": "1524", "revid": 1368819061, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1524, "year_label": "1524 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 28", "text": "October 28 – A French army invading Italy, under King Francis, besieges Pavia, months before the Battle of Pavia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368819061#October–December", "title": "1524", "revid": 1368819061, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1525, "year_label": "1525 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 24", "text": "February 24 – Battle of Pavia: German and Spanish forces under Charles de Lannoy and the Marquis of Pescara defeat the French army, and capture Francis I of France, after his horse is wounded by Cesare Hercolani. While Francis is imprisoned in Lombardy and then transferred to Madrid, the first attempts to form a Franco-Ottoman alliance with Suleiman the Magnificent against the Habsburg Empire are made.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368819017#January–March", "title": "1525", "revid": 1368819017, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1526, "year_label": "1526 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 6", "text": "February 6 – Suleiman the Magnificent, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, agrees to form a military alliance with France, after King François I sends a proposal by way of his envoy, Jean Frangipani.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369353275#January–March", "title": "1526", "revid": 1369353275, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1526, "year_label": "1526 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 14", "text": "January 14 – Treaty of Madrid: Peace is declared between Francis I of France and Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. Francis agrees to cede Burgundy and abandons all claims to Flanders, Artois, Naples, and Milan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369353275#January–March", "title": "1526", "revid": 1369353275, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1526, "year_label": "1526 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 6", "text": "March 6 – King François I of France is released from captivity in Spain after having signed the Treaty of Madrid.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369353275#January–March", "title": "1526", "revid": 1369353275, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1529, "year_label": "1529 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August 5", "text": "August 5 – Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, and Francis I of France sign the Treaty of Cambrai, or Ladies' Peace in the War of the League of Cognac: Francis abandons his claims in Italy, but is allowed to retain the Duchy of Burgundy. Henry VIII of England accedes on August 27.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362793946#July–September", "title": "1529", "revid": 1362793946, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1530, "year_label": "1530 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "July 4", "text": "July 4 – King François of France marries Eleanor of Austria, daughter of King Philip the Handsome of Castile and widow of King Manuel I of Portugal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366794362#July–September", "title": "1530", "revid": 1366794362, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1533, "year_label": "1533 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "August 13", "text": "August 13 – King François of France dispatches Colonel Pierre de Piton to Morocco with a letter addressed to the ruler, Sultan Abu al-Abbas Ahmad ibn Muhammad, in order to establish a trade agreement.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359627731#July–September", "title": "1533", "revid": 1359627731, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1535, "year_label": "1535 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "January 21", "text": "January 21 – The French Protestant leaders of the October 1534 Affaire des Placards are burned to death in front of the Cathedral of Notre-Dame de Paris and witnessed by a large crowd that includes King François and the visiting Ottoman diplomats.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369561145#January–March", "title": "1535", "revid": 1369561145, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1535, "year_label": "1535 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "November 1", "text": "November 1 – Eighteen days after the death of Francesco II Sforza, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Spain Charles V claims the Duchy of Milan as his inheritance under Sforza's will. King François of France disputes the claim of Charles, citing the French right to rule Milan, Genoa and Asti, and the dispute leads to war between France and the Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369561145#October–December", "title": "1535", "revid": 1369561145, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1536, "year_label": "1536 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The Italian War of 1536–1538 resumes between Francis I of France and Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. Francis seizes control of Savoy, and captures Turin. Charles triumphally enters Rome, following the Via Triumphalis, and delivers a speech before the Pope and College of Cardinals, publicly challenging the king of France to a duel.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366494676#January–March", "title": "1536", "revid": 1366494676, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1536, "year_label": "1536 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "June 2", "text": "June 2 – Pope Paul III announces that he will send three legates to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor; to King Ferdinand of Bohemia, Hungary and Croatia; and King François of France to prevent an outbreak of war in Europe.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366494676#April–June", "title": "1536", "revid": 1366494676, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1537, "year_label": "1537 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 28", "text": "December 28 – The Ordonnance de Montpellier, establishing the first system in Europe for all writers to submit copies of their printed work to the government for review and maintenance in a library, is signed into law by King François I of France. The law provides that a book cannot be legally sold until a copy has been deposited in the royal library.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362632656#October–December", "title": "1537", "revid": 1362632656, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1537, "year_label": "1537 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "January 1", "text": "January 1 – Princess Madeleine of Valois, the 16-year-old daughter of François I, King of France, is married to King James V of Scotland in a ceremony at the cathedral of Notre-Dame de Paris. Already in ill health at the time of the marriage, Madaleine lives only six more months before dying at the Holyrood Palace in Edinburgh on July 7.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362632656#January–March", "title": "1537", "revid": 1362632656, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1538, "year_label": "1538 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 18", "text": "June 18 – Truce of Nice: Peace is declared between Emperor Charles V and Francis I of France.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369561127#April–June", "title": "1538", "revid": 1369561127, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1539, "year_label": "1539 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August 15", "text": "August 15 – King Francis I of France issues the Ordinance of Villers-Cotterêt, that places the whole of France under the jurisdiction of the royal law courts, and makes French the language of those courts, and the official language of legal discourse.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366494992#July–September", "title": "1539", "revid": 1366494992, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1539, "year_label": "1539 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 12", "text": "January 12 – Treaty of Toledo: Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (aka Charles I of Spain) and Francis I of France agree to make no further alliances with England. The treaty comes after Henry VIII of England's split with Rome and Pope Paul III.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366494992#January–March", "title": "1539", "revid": 1366494992, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1543, "year_label": "1543 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 19", "text": "July 19 – Mary Boleyn, English courtier, mistress of Kings Francis I of France and Henry VIII of England (b. 1500)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369357899#Deaths", "title": "1543", "revid": 1369357899, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1543, "year_label": "1543 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 6", "text": "October 6 – In order to aid James Hamilton, Earl of Arran, Regent of Scotland, in his defense against challenger Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox, King Francois of France arranges for two envoys, Jacques de La Brosse and Jacques Ménage to deliver money and munitions to Dumbarton Castle. The envoys unwittingly deliver Arran's materials to Lennox.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369357899#October–December", "title": "1543", "revid": 1369357899, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1544, "year_label": "1544 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 18", "text": "September 18 – Peace of Crépy: Peace is declared between Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, and Francis I of France. The war between France and England continues.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359947848#July–September", "title": "1544", "revid": 1359947848, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1545, "year_label": "1545 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "January 1", "text": "January 1 – King Francis I of France issues the \"Arrêt de Mérindol\", to destroy the Protestant Waldensians of Provence.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366653612#January–March", "title": "1545", "revid": 1366653612, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1547, "year_label": "1547 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Work on construction of the Château de Chambord, in the Loire Valley, for Francis I of France, ceases.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369359234#Date_unknown", "title": "1547", "revid": 1369359234, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1547, "year_label": "1547 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 31", "text": "March 31 – King Francis I of France dies at the Château de Rambouillet and is succeeded by his eldest surviving son Henry II (on his 28th birthday) as King of France.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369359234#January–March", "title": "1547", "revid": 1369359234, "section": "Events › January–March"}}]}