{"slug": "franciscans", "label": "Franciscans", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franciscans", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165005", "qid": "Q165005", "description": "from 1517, group of three religious orders within the Catholic Church", "entries": 11, "years": 11, "span": [1182, 1536], "span_label": ["1182 CE", "1536 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 4}, {"title": "Births", "count": 3}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 3}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "francis-of-assisi", "label": "Francis of Assisi", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "lombardy", "label": "Lombardy", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "frederick-ii-holy-roman-emperor", "label": "Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "dominican-order", "label": "Dominican Order", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "padua", "label": "Padua", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "christmas", "label": "Christmas", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "pope-clement-vii", "label": "Pope Clement VII", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1182, "year_label": "1182 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Francis of Assisi, founder of the Franciscan Order (d. 1226)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362172586#Births", "title": "1182", "revid": 1362172586, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1193, "year_label": "1193 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Giovanni da Penna, Italian Franciscan priest (d. 1271)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367180478#Births", "title": "1193", "revid": 1367180478, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1200, "year_label": "1200 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Adam Marsh, English Franciscan scholar and theologian (d. 1259)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354902191#Births", "title": "1200", "revid": 1354902191, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1223, "year_label": "1223 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "December 24", "text": "December 24 – Father Francis of Assisi (Giovanni di Pietro di Bernardone), founder of the Order of the Franciscans with in the Roman Catholic Church, begins the tradition of celebrating Christmas with a nativity scene. Having received permission from Pope Honorius III, Francis arranges for a display in a cave near the Italian city of Greccio, with the representation of the events associated with the birth of Jesus Christ as described in the Gospel of Matthew and in the Gospel of Luke, using real people and animals.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1336497375#October–December", "title": "1223", "revid": 1336497375, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1227, "year_label": "1227 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "October 10", "text": "October 10 – Daniel and companions, Franciscan martyrs", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367488499#Deaths", "title": "1227", "revid": 1367488499, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1236, "year_label": "1236 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "May 7", "text": "May 7 – Agnellus of Pisa, Italian Franciscan friar (b. 1195)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361428601#Deaths", "title": "1236", "revid": 1361428601, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1239, "year_label": "1239 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "March 20", "text": "March 20 – Gregory IX renews the excommunication of Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, while he is at his court in Padua. Frederick responds by expelling the Franciscans and Dominicans from Lombardy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368650554#Religion", "title": "1239", "revid": 1368650554, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1240, "year_label": "1240 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 23", "text": "January 23 – Albert of Pisa, Italian Franciscan friar", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361428406#Deaths", "title": "1240", "revid": 1361428406, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1322, "year_label": "1322 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "December 8", "text": "December 8 – Pope John XXII issues the papal bull Ad conditorem canonum, permanently renouncing the doctrine that the Roman Catholic Church owns all of the properties of the Franciscan Order.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350577150#October_–_December", "title": "1322", "revid": 1350577150, "section": "Events › October – December"}}, {"year": 1528, "year_label": "1528 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "July 3", "text": "July 3 – Pope Clement VII issues the bull Religionis zelus, recognizing the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin (Ordo Fratrum Minorum Capuccinorum), commonly known as the Capuchin monks, as a reformist branch of the Franciscans order of Roman Catholicism.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369577446#July–September", "title": "1528", "revid": 1369577446, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1536, "year_label": "1536 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "January 6", "text": "January 6 – The Colegio de Santa Cruz de Tlatelolco, the oldest European school of higher learning in the Americas, is established by Franciscans in Mexico City.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366494676#January–March", "title": "1536", "revid": 1366494676, "section": "Events › January–March"}}]}