{"slug": "galerius", "label": "Galerius", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galerius", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172168", "qid": "Q172168", "description": "Roman emperor (250-311)", "entries": 23, "years": 22, "span": [250, 400], "span_label": ["250 CE", "400 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 11}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 4}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 3}, {"title": "Births", "count": 2}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 1}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "caesar-title", "label": "Caesar (title)", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "maximian", "label": "Maximian", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "augustus-title", "label": "Augustus (title)", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "armenia", "label": "Armenia", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "tiridates-iii-of-armenia", "label": "Tiridates III of Armenia", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "diocletian", "label": "Diocletian", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "constantius-i", "label": "Constantius I", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "sarmatians", "label": "Sarmatians", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "byzantine-empire", "label": "Byzantine Empire", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "constantine-the-great", "label": "Constantine the Great", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "licinius", "label": "Licinius", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "roman-empire", "label": "Roman Empire", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 250, "year_label": "250 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Gaius Galerius Valerius Maximianus, Roman emperor (d. 311)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371187135#Births", "title": "250", "revid": 1371187135, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 266, "year_label": "266 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Galeria Valeria, Roman empress and wife of Galerius (d. 315)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267068793#Births", "title": "266", "revid": 1267068793, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 288, "year_label": "288 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Around this time, Constantius marries Maximian's stepdaughter, Theodora, and it may also be around this time that the general Galerius marries Diocletian's daughter Galeria Valeria.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1326174976#Roman_Empire", "title": "288", "revid": 1326174976, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 289, "year_label": "289 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "In this or the following year, Emperor Diocletian campaigns with success against the Sarmatians. The future emperor Galerius may have distinguished himself during this campaign.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1335486001#Roman_Empire", "title": "289", "revid": 1335486001, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 293, "year_label": "293 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "March 1", "text": "March 1 – Emperors Diocletian and Maximian appoint Constantius I and Galerius as Caesars. This is considered the beginning of the Tetrarchy, known as the Quattuor Principes Mundi (\"Four Rulers of the World\"). (Some sources and scholars date Galerius' elevation to May 21.)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367495846#Roman_Empire", "title": "293", "revid": 1367495846, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 295, "year_label": "295 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Caesar Galerius completes a series of two campaigns in Upper Egypt, against the rebel cities of Coptos and Boresis, as well as the Blemmyes and Meroitic Nubians.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367879166#Roman_Empire", "title": "295", "revid": 1367879166, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 296, "year_label": "296 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Persian king Narseh invades Roman-held Upper Mesopotamia and Arsacid western Armenia, the latter territory being under the leadership of the pro-Roman king Tiridates III. With only a small army, Caesar Galerius fights three holding actions against Narseh's army in Mesopotamia. Somewhere in the open plains between Carrhae and Callinicum, Galerius' army suffers a defeat against the Persian army, which is both more numerous and contains superior numbers of high-quality cavalry. Nevertheless, Galerius succeeds in blunting the Persian offensive.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267076673#Roman_Empire", "title": "296", "revid": 1267076673, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 297, "year_label": "297 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Diocletian watches over the Syrian provinces while Caesar Galerius makes preparations for a campaign against the Persian king Narseh. He recruits veterans from Illyria and Moesia, recruits new soldiers, and strengthens his army with Gothic mercenaries and the Armenian units of Tiridates III.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349992933#Roman_Empire", "title": "297", "revid": 1349992933, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 298, "year_label": "298 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Caesar Galerius restores Tiridates III to the throne of Armenia and invades the Sassanid Empire. His army marches through Adiabene, Atropatene, Susiana and Lower Mesopotamia. He then retakes the strategically important city of Nisibis in Upper Mesopotamia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1339920738#Roman_Empire", "title": "298", "revid": 1339920738, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 301, "year_label": "301 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Caesar Galerius begins a major war against the Carpi and Bastarnae and wins the first of several victories.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365564128#Roman_Empire", "title": "301", "revid": 1365564128, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 302, "year_label": "302 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Caesar Galerius wins his second victory over the Carpi.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1274672982#Roman_Empire", "title": "302", "revid": 1274672982, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 304, "year_label": "304 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Caesar Galerius, perhaps accompanied by Emperor Diocletian, wins his fourth and final victory over the Carpi. Many of the surviving Carpi and Bastarnae are resettled in the Roman Empire, where they are split up. The Bastarnae are not attested after this time, and the Carpi are attested only once more in the 310s.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330171842#Roman_Empire", "title": "304", "revid": 1330171842, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 305, "year_label": "305 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Constantius I and Galerius are declared Augusti; Flavius Valerius Severus and Maximinus Daza are appointed Caesars.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330171757#Roman_Empire", "title": "305", "revid": 1330171757, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 306, "year_label": "306 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 25", "text": "July 25 – Constantius I dies outside Eboracum (modern-day York). Constantine, aged 23 or 24, is declared emperor by his troops. Emperor Galerius grants Constantine the title of Caesar, and elevates Flavius Valerius Severus to emperor in the Western part of the Roman Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330171617#Roman_Empire", "title": "306", "revid": 1330171617, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 307, "year_label": "307 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Winter: Emperor Galerius wins his second victory over the Sarmatians.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1335486111#Roman_Empire", "title": "307", "revid": 1335486111, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 308, "year_label": "308 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Winter: Emperor Galerius wins his third and final victory over the Sarmatians.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330171358#Roman_Empire", "title": "308", "revid": 1330171358, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 310, "year_label": "310 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Maximinus Daza, caesar under Emperor Galerius, is acclaimed augustus by his troops. Galerius is forced to recognize him as co-ruler of the East. The Roman Empire is thus divided between seven simultaneous emperors: Galerius (East), Maximinus II (East), Licinius (Middle), Constantine I (West), Maximian (West), Maxentius (Italy), and Domitius Alexander (Africa).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349300512#Roman_Empire", "title": "310", "revid": 1349300512, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 311, "year_label": "311 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "April 30", "text": "April 30 – On his deathbed, Emperor Galerius declares religious freedom and issues the Edict of Serdica, ending the Diocletianic Persecution of Christians in the eastern half of the Roman Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330160941#Roman_Empire", "title": "AD 311", "revid": 1330160941, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 311, "year_label": "311 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "May 5", "text": "May 5 – Galerius, Roman emperor (b. c.258)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330160941#Deaths", "title": "AD 311", "revid": 1330160941, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 313, "year_label": "313 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "Licinius conducts a purge of the wider Tetrarchic dynasty. He executes Galerius' son Candidianus, Valerius Severus' son Severianus (whom he accuses of conspiracy), and Maximinus' wife, son and daughter. Diocletian's wife Prisca and daughter Galeria Valeria go into hiding.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330160715#Roman_Empire", "title": "313", "revid": 1330160715, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 315, "year_label": "315 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Galeria Valeria, Roman empress and wife of Galerius", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330160516#Deaths", "title": "315", "revid": 1330160516, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 363, "year_label": "363 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Jovian negotiates a disastrous peace with Persia, surrendering four of the five Roman provinces gained by Caesar Galerius in 298, and the cities Nisibis and Singara (Mesopotamia).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367307501#Roman_Empire", "title": "363", "revid": 1367307501, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 400, "year_label": "400 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The mausoleum of Galerius in Salonica (Greece) is converted into a church.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1347571639#Religion", "title": "400", "revid": 1347571639, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}]}