{"slug": "gallienus", "label": "Gallienus", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallienus", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104475", "qid": "Q104475", "description": "Roman emperor (218-268)", "entries": 14, "years": 11, "span": [218, 268], "span_label": ["218 CE", "268 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 6}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 4}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 3}, {"title": "Births", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "danube", "label": "Danube", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "pannonia", "label": "Pannonia", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "milan", "label": "Milan", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "valerian-emperor", "label": "Valerian (emperor)", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "athens", "label": "Athens", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "sparta", "label": "Sparta", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "roman-army", "label": "Roman army", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "argos-peloponnese", "label": "Argos, Peloponnese", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "roman-empire", "label": "Roman Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "ancient-rome", "label": "Ancient Rome", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "september", "label": "September", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "goths", "label": "Goths", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 218, "year_label": "218 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Gallienus, Roman emperor (d. 268)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371188214#Births", "title": "218", "revid": 1371188214, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 253, "year_label": "253 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Aemilianus is murdered at Spoletium and Publius Valerianus, age 60, is recognised as the new emperor by the Rhine legions. He gives his son Publius Licinius Egnatius Gallienus the title Augustus. Valerianus I dispatches him to the Danube where the Goths have violated the treaty signed with Rome and invaded Moesia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371188254#Roman_Empire", "title": "253", "revid": 1371188254, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 257, "year_label": "257 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Gallienus brings some order to the Danube area.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371187339#Roman_Empire", "title": "257", "revid": 1371187339, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 258, "year_label": "258 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Valerian II, eldest son of Gallienus, dies, possibly murdered by Pannonia's governor Ingenuus; Emperor Valerian bestows on another one of Gallienus's sons, Saloninus, the title of Caesar.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368343947#Roman_Empire", "title": "258", "revid": 1368343947, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 258, "year_label": "258 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Valerian II, son of co-emperor Gallienus", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368343947#Deaths", "title": "258", "revid": 1368343947, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 259, "year_label": "259 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Battle of Mediolanum: A Germanic confederation, the Alamanni (300,000 warriors), who crossed the Alps, are defeated by Roman legions under Gallienus, near Mediolanum (modern Milan).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1331138913#Roman_Empire", "title": "259", "revid": 1331138913, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 260, "year_label": "260 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Gallienus becomes the sole emperor of Rome; during his reign the Pannonian governor Ingenuus revolts on the Danube.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371187251#Roman_Empire", "title": "260", "revid": 1371187251, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 260, "year_label": "260 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Saloninus, Roman emperor and son of Gallienus (b.242)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371187251#Deaths", "title": "260", "revid": 1371187251, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 261, "year_label": "261 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Gallienus crushes the Alemanni at Milan (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371188936#Roman_Empire", "title": "261", "revid": 1371188936, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 263, "year_label": "263 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "King Odenathus of Palmyra declares himself ruler of the area west of the River Euphrates and is declared Dux Orientalis by the Roman emperor Gallienus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371304587#Roman_Empire", "title": "263", "revid": 1371304587, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 265, "year_label": "265 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Gallienus tries twice to crush the usurper Postumus, but on the first occasion Aureolus, commander of the elite cavalry, carelessly lets him escape. The second time, Gallienus sustains an arrow wound and has to break off his siege of a Gallic town where Postumus has holed up. He makes no other serious attempt to overcome his rival, instead devoting his attention to the political and military problems in the Danube and eastern parts of the Roman Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369159579#Roman_Empire", "title": "265", "revid": 1369159579, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 267, "year_label": "267 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Goths sack several cities of southern Greece including Athens, Corinth, Argos and Sparta. After the Sack of Athens, an Athenian militia force (2,000 men), under the historian Dexippus, pushes the invaders to the north where they are intercepted by the Roman army under emperor Gallienus. He wins an important victory near the Nestos River, on the boundary between Macedonia and Thrace.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367427906#Roman_Empire", "title": "267", "revid": 1367427906, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 268, "year_label": "268 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Gallienus, Roman emperor (b. 218)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1325890231#Deaths", "title": "268", "revid": 1325890231, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 268, "year_label": "268 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September", "text": "September – Battle of Naissus: Emperor Gallienus, aided by Aurelian, defeats a Gothic coalition (50,000 warriors) near Naissus (Niš, modern Serbia).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1325890231#Roman_Empire", "title": "268", "revid": 1325890231, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}]}