{"slug": "gallipoli", "label": "Gallipoli", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallipoli", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192860", "qid": "Q192860", "description": "peninsula in northwestern Turkey", "entries": 10, "years": 10, "span": [-446, 1916], "span_label": ["447 BCE", "1916 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 4}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 3}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 2}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "constantinople", "label": "Constantinople", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "thrace", "label": "Thrace", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "ottoman-empire", "label": "Ottoman Empire", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "pericles", "label": "Pericles", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "thracian-chersonese", "label": "Thracian Chersonese", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "anatolia", "label": "Anatolia", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "cyprus", "label": "Cyprus", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-jerusalem", "label": "Kingdom of Jerusalem", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "dux", "label": "Dux", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "december", "label": "December", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "bosporus", "label": "Bosporus", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "athens", "label": "Athens", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -446, "year_label": "447 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Pericles leads Athenian forces in the expulsion of barbarians from the Thracian peninsula of Gallipoli, in order to establish Athenian colonists in the region. Thus Pericles starts a policy of cleruchy (klerouchos) or \"out-settlements\". This is a form of colonisation where poor and unemployed people are assisted to emigrate to new regions.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1196799197#Greece", "title": "447 BC", "revid": 1196799197, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -308, "year_label": "309 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Lysimachus, the Macedonian ruler of Thrace and one of diadochi, founds the city of Lysimachia on the north-western extremity of the Thracian Chersonese (the modern Gallipoli peninsula) to serve as his capital.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1247027805#Thrace", "title": "309 BC", "revid": 1247027805, "section": "Events › By place › Thrace"}}, {"year": -189, "year_label": "190 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "For assisting the Romans in defeating Antiochus III, Eumenes II of Pergamum is rewarded with a great increase in territory. He is given control over the Thracian Chersonese (the modern Gallipoli peninsula) and over most of the former Seleucid possessions in Anatolia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342606670#Seleucid_Empire", "title": "190 BC", "revid": 1342606670, "section": "Events › By place › Seleucid Empire"}}, {"year": 1171, "year_label": "1171 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 10", "text": "March 10 – King Amalric I of Jerusalem departs with a large staff for Constantinople. At Callipolis he is met by his father-in-law, John Doukas Komnenos, military governor (doux) of Cyprus. Amalric enters the Byzantine capital and is welcomed by Manuel I. In June, a treaty is signed, Amalric recognizes Manuel's suzerainty over Jerusalem.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362165802#Levant", "title": "1171", "revid": 1362165802, "section": "Events › By place › Levant"}}, {"year": 1190, "year_label": "1190 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March", "text": "March – Frederick I leaves Adrianople to Gallipoli at the Dardanelles to embark, with the help of Byzantine transports, to cross into Asia Minor. On April 25, he enters territory of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum under the rule of Sultan Kilij Arslan II. Although promised to let the German Crusaders pass peaceably through his domains, Kilij Arslan harasses Frederick's forces with hit-and-run attacks. On May 7, a Turkish army (some 10,000 men) is defeated at the Battle of Philomelion, by 2,000 Crusaders.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368650742#Third_Crusade", "title": "1190", "revid": 1368650742, "section": "Events › By place › Third Crusade"}}, {"year": 1304, "year_label": "1304 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December", "text": "December – Roger de Flor, Italian nobleman and adventurer, settles with the Catalan Company in Gallipoli and other towns in the southern part of Thrace and visits Constantinople to demand payment for his forces. He lives at the expense of the local population and uses the city as a base for his marauding raids in the surrounding area.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361428823#October_–_December", "title": "1304", "revid": 1361428823, "section": "Events › October – December"}}, {"year": 1352, "year_label": "1352 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Süleyman Pasha (son of Orhan) is probably granted control of Çimpe Castle on the Gallipoli peninsula by Emperor John VI Kantakouzenos, the first territory west of the Bosporus held by the Ottoman Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1294629592#Date_unknown", "title": "1352", "revid": 1294629592, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1354, "year_label": "1354 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "March 2", "text": "March 2 – During the night between 1 and 2 March, a strong earthquake destroyed the city of Gallipoli and its city walls, weakening its defenses, along with destroying the neighboring villages and towns in the area.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1325866553#January–December", "title": "1354", "revid": 1325866553, "section": "Events › January–December"}}, {"year": 1915, "year_label": "1915 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 25", "text": "April 25 – WWI: Start of the Gallipoli Campaign by land forces (lasting until January 1916) – A landing at Anzac Cove is conducted by Australian and New Zealand Army Corps, and a landing at Cape Helles by British and French troops, to begin the Allied invasion of the Gallipoli peninsula in the Ottoman Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373518749#April", "title": "1915", "revid": 1373518749, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1916, "year_label": "1916 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 9", "text": "January 9 – WWI: Gallipoli Campaign – The last British troops are evacuated from Gallipoli, as the Ottoman Empire prevails over a joint British and French operation to capture Constantinople.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373519106#January", "title": "1916", "revid": 1373519106, "section": "Events › January"}}]}