{"slug": "ghazan", "label": "Ghazan", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghazan", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334496", "qid": "Q334496", "description": "the seventh Ilkhan of Mongol Ilkhanate (1295–1304)", "entries": 11, "years": 7, "span": [1271, 1305], "span_label": ["1271 CE", "1305 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 5}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 2}, {"title": "Births", "count": 1}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "ilkhanate", "label": "Ilkhanate", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "aleppo", "label": "Aleppo", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "syria", "label": "Syria", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "knights-templar", "label": "Knights Templar", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "tabriz", "label": "Tabriz", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "euphrates", "label": "Euphrates", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "knights-hospitaller", "label": "Knights Hospitaller", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "armenian-kingdom-of-cilicia", "label": "Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "damascus", "label": "Damascus", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "gaza-strip", "label": "Gaza Strip", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "raqqa", "label": "Raqqa", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "iran", "label": "Iran", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1271, "year_label": "1271 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "November 5", "text": "November 5 – Mahmud Ghazan, Mongol ruler (d. 1304)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351320596#Births", "title": "1271", "revid": 1351320596, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1295, "year_label": "1295 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 4", "text": "October 4 – Mongol leader Baydu Khan is executed after a 7-month reign at Tabriz. He is succeeded by Ghazan, who becomes ruler of the Ilkhanate. He converts to Islam, ending a line of Vajrayana (Tantric Buddhist) leaders.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368220335#Asia", "title": "1295", "revid": 1368220335, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1299, "year_label": "1299 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December", "text": "December – Mongol forces (some 10,000 men) led by Ghazan Khan cross the Euphrates River and invade Syria. They continue south, and successfully take Aleppo. There, Ghazan is joined by forces from his vassal state of Cilician Armenia. King Hethum II leads the Armenian army (which includes Templar and Hospitaller knights). He participates during the Mongol offensive and regains all the Armenian territories which have previously been lost to the Mamluks.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349939019#Levant", "title": "1299", "revid": 1349939019, "section": "Events › By place › Levant"}}, {"year": 1300, "year_label": "1300 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 6", "text": "January 6 – In the Middle East, Mahmud Ghazan, designated by the Mongol Empire to be the Ilkhanate ruler of what is now Iran, completes the conquest of Damascus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363832742#January_–_March", "title": "1300", "revid": 1363832742, "section": "January – March"}}, {"year": 1300, "year_label": "1300 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May", "text": "May – After the destruction of Aleppo and withdrawal of the Mongol Empire troops of Khan Ghazan, the Mamluks return to the Middle East from Egypt.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363832742#April_–_June", "title": "1300", "revid": 1363832742, "section": "April – June"}}, {"year": 1300, "year_label": "1300 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "July 20", "text": "July 20 – A fleet of 16 ships led by Jacques de Molay (Grand Master of the Knights Templar), Henry II of Cyprus (the last European King of Jerusalem), Amalric of Tyre, and an emissary of the Mongol leader Ghazan departs from the Cyprus port of Famagusta and begins a raid of Muslim-occupied cities in Egypt and Palestine before returning to Cyprus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363832742#July_–_September", "title": "1300", "revid": 1363832742, "section": "July – September"}}, {"year": 1300, "year_label": "1300 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 30", "text": "December 30 (17 Rabi II 700 AH) – Mahmud Ghazan, ruler of the Mongol Empire's Ikhanate area in the Middle East, crosses the Euphrates River at Qala'at Jabar (modern-day Raqqa in Syria) to invade Syria. Residents of Damascus, Aleppo and other areas of Syria, fearing a repeat of the massacre a few months earlier, flee toward Gaza. Ghazan turns back less than five weeks later because of unusually cold weather (including heavy snow and rain) that kills almost all of his cavalry's 12,000 horses.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363832742#October_–_December", "title": "1300", "revid": 1363832742, "section": "October – December"}}, {"year": 1302, "year_label": "1302 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "April 12", "text": "April 12 – Ghazan of the Mongol Empire's Ilkhanate division sends a letter to Pope Boniface and announces preparations for a new campaign against the Mamluk Sultanate.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362151248#April–June", "title": "1302", "revid": 1362151248, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1304, "year_label": "1304 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "May 11", "text": "May 11 – Ghazan Khan, Mongol ruler of the Ilkhanate (b. 1271)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361428823#Deaths", "title": "1304", "revid": 1361428823, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1304, "year_label": "1304 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "May 11", "text": "May 11 – Mahmud Ghazan, Mongol ruler of the Ilkhanate in the Middle East, dies and is succeeded by his brother Öljaitü Qaghan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361428823#April_–_June", "title": "1304", "revid": 1361428823, "section": "Events › April – June"}}, {"year": 1305, "year_label": "1305 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "January 12", "text": "January 12 – The marriage of Bastam, the 8-year-old son (and eldest child) of the Ikhanate ruler of Iran, Oljaitu Khan, to Uljay Qutlugh Khatun, the 7-year-old daughter and the only surviving child of the previous Ikhanate, the late Ghazan Khan, takes place in Tabriz. The betrothal of the two children had been arranged by Ghazan and Öljaitü on September 17, 1303.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1297125288#January_–_March", "title": "1305", "revid": 1297125288, "section": "Events › January – March"}}]}