{"slug": "gloucester", "label": "Gloucester", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloucester", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170497", "qid": "Q170497", "description": "city and county town of Gloucestershire, England, UK", "entries": 16, "years": 15, "span": [66, 1994], "span_label": ["66 CE", "1994 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 5}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 3}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 3}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 2}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "mercia", "label": "Mercia", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "edward-the-elder", "label": "Edward the Elder", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "thelfld", "label": "Æthelflæd", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "thelred-lord-of-the-mercians", "label": "Æthelred, Lord of the Mercians", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "vikings", "label": "Vikings", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-england", "label": "Kingdom of England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-scotland", "label": "Kingdom of Scotland", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "henry-ii-of-england", "label": "Henry II of England", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "empress-matilda", "label": "Empress Matilda", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "carlisle", "label": "Carlisle", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "london", "label": "London", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "oxford", "label": "Oxford", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 66, "year_label": "66 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Roman Legio II Augusta is stationed at Gloucester.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330182683#Britannia", "title": "AD 66", "revid": 1330182683, "section": "Events › By place › Britannia"}}, {"year": 577, "year_label": "577 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Battle of Deorham: The Anglo-Saxons under Ceawlin of Wessex invade the lower Severn Valley, and defeat the British Celts at Dyrham (South West England). After the battle, the Saxons occupy the three cities: Cirencester, Gloucester and Bath, bringing their advance to the Bristol Channel (according to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369170756#Europe", "title": "577", "revid": 1369170756, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 877, "year_label": "877 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Autumn – King Alfred the Great raises a large force, and marches on the Viking camp at the city of Exeter. His army besieges the Great Summer Army, led by Guthrum, and forces the Vikings to surrender. They flee north to Gloucester, and settle in the Five Boroughs (modern East Midlands).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267071400#Britain", "title": "877", "revid": 1267071400, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 890, "year_label": "890 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Lord Æthelred II and Lady Æthelflæd (a daughter of Alfred the Great) of the Mercians found the Priory of St. Oswald in Gloucester (probably originally dedicated to St. Peter).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373061013#Britain", "title": "890", "revid": 1373061013, "section": "Events › By place › Europe › Britain"}}, {"year": 909, "year_label": "909 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "King Edward the Elder and his sister, Princess Æthelflæd of Mercia, raid Danish East Anglia and bring back the relics of St. Oswald in triumph. Æthelflæd translates them to the new minster in Gloucester, which is renamed St. Oswald's Priory in his honour.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367656270#Britain", "title": "909", "revid": 1367656270, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 911, "year_label": "911 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Lord Æthelred of Mercia dies. He is buried in St. Oswald's Priory at Gloucester and is succeeded by his wife, Princess Æthelflæd, as Lady of the Mercians. Her brother, King Edward the Elder, insists on taking control of London and Oxford.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372066182#Britain", "title": "AD 911", "revid": 1372066182, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 914, "year_label": "914 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Vikings devastate the Welsh coast and move up the Severn River. They capture Bishop Cyfeilliog of Ergyng, and he is ransomed by King Edward the Elder. The Vikings are defeated by levies from Hereford and Gloucester.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355643516#Britain", "title": "914", "revid": 1355643516, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 918, "year_label": "918 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 12", "text": "June 12 – Æthelflæd dies at Tamworth while campaigning against the Vikings. She is buried with her husband Æthelred in St. Oswald's Priory at Gloucester. Æthelflæd is succeeded by her only daughter Ælfwynn.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341509557#Britain", "title": "918", "revid": 1341509557, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 939, "year_label": "939 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "October 27", "text": "October 27 – King Æthelstan dies at Gloucester after a 15-year reign. He is buried at Malmesbury Abbey and succeeded by his half-brother, Edmund I (\"the Magnificent\"). After Æthelstan's death Olaf Guthfrithson (or his cousin, Anlaf Cuaran) a Viking leader who rules Dublin, is proclaimed king of York (south of Northumbria).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366656722#England", "title": "939", "revid": 1366656722, "section": "Events › By place › England"}}, {"year": 1149, "year_label": "1149 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "March", "text": "March – The 16-year-old Henry of Anjou, eldest son of Queen Matilda, lands in England in a second attempt to take the English throne from Stephen. He travels up via Salisbury and Gloucester north to Carlisle (Scotland).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369184526#Britain", "title": "1149", "revid": 1369184526, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 1287, "year_label": "1287 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Summer – Edward I (Longshanks) replies to the Welsh rebellion by raising an army at Gloucester commanded by Edmund of Almain. The English forces besiege Dryslwyn Castle, which lasts for three weeks before the castle falls after the curtain walls are undermined. Rhys ap Maredudd manages to escape and goes into hiding before the stronghold is finally captured in late September.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361694581#England", "title": "1287", "revid": 1361694581, "section": "Events › By place › England"}}, {"year": 1321, "year_label": "1321 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 8", "text": "December 8 – Confronting the rebellion of Thomas of Lancaster (his cousin), the Baron Badlesmere and Roger Mortimer, King Edward II of England arrives in Cirencester, then leads troops up the Severn Valley from Gloucester against the rebels.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355655788#October_–_December", "title": "1321", "revid": 1355655788, "section": "Events › October – December"}}, {"year": 1378, "year_label": "1378 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 3", "text": "September 3 – As regent for the 11-year-old King Richard II of England, his mother Joan of Kent summons the English Parliament, directing the members of the House of Commons and the House of Lords to assemble at Gloucester on October 20.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366019926#July–September", "title": "1378", "revid": 1366019926, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1407, "year_label": "1407 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 20", "text": "October 20 – The English Parliament is opened at Gloucester after being summoned on August 26 by King Henry IV, and is marked by arguments between the House of Lords and the House of Commons over primacy and initiation of money bills.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367230756#July–December", "title": "1407", "revid": 1367230756, "section": "Events › July–December"}}, {"year": 1994, "year_label": "1994 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "December 13", "text": "December 13 – Fred West, 53, a builder living in Gloucester, England, is remanded in custody, charged with murdering 12 people (including two of his own daughters) whose bodies are mostly found buried at his house in Cromwell Street. His wife Rosemary West, 41, is charged with 10 murders.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369917016#December", "title": "1994", "revid": 1369917016, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1994, "year_label": "1994 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "February 24", "text": "February 24 – In Gloucester, England, local police begin excavations at 25 Cromwell Street, the home of Fred West, a suspect in multiple murders. On February 28, he and his wife are arrested.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369917016#February", "title": "1994", "revid": 1369917016, "section": "Events › February"}}]}