{"slug": "greek-war-of-independence", "label": "Greek War of Independence", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_War_of_Independence", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182062", "qid": "Q182062", "description": "Greek rebellion against the Ottoman Empire (1821–1829)", "entries": 16, "years": 8, "span": [1821, 1832], "span_label": ["1821 CE", "1832 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 8}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 6}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 2}], "related": [{"slug": "ottoman-empire", "label": "Ottoman Empire", "shared": 8}, {"slug": "gregorian-calendar", "label": "Gregorian Calendar", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "julian-calendar", "label": "Julian calendar", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "chios", "label": "Chios", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "greece", "label": "Greece", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "united-kingdom-of-great-britain-and-ireland", "label": "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "russian-empire", "label": "Russian Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "july", "label": "July", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "cyclades", "label": "Cyclades", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1821, "year_label": "1821 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "April 10", "text": "April 10 (O.S.)/April 22 (N.S.) – Ecumenical Patriarch Gregory V of Constantinople is blamed by the Ottoman government for being unable to suppress Greek independence, and is hanged outside the main gate of the Patriarchal Cathedral immediately after the celebration of Pascha.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366198623#April–June", "title": "1821", "revid": 1366198623, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1821, "year_label": "1821 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "March 25", "text": "March 25 (O.S.)/April 6 (N.S.) – Metropolitan bishop Germanos of Patras raises the revolutionary flag of Greece at the Monastery of Agia Lavra (according to oral tradition), symbolically marking the beginning of the Greek War of Independence against the Ottoman Empire; later celebrated as Greece's traditional Independence Day.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366198623#April–June", "title": "1821", "revid": 1366198623, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1821, "year_label": "1821 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 23", "text": "September 23 (O.S.)/October 5 (N.S.) – The Siege of Tripolitsa ends when Greek rebels capture the city of Tripoli, Greece; the massacre of 8,000 civilians follows. (Greek forces under the command of General Theodoros Kolokotronis have besieged the city for several months during the Greek War of Independence from Turkey and the Ottoman Empire.)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366198623#October–December", "title": "1821", "revid": 1366198623, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1822, "year_label": "1822 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 13", "text": "July 13 – Greek War of Independence: Greek soldiers defeat Ottoman forces at Thermopylae.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367154222#July–September", "title": "1822", "revid": 1367154222, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1822, "year_label": "1822 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 18", "text": "June 18 – Greek War of Independence: Konstantinos Kanaris blows up the Ottoman navy's flagship at Chios, killing the Kapudan Pasha Nasuhzade Ali Pasha.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367154222#April–June", "title": "1822", "revid": 1367154222, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1822, "year_label": "1822 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 31", "text": "March 31 – Greek War of Independence – Chios massacre: 20,000 Greeks on the island of Chios are slaughtered by Ottoman troops, and 23,000 more are exiled.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367154222#January–March", "title": "1822", "revid": 1367154222, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1822, "year_label": "1822 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 13", "text": "November 13 – Greek War of Independence: Nafplio falls to the Greek rebels.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367154222#October–December", "title": "1822", "revid": 1367154222, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1826, "year_label": "1826 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 21", "text": "June 21 – Greek War of Independence: The attempted Ottoman–Egyptian invasion of Mani begins.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373386632#April–June", "title": "1826", "revid": 1373386632, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1827, "year_label": "1827 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 24", "text": "April 24 – Greek War of Independence: Battle of Phaleron – Ottoman troops defeat the Greek rebels.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362794712#April–June", "title": "1827", "revid": 1362794712, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1827, "year_label": "1827 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "July 6", "text": "July 6 – Greek War of Independence: The Treaty of London between France, Britain and Russia, demands that the Turks agree to an armistice in Greece.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362794712#July–September", "title": "1827", "revid": 1362794712, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1827, "year_label": "1827 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 20", "text": "October 20 – Greek War of Independence: Battle of Navarino – British, French and Russian naval forces destroy the Turko-Egyptian fleet in Greece. This is the last naval action to be fought under sail alone.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362794712#October–December", "title": "1827", "revid": 1362794712, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1827, "year_label": "1827 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 30", "text": "September 30 – Greek War of Independence: Battle of Itea, a naval battle fought in the Gulf of Corinth.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362794712#October–December", "title": "1827", "revid": 1362794712, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1828, "year_label": "1828 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 11", "text": "November 11 – Greek War of Independence: the London Protocol entails the creation of an autonomous Greek state under Ottoman suzerainty encompassing the Morea and the Cyclades.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371323922#October–December", "title": "1828", "revid": 1371323922, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1829, "year_label": "1829 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 22", "text": "March 22 – Greece receives autonomy from the Ottoman Empire in the London Protocol, signed by Russia, France and Britain, effectively ending the Greek War of Independence. Greece continues to seek full independence through diplomatic negotiations with the three Great Powers.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371400114#January–March", "title": "1829", "revid": 1371400114, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1830, "year_label": "1830 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 3", "text": "February 3 – The London Protocol establishes the full independence and sovereignty of Greece from the Ottoman Empire, as the result of the Greek War of Independence.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1352223718#January–March", "title": "1830", "revid": 1352223718, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1832, "year_label": "1832 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 11", "text": "May 11 – Greece is recognized as a sovereign nation; the Treaty of Constantinople ends the Greek War of Independence in July.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370617764#April–June", "title": "1832", "revid": 1370617764, "section": "Events › April–June"}}]}