{"slug": "guatemala", "label": "Guatemala", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guatemala", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q774", "qid": "Q774", "description": "sovereign state in Central America", "entries": 61, "years": 57, "span": [-99, 2021], "span_label": ["100 BCE", "2021 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 20}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 11}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 11}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 5}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 4}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 3}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 2}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 2}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 1}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 1}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "maya-rulers", "label": "Maya rulers", "shared": 17}, {"slug": "tikal", "label": "Tikal", "shared": 14}, {"slug": "maya-civilization", "label": "Maya civilization", "shared": 10}, {"slug": "naranjo", "label": "Naranjo", "shared": 8}, {"slug": "honduras", "label": "Honduras", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "dos-pilas", "label": "Dos Pilas", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "calakmul", "label": "Calakmul", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "mexico", "label": "Mexico", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "el-salvador", "label": "El Salvador", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "copan", "label": "Copán", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "jerusalem", "label": "Jerusalem", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "united-states", "label": "United States", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -99, "year_label": "100 BCE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "Mural room in the Maya pyramid at San Bartolo, Guatemala, painted.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355643460#America", "title": "100 BC", "revid": 1355643460, "section": "Events › By place › America"}}, {"year": 292, "year_label": "292 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The oldest known Mayan stele is erected at the capital Tikal (modern Guatemala).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367495826#Mesoamerica", "title": "292", "revid": 1367495826, "section": "Events › By place › Mesoamerica"}}, {"year": 300, "year_label": "300 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The Mayan civilization reaches its most prolific period, the classic period, in what is now Guatemala, Belize and parts of southern Mexico adjacent to the former two. During most of this period, Tikal dominates the Mayan world.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361492719#Mesoamerica", "title": "300", "revid": 1361492719, "section": "Events › By place › Mesoamerica"}}, {"year": 411, "year_label": "411 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Yax Nuun Ahiin I, king of Tikal (Guatemala) (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367645014#Deaths", "title": "AD 411", "revid": 1367645014, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 546, "year_label": "546 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 5", "text": "May 5 – First Tikal-Calakmul War: After a victory by Calakmul, Aj Wosal Chan K'inich is installed as the new ruler of the Mayan city state of Naranjo in Guatemala, and reigns until his death in 615.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364747564#Central_America", "title": "546", "revid": 1364747564, "section": "Events › By place › Central America"}}, {"year": 550, "year_label": "550 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Construction of Quiriguá (Guatemala) begins (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340799644#Americas", "title": "550", "revid": 1340799644, "section": "Events › By place › Americas"}}, {"year": 629, "year_label": "629 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The Maya military outpost of Dos Pilas (Guatemala) is founded, in order to control trade routes in the Petexbatún region. Bʼalaj Chan Kʼawiil is installed as its leader by his father, K'inich Muwaan Jol II, the ruler of Tikal.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340803532#Americas", "title": "629", "revid": 1340803532, "section": "Events › By place › Americas"}}, {"year": 682, "year_label": "682 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Jasaw Chan Kʼawiil I starts to rule in Tikal (modern Guatemala) during the Late Classic period.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1347973674#Mesoamerica", "title": "682", "revid": 1347973674, "section": "Events › By place › Mesoamerica"}}, {"year": 693, "year_label": "693 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "May 31", "text": "May 31 – Kʼakʼ Tiliw Chan Chaak is installed as the new ruler of the Mayan city state of Naranjo in Guatemala at the age of 5-years-old, under the regency of his mother, Wak Chanil Ajaw (Lady Six Sky) of Dos Pilas, and reigns until his death in 720.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340806250#Central_America", "title": "693", "revid": 1340806250, "section": "Events › Britain › Central America"}}, {"year": 695, "year_label": "695 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Mayan city state of Tikal defeats Calakmul in what is now Guatemala, ending a centuries-long rivalry, but ushering in another century of warfare that ultimately leads to both cities' abandonment in the 9th century.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340806239#Central_America", "title": "695", "revid": 1340806239, "section": "Events › By place › Central America"}}, {"year": 698, "year_label": "698 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 24", "text": "March 24 – Itzamnaaj K'awiil becomes the new ruler of the Mayan city state at Dos Pilas in Guatemala and reigns until 726.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340806584#Central_America", "title": "698", "revid": 1340806584, "section": "Events › By place › Central America"}}, {"year": 700, "year_label": "700 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Maya civilization: Tikal Temple I, called the \"Temple of the Giant Jaguar\" (tomb of Jasaw Chan Kʼawiil I), Tikal, (Guatemala), is built.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340806781#Mesoamerica", "title": "700", "revid": 1340806781, "section": "Events › By place › Mesoamerica"}}, {"year": 721, "year_label": "721 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "May 31", "text": "May 31 – Wak Chanil Ajaw (Lady Six Sky), who had been the regent for her son Kʼakʼ Tiliw Chan Chaak from 693 until his attainment of majority, becomes the new queen of the Mayan city state of Naranjo in Guatemala when K'ak Tiliw dies from unknown causes. She reigns until her death in 741.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340808636#Central_America", "title": "721", "revid": 1340808636, "section": "Events › By place › Central America"}}, {"year": 724, "year_label": "724 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "December 29", "text": "December 29 – K'ak' Tiliw Chan Yopaat becomes king (ajaw) of the Maya city-state of Quiriguá, now in Guatemala), and serves for more than 60 years until his death in 785.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340808653#By_date", "title": "724", "revid": 1340808653, "section": "Events › By date"}}, {"year": 726, "year_label": "726 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "October 22", "text": "October 22 – Itzamnaaj K'awiil, the ruler of the Mayan city state at Dos Pilas in Guatemala since 698, dies after a 28-year reign.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340808661#Central_America", "title": "726", "revid": 1340808661, "section": "Events › By place › Central America"}}, {"year": 727, "year_label": "727 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 6", "text": "January 6 – Ucha'an K'in B'alam becomes the new ruler of the Mayan city state at Dos Pilas in Guatemala after the death of Itzamnaaj K'awiil and reigns until 741.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372352645#Central_America", "title": "AD 727", "revid": 1372352645, "section": "Events › By place › Central America"}}, {"year": 734, "year_label": "734 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Jasaw Chan Kʼawiil I, ruler (ajaw) of Tikal (Guatemala), dies after a 52-year reign. He is succeeded by his son Yikʼin Chan Kʼawiil, who becomes one of Tikal's most successful and expansionary rulers during the Late Classic period.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340809669#Mesoamerica", "title": "734", "revid": 1340809669, "section": "Events › By place › Mesoamerica"}}, {"year": 736, "year_label": "736 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Mayan city state of Tikal defeats Calakmul in what is now Guatemala, ending a centuries-long rivalry, but ushering in another century of warfare that ultimately leads to both cities' abandonment in the 9th century.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340809679#Central_America", "title": "736", "revid": 1340809679, "section": "Events › By place › Central America"}}, {"year": 736, "year_label": "736 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Yik'in Chan K'awiil, ruler (ajaw) of the leading Maya city state of Tikal (modern-day Guatemala), conquers rival Calakmul, within the northern Petén region of the Yucatán region (Southern Mexico).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340809679#Central_America", "title": "736", "revid": 1340809679, "section": "Events › By place › Central America"}}, {"year": 736, "year_label": "736 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 15", "text": "June 15 – Uaxaclajuun Ub'aah K'awiil (\"Eighteen Rabbit\"), ruler of the Mayan city state of Copán in Honduras is defeated in battle by Kʼakʼ Tiliw Chan Yopaat, the ruler of Quiriguá (in Guatemala), and is beheaded. K'ak' (\"Smoke Monkey\") rules until his death in 749.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340809679#Central_America", "title": "736", "revid": 1340809679, "section": "Events › By place › Central America"}}, {"year": 741, "year_label": "741 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "February 11", "text": "February 11 – Wak Chanil Ajaw (Lady Six Sky), queen of the Mayan city state of Naranjo in Guatemala, dies after a reign of more than 47 years and is succeeded by her son, Yax Mayuy Chan Chaak, who reigns until his own death in 744.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1322653390#Central_America", "title": "741", "revid": 1322653390, "section": "Events › By place › Central America"}}, {"year": 741, "year_label": "741 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 23", "text": "June 23 – Kʼawiil Chan Kʼinich becomes the new ruler of the Mayan city state at Dos Pilas in Guatemala after the death of Ucha'an K'in B'alam and reigns until 761 when he is forced to flee during an uprising by rebels from Tamarindito.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1322653390#Central_America", "title": "741", "revid": 1322653390, "section": "Events › By place › Central America"}}, {"year": 744, "year_label": "744 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 4", "text": "February 4 – In the Third Tikal-Calakmul War in what is now Guatemala, the Mayan city-state of Tikal conquers the state of Naranjo and captures its king, Yax Mayuy Chan Chaak, who is subsequently sacrificed. The conquest by Tikal destroys Calakmul's once powerful and extensive network of allies, vassal states and trade networks.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1305046877#Central_America", "title": "744", "revid": 1305046877, "section": "Events › By place › Central America"}}, {"year": 746, "year_label": "746 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "August 15", "text": "August 15 – K'ak' Yipiiy Chan Chaak is installed as the new ruler of the Mayan city state of Naranjo in Guatemala and reigns until his death in 748.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340809747#Central_America", "title": "746", "revid": 1340809747, "section": "Events › By place › Central America"}}, {"year": 755, "year_label": "755 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 8", "text": "November 8 – K'ahk' Ukalaw Chan Chaak is installed as the new ruler of the Mayan city state of Naranjo in Guatemala and reigns until his death in 780.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340847491#Central_America", "title": "755", "revid": 1340847491, "section": "Events › By place › Central America"}}, {"year": 760, "year_label": "760 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Maya city of Dos Pilas (modern Guatemala) is abandoned, after the Tamarindito and Petexbatún centres revolt against their Dos Pilas overlord.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358120145#Mesoamerica", "title": "760", "revid": 1358120145, "section": "Events › By place › Mesoamerica"}}, {"year": 784, "year_label": "784 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "February 4", "text": "February 4 – Itzamnaaj K'awiil, brother of Bat K'awiil (who reigned between 780 and 784) and the son of K'ahk' Ukalaw Chan Chaak (who ruled 755 to 780) becomes the new ruler of the Mayan city state of Naranjo in Guatemala and reigns until his death in 810.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848263#Central_America", "title": "784", "revid": 1340848263, "section": "Events › By place › Central America"}}, {"year": 785, "year_label": "785 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "K'ak' Tiliw Chan Yopaat, king of Quiriguá (Guatemala)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351342449#Deaths", "title": "785", "revid": 1351342449, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 800, "year_label": "800 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 28", "text": "June 28 – Ochk'in Kaloomte' Aj Ho' Baak becomes the new ruler of the Mayan city state of Machaquila in Guatemala and reigns until his death in 815.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367075277#Central_America", "title": "800", "revid": 1367075277, "section": "Events › Africa › Central America"}}, {"year": 802, "year_label": "802 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 1", "text": "May 1 – Lachan Kʼawiil Ajaw Bot (born June 25, 760) becomes the ruler of the Mayan city state near Itzan in Guatemala.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848783#Central_America", "title": "802", "revid": 1340848783, "section": "Events › By place › Central America"}}, {"year": 810, "year_label": "810 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Tikal Temple III, also known as the Temple of the Jaguar Priest, is constructed in Tikal National Park (modern Guatemala).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848812#Religion", "title": "810", "revid": 1340848812, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 815, "year_label": "815 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "April 2", "text": "April 2 – Sihyaj K'in Ich’aak II becomes the new ruler of the Mayan city state of Machaquila in Guatemala after the death of Ochk'in Kaloomte' Aj Ho' Baak, and reigns until early 824.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1348647036#Central_America", "title": "815", "revid": 1348647036, "section": "Events › By place › Central America"}}, {"year": 822, "year_label": "822 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "February 6", "text": "February 6 – Ukit Took becomes the last ruler (ajaw) of the Mayan city-state Copán (modern Guatemala). After his death in 830, the kingdom is wiped out, most likely from an epidemic.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267074664#Central_America", "title": "822", "revid": 1267074664, "section": "Events › By place › Central America"}}, {"year": 824, "year_label": "824 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 3", "text": "March 3 – (9.19.13.15.19) (9th B'ak'tun, 19th K'atun, 13th year (Tun) 15th month (Winal) 19th day (K'in)) Juun Tsak-Took becomes the new ruler of the Mayan city state of Machaquila (in what is now Guatemala), along with co-ruler and Ti-Chaak become the after the death of Sihyaj K'in Ich’aak II. Juun Tsak-Tookwill until his 840.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361215157#By_date", "title": "824", "revid": 1361215157, "section": "Events › By date"}}, {"year": 1194, "year_label": "1194 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Hunac Ceel drives the Itza people out of Chichen Itza, forcing them to start the Itza Kingdom on Lake Petén Itzá (modern Guatemala).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1292975381#Mesoamerica", "title": "1194", "revid": 1292975381, "section": "Events › By place › Mesoamerica"}}, {"year": 1508, "year_label": "1508 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 23", "text": "July 23 – Upon the death of his father, King Oxlahuh-Tz'i, Hun-Iqʼ becomes one of the two kings of Guatemala's Kaqchikel Maya civilization. Hun-Iqʼ reigns jointly with King Kablahuh-Tihax until the latter's death on February 4.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351320572#July–September", "title": "1508", "revid": 1351320572, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1524, "year_label": "1524 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 20", "text": "February 20 – Tecun Uman, the K'iche' Maya ruler of Guatemala's highlands, is killed in a battle near Quetzaltenango between the K'iche' Maya people and the invading Spanish conquistadors led by Pedro Alvarado.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368819061#January–March", "title": "1524", "revid": 1368819061, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1525, "year_label": "1525 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Mixco Viejo, capital of the Pocomans Maya State, falls to the Spanish conquistadores of Pedro de Alvarado (in modern-day Guatemala) after a three-month siege.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368819017#Date_unknown", "title": "1525", "revid": 1368819017, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1526, "year_label": "1526 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "February 9", "text": "February 9 – In Guatemala, a group of 16 deserters from the Spanish colonial army destroy Iximche, the capital of the indigenous kingdom of the Mayan Kaqchikel people, and burn the palace of the Ahpo Xahil", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369353275#January–March", "title": "1526", "revid": 1369353275, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1527, "year_label": "1527 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 22", "text": "November 22 – Spain's conquest of Guatemala's highlands is completed as the capital of the colonial government is moved to the new city of Ciudad Vieja from Santiago de los Caballeros de Guatemala, near Iximche.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366980186#October–December", "title": "1527", "revid": 1366980186, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1530, "year_label": "1530 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 9", "text": "May 9 – The Kaqchikel people, a tribe of the Maya people of what is now the Sacatepéquez Department of Guatemala, surrender to the Spanish conquistadors.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366794362#April–June", "title": "1530", "revid": 1366794362, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1594, "year_label": "1594 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 18", "text": "March 18 – Two warships of the English Navy, commanded by Captain James Langton, complete a three-day raid on the Spanish city of Puerto de Caballos (now Puerto Cortés in Guatemala) and pillage the city.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1319812312#January–March", "title": "1594", "revid": 1319812312, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1603, "year_label": "1603 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 17", "text": "February 17 – Anglo-Spanish War: The Battle of Puerto Caballos is fought off of the coast of Guatemala by two Spanish Navy galleons, and eight English Navy and French pirate ships. The English-French soldiers and pirates, commanded by Christopher Newport and Michael Geare, plunder Puerto Caballos over the next two weeks, and the Spanish defenders suffer 230 casualties.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366656830#January–March", "title": "1603", "revid": 1366656830, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1686, "year_label": "1686 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 29", "text": "January 29 – In Guatemala, Spanish Army Captain Melchor Rodríguez Mazariegos leads a campaign to conquer the indigenous Maya people in the rain forests of Lacandona, departing from Huehuetenango to rendezvous with the colonial governor at San Mateo Ixtatán.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368502958#January–March", "title": "1686", "revid": 1368502958, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1697, "year_label": "1697 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 26", "text": "February 26 – Conquistador Martín de Ursúa y Arizmendi and 114 soldiers arrive at Lake Petén Itzá in what is now Guatemala and begin the Spanish conquest of Guatemala with an attack on the capital of the Itza people there before moving northward to the Yucatan peninsula.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355431044#January–March", "title": "1697", "revid": 1355431044, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1717, "year_label": "1717 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "September 29", "text": "September 29 – Guatemala earthquake: A 7.4 magnitude earthquake strikes Antigua Guatemala, destroying much of the city, and making authorities consider moving the capital of Guatemala to a different location.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366802832#July–September", "title": "1717", "revid": 1366802832, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1773, "year_label": "1773 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "July 29", "text": "July 29 (Feast of St Martha) – Guatemala earthquake: The Santa Marta earthquake hits, with an estimated epicentral magnitude of 7.5 M i , striking Guatemala; numerous aftershocks last until December. The city of Antigua Guatemala is virtually destroyed, leading to the decision to move the country's capital to La Nueva Guatemala de la Asunción.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365114710#July–September", "title": "1773", "revid": 1365114710, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1820, "year_label": "1820 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 20", "text": "February 20 – A revolt begins against the Spanish crown in Santa María Chiquimula (now in Guatemala).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368795492#January–March", "title": "1820", "revid": 1368795492, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1852, "year_label": "1852 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 31", "text": "October 31 – General Joaquin Solares of Guatemala leads an invasion of neighboring Honduras, beginning a war that lasts until February 13, 1856.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354165010#October–December", "title": "1852", "revid": 1354165010, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1902, "year_label": "1902 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "April 19", "text": "April 19 – The 7.5 Guatemala earthquake shakes Guatemala with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe), killing between 800 and 2,000.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373318639#April", "title": "1902", "revid": 1373318639, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1949, "year_label": "1949 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "October 13", "text": "October 13 – Severe flooding hits Guatemala.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370167995#October", "title": "1949", "revid": 1370167995, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1954, "year_label": "1954 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 17", "text": "June 17 – A CIA-engineered military coup occurs in Guatemala.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369212684#June", "title": "1954", "revid": 1369212684, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1954, "year_label": "1954 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 27", "text": "June 27 – Guatemalan President Jacobo Árbenz steps down in a CIA-sponsored military coup, triggering a bloody civil war that continues for more than 35 years.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369212684#June", "title": "1954", "revid": 1369212684, "section": "Events › June"}}, {"year": 1958, "year_label": "1958 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 30", "text": "December 30 – The Guatemalan Air Force fires on Mexican fishing boats which had strayed into Guatemalan territory, triggering the Mexico–Guatemala conflict.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371827125#December", "title": "1958", "revid": 1371827125, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1960, "year_label": "1960 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 13", "text": "December 13 – The countries of El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua announce the formation of the Central American Common Market.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371870774#December", "title": "1960", "revid": 1371870774, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1976, "year_label": "1976 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "February 4", "text": "February 4 – The 7.5 Guatemala earthquake affects Guatemala and Honduras with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent), leaving 23,000 dead and 76,000 injured.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372603253#February", "title": "1976", "revid": 1372603253, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 1980, "year_label": "1980 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 31", "text": "January 31 – Burning of the Spanish Embassy in Guatemala: The Spanish Embassy in Guatemala is invaded and set on fire, killing 36 people. In the United States, it is dubbed \"Spain's own Tehran\".", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363797378#January", "title": "1980", "revid": 1363797378, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1996, "year_label": "1996 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 29", "text": "December 29 – Guatemala and the leaders of the Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity sign a peace accord that ends the 36-year Guatemalan Civil War.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371596794#December", "title": "1996", "revid": 1371596794, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 2012, "year_label": "2012 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "December 21", "text": "December 21 – 2012 phenomenon: End of 13th b'ak'tun in the Mayan calendar, supposed end of the world according to new age beliefs. Festivities took place to commemorate the event in the countries that were part of the Maya civilization (Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador), with main events at Chichén Itzá in Mexico and Tikal in Guatemala.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373434549#December", "title": "2012", "revid": 1373434549, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 2017, "year_label": "2017 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 24", "text": "December 24 – Guatemala follows in the footsteps of the United States by announcing that they will also move their Israeli embassy to Jerusalem, followed by Honduras and Panama two days later.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371948773#December", "title": "2017", "revid": 1371948773, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 2021, "year_label": "2021 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "December 9", "text": "December 9 – A truck crash in Chiapas, Mexico, kills 55 migrants who were being smuggled in it from Guatemala through Mexico to its border with the United States.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372689859#December", "title": "2021", "revid": 1372689859, "section": "Events › December"}}]}