{"slug": "gulf-of-corinth", "label": "Gulf of Corinth", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_of_Corinth", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209682", "qid": "Q209682", "description": "gulf of the Ionian Sea, separating Peloponnese from Central Greece", "entries": 7, "years": 7, "span": [-431, 1827], "span_label": ["432 BCE", "1827 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 5}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 2}], "related": [{"slug": "agesilaus-ii", "label": "Agesilaus II", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "acarnania", "label": "Acarnania", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "ancient-corinth", "label": "Ancient Corinth", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "sparta", "label": "Sparta", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "macedon", "label": "Macedon", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "thessalonica", "label": "Thessalonica", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "potidaea", "label": "Potidaea", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "delphi", "label": "Delphi", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "peloponnese", "label": "Peloponnese", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "marcus-vipsanius-agrippa", "label": "Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "greek-war-of-independence", "label": "Greek War of Independence", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -431, "year_label": "432 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Athenian admiral, Phormio, continues the siege of Potidaea by blocking the entrance to the Gulf of Corinth. Meanwhile an Athenian fleet, led by Archestratus, sails for Potidaea. However, instead of attacking Potidaea, they attack the Macedonians under Perdiccas II, who have allied with the Potidaeans. The Athenians capture Therma (modern Thessalonica) and then go on to besiege Pydna. However, as the Athenians are besieging Pydna, they receive news that Corinth has sent a force under the command of Aristeus to support Potidaea. In response, Athens sends more troops and ships under the command of Hipponicus. The combined Athenian force sails to Potidaea and lands there. In the ensuing Battle of Potidaea, the Athenians are victorious against Corinth and its allies.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1330384213#Greece", "title": "432 BC", "revid": 1330384213, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -425, "year_label": "426 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Demosthenes unsuccessfully besieges the Corinthian colony of Leukas. As a result, he does not return to Athens, fearing for his life. However when, later in the year, Ambracia invades Acarnania, and the Acarnanians seek help from Demosthenes, who is patrolling the Ionian Sea coast with twenty Athenian ships, he reaches the Athenian naval base in the Gulf of Corinth at Naupactus and secures it just in time to defend it against a large Spartan army from Delphi under Eurylochus which has come to assist the Ambraciots. Demosthenes defeats the Spartan army and Eurylochus is killed during the Battle of Olpae. The Acarnanians and Ambraciots then sign a peace treaty.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172947#Greece", "title": "426 BC", "revid": 1354172947, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -393, "year_label": "394 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The two sides' armies meet each other again at Coronea, in Theban territory in the Battle of Coronea. Once more, the Spartans under King Agesilaus II are successful in battle. After this victory, Agesilaus sails with his army across the Gulf of Corinth and returns to Sparta.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354172908#Greece", "title": "394 BC", "revid": 1354172908, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -392, "year_label": "393 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "In a night attack, the Spartans and exiles succeed in seizing Lechaeum, Corinth's port on the Gulf of Corinth, and defeat an army that comes out to challenge them the next day.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363862420#Greece", "title": "393 BC", "revid": 1363862420, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -388, "year_label": "389 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "A Spartan expeditionary force under King Agesilaus II crosses the Gulf of Corinth to attack Acarnania, an ally of the anti-Spartan coalition. Agesilaus is eventually able to draw them into a pitched battle, in which the Acarnanians are routed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1292700126#Greece", "title": "389 BC", "revid": 1292700126, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -30, "year_label": "31 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa sails with 300 war galleys to the western Peloponnese, and occupies strategic positions around the Gulf of Corinth to cut off Antony's line of communication.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371049882#Roman_Republic", "title": "31 BC", "revid": 1371049882, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": 1827, "year_label": "1827 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 30", "text": "September 30 – Greek War of Independence: Battle of Itea, a naval battle fought in the Gulf of Corinth.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362794712#October–December", "title": "1827", "revid": 1362794712, "section": "Events › October–December"}}]}