{"slug": "gyges-of-lydia", "label": "Gyges of Lydia", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyges_of_Lydia", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q312537", "qid": "Q312537", "description": "king of Lydia, 7th century BC; subject of story by Herodotus leading to him marrying Candaules' wife Nyssia", "entries": 8, "years": 7, "span": [-717, -643], "span_label": ["718 BCE", "644 BCE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 4}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 1}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 1}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "lydia", "label": "Lydia", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "cimmerians", "label": "Cimmerians", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "anatolia", "label": "Anatolia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "asia-minor", "label": "Asia Minor", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "sardis", "label": "Sardis", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "greece", "label": "Greece", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "assyria", "label": "Assyria", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "libya", "label": "Libya", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "ionia", "label": "Ionia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "caria", "label": "Caria", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "thebes-egypt", "label": "Thebes, Egypt", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -717, "year_label": "718 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "718 BC—Gyges becomes the ruler of Lydia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368385620#Events_and_trends", "title": "710s BC", "revid": 1368385620, "section": "Events and trends"}}, {"year": -686, "year_label": "687 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "687 BC—Gyges becomes king of Lydia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368318910#Events_and_trends", "title": "680s BC", "revid": 1368318910, "section": "Events and trends"}}, {"year": -678, "year_label": "679 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Cimmerians attacked Lydia for the third time, led by their king Lygdamis. The Lydians were defeated, Sardis was sacked, and Gyges was killed, following which he was succeeded by his son, Ardys, who was the father of Sadyattes.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370523084#679_BC", "title": "670s BC", "revid": 1370523084, "section": "Events and trends › 679 BC"}}, {"year": -669, "year_label": "670 BCE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "King Gyges of Lydia's name is minted on the first Greek coins.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370510223#Events", "title": "670 BC", "revid": 1370510223, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": -656, "year_label": "657 BCE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": null, "text": "King Gyges of Lydia establishes a state monopoly in metal coinage, making it illegal for individuals to issue the bean-shaped lumps of electrum used as a medium of exchange in place of commodities (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370510340#Asia_Minor", "title": "657 BC", "revid": 1370510340, "section": "Events › By place › Asia Minor"}}, {"year": -655, "year_label": "656 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Thebes submits to the Egyptian ruler Psamtik I of Sais, who has allied himself with Gyges of Lydia and employs Libyan soldiers in a rebellion against Assyrian rule with help from Carian and Ionian mercenaries. Psamtik permits the city's mayor Mentuemhat to retain his position, who is not only the most powerful Theban but also the fourth prophet of Amon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370510215#Egypt", "title": "656 BC", "revid": 1370510215, "section": "Events › By place › Egypt"}}, {"year": -643, "year_label": "644 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Cimmerian forces from Anatolia conquer Sardis and reach the peak of their power. King Gyges of Lydia has spent most of his 28-year reign fighting his southern and western neighbors in an effort to gain suzerainty over all of Western Asia Minor. He has helped the rebellion of Psamtik I, but he receives no support from his erstwhile Assyrian ally Ashurbanipal. Gyges falls in a battle against the Cimmerians under king Tugdamme (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370510229#Asia_Minor", "title": "644 BC", "revid": 1370510229, "section": "Events › Asia Minor"}}, {"year": -643, "year_label": "644 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Gyges, king of Lydia (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370510229#Deaths", "title": "644 BC", "revid": 1370510229, "section": "Deaths"}}]}