{"slug": "hagia-sophia", "label": "Hagia Sophia", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hagia_Sophia", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12506", "qid": "Q12506", "description": "mosque, museum, and former church in Istanbul, Turkey", "entries": 24, "years": 24, "span": [342, 2020], "span_label": ["342 CE", "2020 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 14}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 3}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 2}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 2}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 1}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "constantinople", "label": "Constantinople", "shared": 9}, {"slug": "byzantine-empire", "label": "Byzantine Empire", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "justinian-i", "label": "Justinian I", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "armenians", "label": "Armenians", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "eastern-orthodox-church", "label": "Eastern Orthodox Church", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "patrician-ancient-rome", "label": "Patrician (ancient Rome)", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "irene-of-athens", "label": "Irene of Athens", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "michael-ii", "label": "Michael II", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "theophilos-emperor", "label": "Theophilos (emperor)", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "church-building", "label": "Church (building)", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "leo-vi-the-wise", "label": "Leo VI the Wise", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "constantine-vii", "label": "Constantine VII", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 342, "year_label": "342 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "February 15", "text": "February 15 – The original Hagia Sophia is dedicated in Constantinople.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1314901667#Religion", "title": "342", "revid": 1314901667, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 360, "year_label": "360 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "February 14", "text": "14 February – The first Hagia Sophia church is consecrated in Constantinople.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332419195#Religion", "title": "AD 360", "revid": 1332419195, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 468, "year_label": "468 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Basiliscus returns to Constantinople after a disastrous expedition against the Vandals. He is forced to seek sanctuary in the church of Hagia Sophia to escape the wrath of the people. Leo I gives him imperial pardon, but banishes him for 3 years to Heraclea Sintica (Thrace).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360138410#Roman_Empire", "title": "468", "revid": 1360138410, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 532, "year_label": "532 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "February 23", "text": "February 23 – Emperor Justinian I orders the building of a new Orthodox Christian basilica in Constantinople – the Hagia Sophia. He chooses Isidore of Miletus and Anthemius of Tralles as architects. The material for the construction is brought from all over the empire, such as large stones from quarries in Porphyry, Egypt. More than 10,000 people are employed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340793755#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "532", "revid": 1340793755, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 537, "year_label": "537 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "December 27", "text": "December 27 – The construction of the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople (begun in 532) is completed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370992976#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "537", "revid": 1370992976, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 558, "year_label": "558 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "May 7", "text": "May 7 – In Constantinople, the dome of the Hagia Sophia collapses due to an earthquake. Emperor Justinian I orders the dome to be rebuilt.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364749209#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "558", "revid": 1364749209, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 562, "year_label": "562 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "December 23", "text": "December 23 – Justinian I re-consecrates Hagia Sophia after its dome is rebuilt. Paul the Silentiary, Byzantine poet, writes an epic poem (Ekphrasis).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364749268#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "562", "revid": 1364749268, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 563, "year_label": "563 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The new Hagia Sophia (cost: 20,000 pounds of gold), with its numerous chapels and shrines, octagonal dome and mosaics, becomes the centre and most visible monument of Eastern Orthodoxy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340800810#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "563", "revid": 1340800810, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 802, "year_label": "802 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "October 31", "text": "October 31 – Empress Irene is deposed after a 5-year reign, and banished to Lesbos. High-ranking patricians place Nikephoros, the minister of finance (logothetes tou genikou), on the throne. He is crowned in the Hagia Sophia at Constantinople, by Patriarch Tarasios, as emperor of the Byzantine Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848783#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "802", "revid": 1340848783, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 815, "year_label": "815 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Synod of Constantinople: A council led by patriarch Theodotus I, in the Hagia Sophia, reinstitutes iconoclasm.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1348647036#Religion", "title": "815", "revid": 1348647036, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 820, "year_label": "820 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "December 25", "text": "December 25 – Emperor Leo V (the Armenian) is assassinated by conspirators in the Hagia Sophia, at Constantinople. Though unarmed, he fights back fiercely but dies of his wounds. He is succeeded by Michael II, the commander of the palace guard (excubitores). Leo's family (including his mother and his wife Theodosia) are exiled to monasteries in Princes' Islands.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1345013367#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "820", "revid": 1345013367, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 830, "year_label": "830 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 5", "text": "June 5 – Emperor Theophilos, 16, marries the Armenian noblewoman Theodora, in the Hagia Sophia at Constantinople. He chooses her during a representation of a bride-show; she becomes empress (Augusta) of the Byzantine Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359310799#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "830", "revid": 1359310799, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 869, "year_label": "869 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "The Hagia Sophia Basilica (church) in Constantinople suffers great damage during an earthquake, which makes the eastern half-dome collapse. Basil I orders it to be repaired.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369351830#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "869", "revid": 1369351830, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 908, "year_label": "908 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "May 15", "text": "May 15 – The three-year-old Constantine VII, the son of Emperor Leo VI (the Wise), is crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire by Patriarch Euthymius I at Constantinople. The ceremony is held in the Hagia Sophia. After the rituals, Constantine is crowned (symbolically) and becomes Leo's successor.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364468131#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "908", "revid": 1364468131, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 963, "year_label": "963 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "August 16", "text": "August 16 – Nikephoros II makes a triumphal entry in Constantinople and is hailed as 'the conqueror'. He is crowned emperor in Hagia Sophia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365272224#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "963", "revid": 1365272224, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 989, "year_label": "989 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "October 25", "text": "October 25 – The Hagia Sophia at Constantinople is struck by a great earthquake, causing the collapse of the western dome arch. Basil II asks the Armenian architect Trdat, the creator of the Cathedral of Ani, to direct the repairs.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357624689#Art", "title": "989", "revid": 1357624689, "section": "Events › By topic › Art"}}, {"year": 1042, "year_label": "1042 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "April 20", "text": "April 20 – Zoë is proclaimed as empress at an assembly in Hagia Sophia, along with her sister Theodora, as co-ruler. Michael V flees to the monastery of Stoudios, but is arrested, blinded and castrated.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350130047#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "1042", "revid": 1350130047, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 1056, "year_label": "1056 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Theodosius, a nephew of the former Emperor Constantine IX, tries to usurp the Byzantine throne, and liberates all the prisoners who flock to his banner. With their support, he marches through the streets of Constantinople to the Palace. There, the Varangian Guard forms outside to stop him. Theodosius loses heart and heads for Hagia Sophia. Later he is captured, and exiled to Pergamon.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365382431#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "1056", "revid": 1365382431, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 1161, "year_label": "1161 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "December 24", "text": "December 24 – The widowed Emperor Manuel I Komnenos marries Maria of Antioch, aged 16, at Hagia Sophia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1300116018#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "1161", "revid": 1300116018, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 1206, "year_label": "1206 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 20", "text": "August 20 – Henry of Flanders is crowned as the second emperor of the Latin Empire, in the Hagia Sophia at Constantinople, after hearing of the death of his brother, Emperor Baldwin I, who has died in prison at Baldwin's Tower in Tsarevets Castle, in Veliko Tarnovo (after being captured by the Bulgarians in 1205). Upon Henry's ascension as Latin emperor, the Lombard nobles of the Kingdom of Thessalonica refuse to give him allegiance.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267066460#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "1206", "revid": 1267066460, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 1261, "year_label": "1261 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "August 15", "text": "August 15 – Michael enters Constantinople in triumph and is crowned as emperor of the Byzantine Empire at the Hagia Sophia. To solidify his claim, the legitimate ruler, John IV Laskaris, is blinded on Michael's orders on December 25, his 11th birthday. Michael banishes him to a monastery and marries his two sisters to lesser Latin and Bulgarian nobles in an attempt to wipe out the Laskarid dynasty.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350011180#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "1261", "revid": 1350011180, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 1346, "year_label": "1346 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Repairs are made in the Hagia Sophia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350441074#Events", "title": "1346", "revid": 1350441074, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1452, "year_label": "1452 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "December 12", "text": "December 12 – Isidore of Kiev, the Latin Patriarch of Constantinople, proclaims the union of the Greek and Latin churches at the Hagia Sophia in hopes of an alliance with Western Christians to prevent the loss of Constantinople to the Ottoman Turks.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1355060030#October–December", "title": "1452", "revid": 1355060030, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 2020, "year_label": "2020 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "July 10", "text": "July 10 – Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan orders the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul to be reverted to a mosque following a supreme court annulment of a 1934 presidential decree that made it into a museum.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371633312#July", "title": "2020", "revid": 1371633312, "section": "Events › July"}}]}