{"slug": "harun-al-rashid", "label": "Harun al-Rashid", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harun_al-Rashid", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131002", "qid": "Q131002", "description": "5th Abbasid caliph (r. 786–809)", "entries": 15, "years": 12, "span": [763, 809], "span_label": ["763 CE", "809 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 7}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 4}, {"title": "Births", "count": 2}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 2}], "related": [{"slug": "abbasid-caliphate", "label": "Abbasid Caliphate", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "asia-minor", "label": "Asia Minor", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "phrygia", "label": "Phrygia", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "abbasid-dynasty", "label": "Abbasid dynasty", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "byzantine-empire", "label": "Byzantine Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "taurus-mountains", "label": "Taurus Mountains", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "egypt", "label": "Egypt", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "iran", "label": "Iran", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "palestine-region", "label": "Palestine (region)", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "cappadocia", "label": "Cappadocia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "arabbyzantine-wars", "label": "Arab–Byzantine wars", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "bilad-al-sham", "label": "Bilad al-Sham", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 763, "year_label": "763 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Harun al-Rashid, Muslim caliph (or 766)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359487766#Births", "title": "763", "revid": 1359487766, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 766, "year_label": "766 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Harun al-Rashid, Muslim caliph (or 763)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267073182#Births", "title": "766", "revid": 1267073182, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 781, "year_label": "781 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Marriage of Abbasid prince Harun ibn al-Mahdi (future caliph Harun al-Rashid) and Zubaidah bint Ja'far.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848254#Asia", "title": "781", "revid": 1340848254, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 782, "year_label": "782 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Arab–Byzantine War: Arab forces (95,000 men) under Harun al-Rashid, son of the Abbasid caliph Al-Mahdi, cross the Taurus Mountains and capture the Byzantine border fortress of Magida. Harun leaves his lieutenant Al-Rabi' ibn Yunus to besiege the city of Nakoleia (Phrygia), while another force (30,000 men), probably under Yahya ibn Khalid, is sent to raid the western coastlands of Asia Minor. Harun himself, with the main army, advances to the Opsician Theme.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267081621#Abbasid_Empire", "title": "782", "revid": 1267081621, "section": "Events › By place › Abbasid Empire"}}, {"year": 786, "year_label": "786 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "September 14", "text": "September 14 – Harun al-Rashid becomes the Abbasid caliph in Baghdad, upon the death of his brother Al-Hadi. He appoints Salim Yunisi as governor of Sindh and the Indus Valley.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848276#Abbasid_Caliphate", "title": "786", "revid": 1340848276, "section": "Events › By place › Abbasid Caliphate"}}, {"year": 789, "year_label": "789 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Al-Khayzuran, widow of former Abbasid caliph Al-Mahdi, dies, leaving more of the effective and real power in the hands of Harun al-Rashid.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848283#Islamic_Caliphate", "title": "789", "revid": 1340848283, "section": "Events › By place › Islamic Caliphate"}}, {"year": 789, "year_label": "789 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Al-Khayzuran, powerful wife and adviser of Abbasid caliph Al-Mahdi and the excellent mother of Al-Hadi and Harun Al-Rashid, the Abbasid caliphs, de facto co-ruler of the Abbasid Caliphate", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848283#Deaths", "title": "789", "revid": 1340848283, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 791, "year_label": "791 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Emir Idris I, founder of the Idrisid dynasty and kingdom of Morocco, is poisoned on orders of Caliph Harun al-Rashid. He is succeeded by his son Idris II (only just two months old), who is raised by his mother Kenza among the Berbers of Volubilis.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364749143#Africa", "title": "791", "revid": 1364749143, "section": "Events › By place › Africa"}}, {"year": 802, "year_label": "802 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The Mecca Protocol: Caliph Harun al-Rashid and the leading officials of the Abbasid Caliphate perform the hajj to Mecca, where the line of succession is finalized. Harun's eldest son al-Amin is named heir, but his second son al-Ma'mun is named as al-Amin's heir, and ruler of a broadly autonomous Khurasan. A third son, al-Qasim, is added as third heir, and receives responsibility over the frontier areas with the Byzantine Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848783#Abbasid_Caliphate", "title": "802", "revid": 1340848783, "section": "Events › By place › Abbasid Caliphate"}}, {"year": 803, "year_label": "803 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Caliph Harun al-Rashid has his friend and vizier (secretary) Ja'far ibn Yahya beheaded, The surviving members of the influential Barmakid family (Jafar's family) are imprisoned on the orders of Harun, and their property is confiscated.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848789#Abbasid_Caliphate", "title": "803", "revid": 1340848789, "section": "Events › By place › Abbasid Caliphate"}}, {"year": 803, "year_label": "803 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "November", "text": "November - December: Caliph Harun al-Rashid marries Umm Muhammad, the daughter of Abbasid prince Salih al-Miskin and Umm Abdullah, the daughter of Isa ibn Ali, in Al-raqqah. She had formerly been married to Ibrahim ibn al-Mahdi, who had repudiated her.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848789#Abbasid_Caliphate", "title": "803", "revid": 1340848789, "section": "Events › By place › Abbasid Caliphate"}}, {"year": 804, "year_label": "804 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Battle of Krasos: Emperor Nikephoros I refuses to pay the tribute imposed by Caliph Harun al-Rashid of the Abbasid Caliphate. A Muslim-Arab expeditionary force invades Asia Minor. During a surprise attack, Nikephoros suffers a major defeat against the Saracens at Krasos in Phrygia. According to Arabian sources, the Byzantines lose 40,700 men and 4,000 pack animals, while Nikephoros himself is almost killed, but saved by the bravery of his officers.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267076299#Abbasid_Caliphate", "title": "804", "revid": 1267076299, "section": "Events › By place › Abbasid Caliphate"}}, {"year": 804, "year_label": "804 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Abbasid caliph Harun al-Rashid marries Abbasa, the daughter of Abbasid prince and official Sulayman.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267076299#Abbasid_Caliphate", "title": "804", "revid": 1267076299, "section": "Events › By place › Abbasid Caliphate"}}, {"year": 806, "year_label": "806 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Arab–Byzantine wars: Caliph Harun al-Rashid leads a huge military expedition, assembling men from Syria, Palestine, Persia, and Egypt. The invasion army (reportedly 135,000 men) departs from Raqqa, residence of Harun, and enters Cappadocia through the Cilician Gates, sacking several Byzantine fortresses and cities. Heraclea is captured after a month-long siege (August/September). The city is plundered and razed; its inhabitants are enslaved and deported to the Abbasid Caliphate.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1292643508#Abbasid_Caliphate", "title": "806", "revid": 1292643508, "section": "Events › By place › Abbasid Caliphate"}}, {"year": 809, "year_label": "809 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 24", "text": "March 24 – Harun al-Rashid, Muslim caliph (b. 763)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361629793#Deaths", "title": "809", "revid": 1361629793, "section": "Deaths"}}]}