{"slug": "heidelberg", "label": "Heidelberg", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heidelberg", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2966", "qid": "Q2966", "description": "large city in Baden-Württemberg, Germany", "entries": 10, "years": 9, "span": [1390, 1884], "span_label": ["1390 CE", "1884 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Deaths", "count": 4}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 4}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 1}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "holy-roman-empire", "label": "Holy Roman Empire", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "thirty-years-war", "label": "Thirty Years' War", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "germany", "label": "Germany", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "martin-luther", "label": "Martin Luther", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "augustinians", "label": "Augustinians", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "dutch-republic", "label": "Dutch Republic", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "louis-xiv", "label": "Louis XIV", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "nine-years-war", "label": "Nine Years' War", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1390, "year_label": "1390 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "February 16", "text": "February 16 – At Heidelberg (now in Germany) Ruprecht II of the House of Wittelsbach becomes the new Elector of the Palatinate in the Holy Roman Empire upon the death of his uncle, Rupert I.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371631980#January–March", "title": "1390", "revid": 1371631980, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1436, "year_label": "1436 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "December 30", "text": "December 30 – In the Holy Roman Empire, at Heidelberg, 13-year-old Ludwig IV of Wittelsbach becomes the new Elector of Palatine, one of the seven imperial electors and ruler of the Rhineland, upon the death of his father, Ludwig III. During his minority, Ludwig IV is guided by his uncle and guardian, Otto of Mosbach.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351320639#October–December", "title": "1436", "revid": 1351320639, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1518, "year_label": "1518 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "April 26", "text": "April 26 – Martin Luther makes the first public defense of his views at a gathering of the Roman Catholic order of Augustinians, at what becomes known as the Heidelberg Disputation at a lecture hall at Heidelberg in the Electoral Palatinate in Germany. While there, he is challenged to a theological debate by Johann Eck, the German leader of the anti-Reformation movement.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362000593#April–June", "title": "1518", "revid": 1362000593, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1544, "year_label": "1544 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 16", "text": "March 16 – Friedrich II becomes the new Elector Palatine of Germany's Rhineland within the Holy Roman Empire upon the death of his brother Ludwig V at Heidelberg.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359947848#January–March", "title": "1544", "revid": 1359947848, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1576, "year_label": "1576 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "October 26", "text": "October 26 – In Germany, Ludwig of Simmern becomes the new Elector Palatine of the Rhine 10 days after the death of his father, Frederick III, taking office at the Palatinate capital at Heidelberg as Ludwig VI.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362635528#October–December", "title": "1576", "revid": 1362635528, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1622, "year_label": "1622 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 13", "text": "July 13 – Thirty Years' War: After Mansfeld fails to relieve the siege of Heidelberg, Frederick V of the Palatinate cancels Mansfeld's contract and disbands his army. The unemployed army of Mansfeld and Christian the Younger of Brunswick is subsequently hired by the Dutch.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366857889#July–September", "title": "1622", "revid": 1366857889, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1622, "year_label": "1622 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 19", "text": "September 19 – Thirty Years' War: Heidelberg, the capital of the Electorate of the Palatinate, is taken by the Imperial army of Tilly' after a three-month siege.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366857889#July–September", "title": "1622", "revid": 1366857889, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1689, "year_label": "1689 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 2", "text": "March 2 – Nine Years' War: As French forces leave, they set fire to Heidelberg Castle, and the nearby town of Heidelberg.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365638130#January–March", "title": "1689", "revid": 1365638130, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1693, "year_label": "1693 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 18", "text": "May 18 – Forces of Louis XIV of France attack Heidelberg, capital of the Electorate of the Palatinate.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1343170745#April–June", "title": "1693", "revid": 1343170745, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1884, "year_label": "1884 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "September 15", "text": "September 15 – The invention of local anesthesia by ophthalmologist Karl Koller is made public at a medical congress in Heidelberg, Germany.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364372487#September", "title": "1884", "revid": 1364372487, "section": "Events › September"}}]}