{"slug": "helsinki", "label": "Helsinki", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helsinki", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1757", "qid": "Q1757", "description": "capital and most populous city of Finland", "entries": 27, "years": 26, "span": [1550, 2022], "span_label": ["1550 CE", "2022 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 11}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 5}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 4}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 3}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 2}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 2}], "related": [{"slug": "finland", "label": "Finland", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "soviet-union", "label": "Soviet Union", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "sweden", "label": "Sweden", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "gustav-i-of-sweden", "label": "Gustav I of Sweden", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "united-states", "label": "United States", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "cold-war", "label": "Cold War", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "estonia", "label": "Estonia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "lithuania", "label": "Lithuania", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "latvia", "label": "Latvia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "tokyo", "label": "Tokyo", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "great-northern-war", "label": "Great Northern War", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1550, "year_label": "1550 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "June 12", "text": "June 12 – The city of Helsinki (now in Finland but known as Helsingfors in Sweden at this time) is founded by King Gustav I of Sweden.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369571608#April–June", "title": "1550", "revid": 1369571608, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1713, "year_label": "1713 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 2", "text": "May 2 – In the Great Northern War, a fleet of the Russian Navy, transporting 12,000 soldiers, sails from Kronstadt to attack the Swedish Army at Helsinki.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360271134#April–June", "title": "1713", "revid": 1360271134, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1742, "year_label": "1742 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 20", "text": "August 20 – The Swedish-Russian War effectively ends as 17,000 Swedish troops surrender in Finland at Helsingfors (Helsinki).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360184270#July–September", "title": "1742", "revid": 1360184270, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1743, "year_label": "1743 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 24", "text": "August 24 – The War of the Hats: The Swedish army surrendered to the Russians in Helsinki, ending the war and starting Lesser Wrath.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360887949#July–September", "title": "1743", "revid": 1360887949, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1748, "year_label": "1748 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "Construction of the Sveaborg fortification begins near Helsinki.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361284371#Date_unknown", "title": "1748", "revid": 1361284371, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1808, "year_label": "1808 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 2", "text": "March 2 – Russian troops occupy Helsinki and threaten Sveaborg.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369185588#January–March", "title": "1808", "revid": 1369185588, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1812, "year_label": "1812 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "April 8", "text": "April 8 – The capital of Finland is moved from Turku to Helsinki, when Russia's Tsar Alexander I signs an edict moving the Government Council of the Grand Duchy of Finland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364673712#April–June", "title": "1812", "revid": 1364673712, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1852, "year_label": "1852 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "February 15", "text": "February 15 – The Helsinki Cathedral (known as St. Nicholas' Church at time) is officially inaugurated in Helsinki, Finland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354165010#January–March", "title": "1852", "revid": 1354165010, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1862, "year_label": "1862 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "March 17", "text": "March 17 – The first railway line in Finland, between the cities of Helsinki and Hämeenlinna, is officially opened.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358615004#March", "title": "1862", "revid": 1358615004, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1902, "year_label": "1902 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "March 8", "text": "March 8 – Jean Sibelius's Symphony No. 2 is premiered in Helsinki.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373318639#March", "title": "1902", "revid": 1373318639, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1911, "year_label": "1911 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "April 3", "text": "April 3 – Jean Sibelius conducts the premiere of his Symphony No. 4, in Helsinki.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373497014#April", "title": "1911", "revid": 1373497014, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1915, "year_label": "1915 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "December 8", "text": "December 8 – Jean Sibelius conducts the world première of his Symphony No. 5 in Helsinki at a 50th birthday concert for him.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373518749#December", "title": "1915", "revid": 1373518749, "section": "Events › December"}}, {"year": 1918, "year_label": "1918 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "May 16", "text": "May 16 – The victory military parade by the Finnish White Guard is held in Helsinki celebrating their decisive victory in the Finnish Civil War. The day also begin to be celebrated on the Defence Forces Flag Day before it is moved in 1942 to the June 4th.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373520023#May", "title": "1918", "revid": 1373520023, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1930, "year_label": "1930 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 7", "text": "July 7 – The far-right Lapua Movement marches in Helsinki, Finland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373315156#July", "title": "1930", "revid": 1373315156, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1931, "year_label": "1931 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 7", "text": "March 7 – The Finnish Parliament House opens in Helsinki, Finland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371310518#March", "title": "1931", "revid": 1371310518, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1932, "year_label": "1932 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "September 28", "text": "September 28 – The court of Helsinki sentences Vilho Kallio, Ville Saari and Ida Maria Viden to prison for the Tattarisuo mutilation case.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370718676#September", "title": "1932", "revid": 1370718676, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1940, "year_label": "1940 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "July 20", "text": "July 20–August 4 – Scheduled dates for the 1940 Summer Olympics in Helsinki, Finland, cancelled in November 1939 due to WWII (originally allocated to Tokyo, Japan).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368818987#July", "title": "1940", "revid": 1368818987, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1944, "year_label": "1944 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "November 16", "text": "November 16 – The Jussi Awards, the Finnish film award ceremony, is held for the first time at Restaurant Adlon in Helsinki.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370022611#November", "title": "1944", "revid": 1370022611, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1951, "year_label": "1951 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "April 21", "text": "April 21 – The National Olympic Committee of the Soviet Union is formed. The USSR will first participate in the Olympic Games at Helsinki, Finland, in 1952.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368856437#April", "title": "1951", "revid": 1368856437, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1951, "year_label": "1951 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "July 13", "text": "July 13 – Vuoristorata, one of the oldest still-operating wooden roller coasters in Europe, is opened at the Linnanmäki amusement park in Helsinki, Finland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368856437#July", "title": "1951", "revid": 1368856437, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1952, "year_label": "1952 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "July 19", "text": "July 19–August 3 – The 1952 Summer Olympics are held in Helsinki, Finland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373187098#July–August", "title": "1952", "revid": 1373187098, "section": "Events › July–August"}}, {"year": 1962, "year_label": "1962 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "March 23", "text": "March 23 – The Scandinavian States of the Nordic Council sign the Helsinki Convention on Nordic Co-operation.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373095518#March", "title": "1962", "revid": 1373095518, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1969, "year_label": "1969 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "November 17", "text": "November 17 – Cold War: Negotiators from the Soviet Union and the United States meet in Helsinki, to begin the SALT I negotiations aimed at limiting the number of strategic weapons on both sides.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373164180#November", "title": "1969", "revid": 1373164180, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 1989, "year_label": "1989 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "March 3", "text": "March 3 – Jammu Siltavuori abducts and murders two eight-year-old girls in the Myllypuro suburb of Helsinki, Finland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369557705#March", "title": "1989", "revid": 1369557705, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 1991, "year_label": "1991 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 15", "text": "October 15 – The leaders of the Baltic States—Arnold Rüütel of Estonia, Anatolijs Gorbunovs of Latvia, and the Vytautas Landsbergis of Lithuania—sign the OSCE Final Act in Helsinki, Finland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371487470#October", "title": "1991", "revid": 1371487470, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 2007, "year_label": "2007 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "May 10", "text": "May 10–12 – The Eurovision Song Contest 2007 takes place in Helsinki, Finland, and is won by Serbian entrant Marija Šerifović with the song \"Molitva\".", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370930640#May", "title": "2007", "revid": 1370930640, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2022, "year_label": "2022 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "August 10", "text": "August 10 – Spanish club Real Madrid beat German club Eintracht Frankfurt 2–0 to win the 2022 UEFA Super Cup played at the Olympic Stadium in Helsinki, Finland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371998228#August", "title": "2022", "revid": 1371998228, "section": "Events › August"}}]}