{"slug": "henry-iv-holy-roman-emperor", "label": "Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_IV%2C_Holy_Roman_Emperor", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60094", "qid": "Q60094", "description": "Holy Roman Emperor from 1084 to 1105", "entries": 26, "years": 26, "span": [1053, 1143], "span_label": ["1053 CE", "1143 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 10}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 6}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 4}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 3}, {"title": "Births", "count": 2}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "pope-gregory-vii", "label": "Pope Gregory VII", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "germany", "label": "Germany", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "rome", "label": "Rome", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "kingdom-of-italy-holy-roman-empire", "label": "Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "henry-v-holy-roman-emperor", "label": "Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "duchy-of-swabia", "label": "Duchy of Swabia", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "pope-urban-ii", "label": "Pope Urban II", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "holy-roman-empire", "label": "Holy Roman Empire", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "thuringia", "label": "Thuringia", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "henry-iii-holy-roman-emperor", "label": "Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "cologne", "label": "Cologne", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "castel-sant-angelo", "label": "Castel Sant'Angelo", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1053, "year_label": "1053 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "December", "text": "December – Conrad I, duke of Bavaria, is summoned to a Christmas court at Merseburg, and deposed by Emperor Henry III. He flees to King Andrew I in Hungary, and joins a coalition with the rebellious Welf III, duke of Carinthia. Henry's 4-year-old son Henry becomes the new duke of Bavaria.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350130055#Europe", "title": "1053", "revid": 1350130055, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1056, "year_label": "1056 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "October 5", "text": "October 5 – Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor (\"the Black\") dies after a 10-year reign at Bodfeld, an imperial hunting lodge (Königspfalz) in the Harz Mountains. He is succeeded by his 5-year-old only son Henry IV as \"king of the Germans\" and enthroned by Pope Victor II (also a German) at Aachen – while his mother, Empress Agnes of Poitou, becomes co-regent.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365382431#Europe", "title": "1056", "revid": 1365382431, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1062, "year_label": "1062 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Spring – Coup of Kaiserswerth: The 11-year-old King Henry IV is abducted, as a result of a conspiracy of German nobles led by Anno II, archbishop of Cologne. Henry's education and training is supervised by Anno, who acts as his regent and is called his magister (his \"master\" or \"teacher\"). Empress Agnes of Poitou (Henry's mother) resigns the throne, and Anno with the archbishops Siegfried I and Adalbert of Hamburg takes her place.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361243522#Europe", "title": "1062", "revid": 1361243522, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1072, "year_label": "1072 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Agnes of Waiblingen, daughter of Henry IV (or 1073)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332932811#Births", "title": "1072", "revid": 1332932811, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1073, "year_label": "1073 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Agnes of Waiblingen, daughter of Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1143)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365270579#Births", "title": "1073", "revid": 1365270579, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1074, "year_label": "1074 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "February 2", "text": "February 2 – Treaty of Gerstungen: King Henry IV is forced to restore the peace with Duke Otto of Nordheim (one of the Saxon leaders of the Saxon Rebellion). He signs a treaty in Gerstungen Castle, on the River Werra in Thuringia (modern Germany).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1339713038#Europe", "title": "1074", "revid": 1339713038, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1075, "year_label": "1075 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 9", "text": "June 9 – First Battle of Langensalza: Emperor Henry IV defeats the Saxon nobles on the River Unstrut near Langensalza in Thuringia (modern Germany). He subjugates Saxony, and immediately tries to reassert his rights as the sovereign of northern Italy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365265849#Europe", "title": "1075", "revid": 1365265849, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1076, "year_label": "1076 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "January 24", "text": "January 24 – Synod of Worms: Emperor Henry IV, holds a synod in Worms (modern Germany). The assembly declares Pope Gregory VII deposed, and the bishops abandon their allegiance to him.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362789427#Europe", "title": "1076", "revid": 1362789427, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1077, "year_label": "1077 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "January 25", "text": "January 25 – Walk to Canossa: Emperor Henry IV travels to the Castle of Canossa near Reggio Emilia (Northern Italy), to visit Pope Gregory VII. He waits (with his wife Bertha of Savoy and son Conrad) at the gates for three days, for absolution of his excommunication. Gregory lifts the sentence, imposing on Henry a vow to comply with certain conditions (see Investiture Controversy).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1303472978#Europe", "title": "1077", "revid": 1303472978, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1078, "year_label": "1078 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 7", "text": "August 7 – Battle of Mellrichstadt: Emperor Henry IV defeats the German anti-king Rudolf of Rheinfelden, duke of Swabia, near Mellrichstadt (modern Germany).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1329585949#Europe", "title": "1078", "revid": 1329585949, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1079, "year_label": "1079 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Henry IV appoints Frederick I as duke of Swabia at Hohenstaufen Castle. Henry's 7-year-old daughter Agnes of Waiblingen is betrothed to Frederick who founds the Hohenstaufen Dynasty.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267068328#Europe", "title": "1079", "revid": 1267068328, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1080, "year_label": "1080 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 27", "text": "January 27 – Battle of Flarchheim: Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor, defeats the forces led by the German anti-king Rudolf of Rheinfelden, duke of Swabia, near the town of Flarchheim (modern Germany).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363303187#Europe", "title": "1080", "revid": 1363303187, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1081, "year_label": "1081 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Pope Gregory VII writes a letter to Bishop Hermann of Metz about the behavior of Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1312347020#Religion", "title": "1081", "revid": 1312347020, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1082, "year_label": "1082 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Winter – Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor, leads an expedition into Italy and besieges Rome. He gains entry and a synod is agreed upon by the Romans to rule on the dispute between Henry and Pope Gregory VII.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267070113#Europe", "title": "1082", "revid": 1267070113, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1083, "year_label": "1083 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Summer – Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor besieges Pope Gregory VII in Castel Sant'Angelo at Rome.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267070185#Europe", "title": "1083", "revid": 1267070185, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1084, "year_label": "1084 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "March 31", "text": "March 31 – Emperor Henry IV besieges Rome and enters the city. He is crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Antipope Clement III in Rome and receives the patrician authority.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267072083#Europe", "title": "1084", "revid": 1267072083, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1085, "year_label": "1085 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Emperor Henry IV declares the Peace of God in all the imperial territories of the Holy Roman Empire to quell any sedition.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362159073#Europe", "title": "1085", "revid": 1362159073, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1089, "year_label": "1089 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "August 18", "text": "August 18 – Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor, marries Eupraxia of Kiev (daughter of Grand Prince Vsevolod I) at Cologne. She is crowned and assumes the name Adelaide (or Adelheid).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365270667#Europe", "title": "1089", "revid": 1365270667, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1092, "year_label": "1092 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 14", "text": "January 14 – Vratislaus II, the first king of Bohemia, dies after a 6½-year reign and is succeeded by his brother Conrad I who becomes duke and not king because Vratislaus was elevated to the royal dignity 'for life' by Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor (in 1085). Conrad dies September 6 after a 8-month reign and is succeeded by his nephew Bretislav II (the eldest son of Vratislaus).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1273814679#Europe", "title": "1092", "revid": 1273814679, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1096, "year_label": "1096 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "August", "text": "August – Godfrey of Bouillon, duke of Lower Lorraine, accompanied by his younger brother Baldwin, sets off to join the First Crusade (called by Pope Urban II) at the head of an army of some 40,000 men. He pledges his allegiance to Emperor Henry IV who issues an order not to harm Jewish communities.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365266324#First_Crusade", "title": "1096", "revid": 1365266324, "section": "Events › By place › First Crusade"}}, {"year": 1100, "year_label": "1100 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "September 8", "text": "September 8 – Antipope Clement III dies at Civita Castellana after a 20-year reign in opposition to the legitimate popes Gregory VII, Victor III and Urban II. Supporters of Emperor Henry IV in Rome choose Theodoric as his successor.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365265768#Religion", "title": "1100", "revid": 1365265768, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1105, "year_label": "1105 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "December 31", "text": "December 31 – Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor, is deposed by his son Henry V (who is king of Germany). Henry is forced to resign his crown and is imprisoned in the castle of Böckelheim.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365268232#Europe", "title": "1105", "revid": 1365268232, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1106, "year_label": "1106 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 7", "text": "August 7 – Emperor Henry IV escapes his captors at Ingelheim. He enters into negotiations at Cologne with English, French and Danish noblemen, and begins to collect an army to oppose his son Henry V but dies at Liège after a 49-year reign. Henry leads a successful expedition against Count Robert II of Flanders and is forced to swear his allegiance to him.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365266175#Europe", "title": "1106", "revid": 1365266175, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1110, "year_label": "1110 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Henry V, King of Germany, invades Italy with a large army and concludes an agreement with Pope Paschal II at Sutri. Henry renounces the right of investiture (a dispute with the former Henry IV). In return, Paschal promises to crown him emperor and to restore to the Holy Roman Empire all the lands given to the German church (since the time of Charlemagne).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368871350#Europe", "title": "1110", "revid": 1368871350, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1115, "year_label": "1115 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 24", "text": "July 24 – Matilda, margravine of Tuscany, dies at Bondeno. During her reign she waged an intermittent war with Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor, over the inheritance rights of her fiefs in Lombardy and Tuscany.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369310142#Europe", "title": "1115", "revid": 1369310142, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1143, "year_label": "1143 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "September 24", "text": "September 24 – Agnes of Waiblingen, daughter of Henry IV (b. 1072)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1337864253#Deaths", "title": "1143", "revid": 1337864253, "section": "Deaths"}}]}