{"slug": "henry-iv-of-england", "label": "Henry IV of England", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_IV_of_England", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161866", "qid": "Q161866", "description": "King of England from 1399 to 1413", "entries": 35, "years": 18, "span": [1377, 1421], "span_label": ["1377 CE", "1421 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Deaths", "count": 9}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 8}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 5}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 5}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 4}, {"title": "Births", "count": 1}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 1}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "richard-ii-of-england", "label": "Richard II of England", "shared": 9}, {"slug": "ireland", "label": "Ireland", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "owain-glyndwr", "label": "Owain Glyndŵr", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "england", "label": "England", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "james-i-of-scotland", "label": "James I of Scotland", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "john-of-gaunt", "label": "John of Gaunt", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "london", "label": "London", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "wales", "label": "Wales", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "oxford", "label": "Oxford", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "westminster-abbey", "label": "Westminster Abbey", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "english-channel", "label": "English Channel", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "english-parliament", "label": "English Parliament", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1377, "year_label": "1377 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "April 23", "text": "April 23 – King Edward III of England formally confers knighthood upon two of his grandsons, both aged 10, Prince Richard of Woodstock (son of King Edward's deceased son Edward the Black Prince), and upon Henry Bolingbroke (son of John of Gaunt), as well as his 13-year-old illegitimate son John de Southeray, and 11-year-old John de Mowbray. Two months later, Prince Richard will become King Richard II upon Edward's death, and in 1399, Bolingbroke will overthrow Richard and becomes King Henry IV.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368383535#April–June", "title": "1377", "revid": 1368383535, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1388, "year_label": "1388 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Thomas of Lancaster, Duke of Clarence, second son of Henry IV of England (d. 1421)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360557860#Births", "title": "1388", "revid": 1360557860, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1390, "year_label": "1390 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 11", "text": "September 11 – Lithuanian Civil War: The coalition of Vytautas and the Teutonic Knights begins a 5-week siege of Vilnius. The Duke of Hereford (the future King Henry IV of England) is among the western European knights serving with the coalition.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371631980#July–September", "title": "1390", "revid": 1371631980, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1394, "year_label": "1394 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "June 4", "text": "June 4 – Mary de Bohun, English countess, married to Henry IV of England", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371593498#Deaths", "title": "1394", "revid": 1371593498, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1398, "year_label": "1398 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "September 16", "text": "September 16 – King Richard II of England exiles his cousin Henry Bolingbroke (the future Henry IV of England) for 10 years, in order to end Henry's feud with Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, who is also exiled.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370372737#July–September", "title": "1398", "revid": 1370372737, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1399, "year_label": "1399 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 19", "text": "August 19 – Richard II of England is taken prisoner by Henry Bolingbroke upon his return from Ireland and surrenders at Flint Castle in return for his life.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362188981#July–September", "title": "1399", "revid": 1362188981, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1399, "year_label": "1399 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "February 3", "text": "February 3 – John of Gaunt, Duke of Aquitaine uncle of King Richard II of England and father of Henry Bolingbroke, dies and King Richard becomes ruler of the Duchy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362188981#January–March", "title": "1399", "revid": 1362188981, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1399, "year_label": "1399 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "July 4", "text": "July 4 – While Richard II of England is away on a military campaign in Ireland, Henry Bolingbroke, with exiled former archbishop of Canterbury Thomas Arundel as an advisor, returns to England and begins a military campaign to reclaim his confiscated lands.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362188981#July–September", "title": "1399", "revid": 1362188981, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1399, "year_label": "1399 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "March 18", "text": "March 18 – Richard II of England cancels the legal documents allowing the exiled Henry Bolingbroke to inherit his father's lands, leading to Henry's decision to overthrow King Richard.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362188981#January–March", "title": "1399", "revid": 1362188981, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1399, "year_label": "1399 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "October 13", "text": "October 13 – Henry Bolingborke is crowned as King Henry IV of England at Westminster Abbey.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362188981#October–December", "title": "1399", "revid": 1362188981, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1399, "year_label": "1399 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 30", "text": "September 30 – King Richard II of England surrenders his crown to Henry Bolingbroke at an assembly of the House of Lords at Westminster Hall in London, where articles of desposition are read to him by the Archbishop of Canterbury. King Richard abdicates, and the Lords proclaim Bolingbroke as King Henry IV.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362188981#July–September", "title": "1399", "revid": 1362188981, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1400, "year_label": "1400 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": null, "text": "Newcastle upon Tyne is created a county corporate, by Henry IV of England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369029011#Date_unknown", "title": "1400", "revid": 1369029011, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1400, "year_label": "1400 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 21", "text": "April 21 – Sir Thomas Percy, 1st Earl of Worcester, resigns as England's Admiral of the North and West to join the resistance against King Henry IV. The office will remain vacant for more than six years. Percy will be beheaded in 1403 after his defeat in the Battle of Shrewsbury.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369029011#April–June", "title": "1400", "revid": 1369029011, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1400, "year_label": "1400 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "December 21", "text": "December 21 – Manuel II Palaiologos becomes the only Byzantine Emperor ever to visit England, and is greeted at Blackheath by King Henry IV, who hosts the Emperor at Eltham Palace during the Christmas holiday.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369029011#October–December", "title": "1400", "revid": 1369029011, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1400, "year_label": "1400 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "February 14", "text": "February 14 – The deposed Richard II of England dies by means unknown in Pontefract Castle. It is likely that King Henry IV ordered his death by starvation, to prevent further uprisings.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369029011#January–March", "title": "1400", "revid": 1369029011, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1400, "year_label": "1400 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January 4", "text": "January 4 – The Epiphany Rising begins in England against King Henry IV by nobles planning to restore King Richard II to the throne, and is quickly crushed. Baron Lumley dies after attempting to seize Cirencester. The Earl of Salisbury and the Earl of Kent are captured and beheaded on January 7. Sir Thomas Blount is hanged, drawn and quartered at Oxford on January 12. Thomas le Despenser, 1st Earl of Gloucester is captured and executed by a mob in Bristol on January 13. The Earl of Huntingdon is beheaded at Pleshey on January 16.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369029011#January–March", "title": "1400", "revid": 1369029011, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1400, "year_label": "1400 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "July 7", "text": "July 7 – Sir John Swinton, an envoy of King Robert III of Scotland, crosses the border into England along with 20 knights, after being given a writ of safe conduct by King Henry IV to allow their travel to negotiate during the standoff between the two British kingdoms between phases of the Hundred Years' War.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369029011#July–September", "title": "1400", "revid": 1369029011, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1402, "year_label": "1402 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "April 3", "text": "April 3 – King Henry IV of England is married by proxy to Joan of Navarre in a ceremony at the Eltham Palace near London.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371594109#April–June", "title": "1402", "revid": 1371594109, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1403, "year_label": "1403 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "February 7", "text": "February 7 – King Henry IV of England marries as his second wife Joan of Navarre, the daughter of King Charles II of Navarre and widow of Duke John IV of Brittany, at Winchester Cathedral.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371593649#January–March", "title": "1403", "revid": 1371593649, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1403, "year_label": "1403 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 21", "text": "July 21 – Battle of Shrewsbury: King Henry IV of England defeats a rebel army led by \"Hotspur\" Percy, who had allied with the Welsh rebel Owain Glyndŵr. Percy is killed in the battle.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371593649#July–September", "title": "1403", "revid": 1371593649, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1403, "year_label": "1403 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 9", "text": "November 9 – Waleran III, Count of Ligny, a relative in France of the late King Richard II of England, informs King Henry IV (who killed King Richard) of plans to lead an attack on England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371593649#October–December", "title": "1403", "revid": 1371593649, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1404, "year_label": "1404 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 14", "text": "January 14 – The fourth Parliament of King Henry IV of England opens for a session of two months.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361962096#January–March", "title": "1404", "revid": 1361962096, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1405, "year_label": "1405 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "June 8", "text": "June 8 – Richard le Scrope, Archbishop of York and Thomas Mowbray, Earl of Norfolk, are executed in York on Henry IV's orders.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1337543539#April–June", "title": "1405", "revid": 1337543539, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1406, "year_label": "1406 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "April 4", "text": "April 4 – James I becomes King of Scotland on the death of his father. He has been detained by Henry IV of England since March 30 and will remain at the English court for 18 years. With James absent, Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany administers the kingdom as \"Governor of Scotland\".", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357536622#April–June", "title": "1406", "revid": 1357536622, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1406, "year_label": "1406 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "March 22", "text": "March 22 – On \"Monday before the Annunciation\", Prince James, the 10-year-old son of King Robert III of Scotland, is captured while being taken across the English Channel from Scotland to France when the ship he is on, Maryenknyght, by privateers Hugh atte Fen, William Oxeney, John Hacon and Nicholas Steyward of Cley. The crown prince is delivered to London where he is held hostage by King Henry IV of England for the next 18 years.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357536622#January–March", "title": "1406", "revid": 1357536622, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1406, "year_label": "1406 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "October 26", "text": "October 26 – Erik of Pomerania, ruler of the Kalmar Union, marries Philippa, daughter of Henry IV of England, in Lund Cathedral.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357536622#October–December", "title": "1406", "revid": 1357536622, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1409, "year_label": "1409 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 23", "text": "November 23 – King Henry IV of England sends a letter to all leading nobles, including a warning to them to have no further communication or entreaty with the Welsh rebel Owain Glyndŵr.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361998092#October–December", "title": "1409", "revid": 1361998092, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1409, "year_label": "1409 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 26", "text": "October 26 – King Henry IV of England summons the English Parliament to assemble, starting on January 27.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361998092#October–December", "title": "1409", "revid": 1361998092, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1411, "year_label": "1411 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 30", "text": "November 30 – Henry IV dismisses Prince Henry and his supporters from the government. The next day, the leader of the Armagnacs, the Duke of Orleans, finds that the gates to the walled city of Paris have been locked and are closely guarded.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354941251#October–December", "title": "1411", "revid": 1354941251, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1411, "year_label": "1411 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "September 21", "text": "September 21 – King Henry IV of England calls his ninth parliament.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354941251#July–September", "title": "1411", "revid": 1354941251, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1412, "year_label": "1412 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "December 1", "text": "December 1 – King Henry IV of England issues a summons of the English Parliament for his final time, directing the members of Commons and the House of Lords to assemble on February 3.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357537157#October–December", "title": "1412", "revid": 1357537157, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1413, "year_label": "1413 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "February 3", "text": "February 3 – The 10th and final English Parliament of King Henry IV opens its session, but closes abruptly after six weeks because of the death of the King.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357114633#January–March", "title": "1413", "revid": 1357114633, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1413, "year_label": "1413 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 20", "text": "March 20 – Henry IV of England (b. 1367)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357114633#Deaths", "title": "1413", "revid": 1357114633, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1416, "year_label": "1416 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "December 29", "text": "December 29 – Mathew Swetenham, bowbearer of Henry IV", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368829186#Deaths", "title": "1416", "revid": 1368829186, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1421, "year_label": "1421 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 22", "text": "March 22 – Thomas of Lancaster, Duke of Clarence, second son of Henry IV of England (killed in battle) (born 1388)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365656442#Deaths", "title": "1421", "revid": 1365656442, "section": "Deaths"}}]}