{"slug": "ilkhanate", "label": "Ilkhanate", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilkhanate", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178084", "qid": "Q178084", "description": "breakaway khanate of the Mongol Empire ruler of Iran (1256–1335)", "entries": 26, "years": 23, "span": [1234, 1390], "span_label": ["1234 CE", "1390 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 12}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 9}, {"title": "Births", "count": 2}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 2}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "mongol-empire", "label": "Mongol Empire", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "tabriz", "label": "Tabriz", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "golden-horde", "label": "Golden Horde", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "persia", "label": "Persia", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "iran", "label": "Iran", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "armenia", "label": "Armenia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "jerusalem", "label": "Jerusalem", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "mamluk-sultanate", "label": "Mamluk Sultanate", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "andronikos-ii-palaiologos", "label": "Andronikos II Palaiologos", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "anatolia", "label": "Anatolia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "aleppo", "label": "Aleppo", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "iraq", "label": "Iraq", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1234, "year_label": "1234 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "February 27", "text": "February 27 – Abaqa Khan, Mongol ruler of the Ilkhanate (d. 1282)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364989988#Births", "title": "1234", "revid": 1364989988, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1256, "year_label": "1256 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 15", "text": "December 15 – Mongol forces under Hulagu Khan capture and dismantle Alamut Castle (near the Masoudabad region) after the surrender of the Nizari Ismaili leaders. Hulagu founds the Ilkhanate dynasty of Persia, which becomes one of the four main divisions of the Mongol Empire. The Nizari Ismaili government is disestablished; some of them migrate to Afghanistan, Badakhshan and Sindh (modern Pakistan).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350995211#Mongol_Empire", "title": "1256", "revid": 1350995211, "section": "Events › By place › Mongol Empire"}}, {"year": 1258, "year_label": "1258 CE", "section": "Births", "date": "March 8", "text": "March 8 – Arghun Khan, Mongol ruler of the Ilkhanate (d. 1291)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1318120479#Births", "title": "1258", "revid": 1318120479, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1262, "year_label": "1262 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Berke–Hulagu war: Mongol forces under Berke Khan, ruler of the Golden Horde, raid territory in the Caucasus belonging to his cousin Hulagu Khan, ruler of the Ilkhanate. Berke supports the Georgian rebels and allies with the Mamluks. He defeats the Ilkhanate forces on the Terek River, together with the Mamluk army led by Baibars (or Abu al-Futuh), saving Palestine and Arabia from Ilkhanate occupation.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1275696322#Mongol_Empire", "title": "1262", "revid": 1275696322, "section": "Events › By place › Mongol Empire"}}, {"year": 1270, "year_label": "1270 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The city of Tabriz, in present-day Iran, is made capital of the Mongol Ilkhanate Empire (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362480805#Asia", "title": "1270", "revid": 1362480805, "section": "Events › Asia"}}, {"year": 1271, "year_label": "1271 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October", "text": "October – Abaqa Khan, Mongol ruler of the Ilkhanate, detaches some 10,000 horsemen from Anatolia to support the Lord Edward in his war against Baibars. They invade Syria and defeat Mamluk forces who protect the region around Aleppo. The Mongols plunder the cities of Maarat al-Numan and Apamea.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351320596#Levant", "title": "1271", "revid": 1351320596, "section": "Events › By place › Levant"}}, {"year": 1282, "year_label": "1282 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "April 4", "text": "April 4 – Abaqa Khan, Mongol ruler of the Ilkhanate (b. 1234)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359685493#Deaths", "title": "1282", "revid": 1359685493, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1284, "year_label": "1284 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "August 10", "text": "August 10 – Tekuder, Mongol ruler of the Ilkhanate (b. 1246)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370723758#Deaths", "title": "1284", "revid": 1370723758, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1287, "year_label": "1287 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Spring – Arghun Khan, Mongol ruler of the Ilkhanate, sends an embassy under Rabban Bar Sauma with the mission of contracting a military alliance against the Mamluk Sultanate and take the city of Jerusalem. He travels with a large retinue (bearing gifts and letters) and 30 riding animals from Tabriz through Armenia to Trebizond. Bar Sauma arrives in Constantinople and receives an audience with Emperor Andronikos II (Palaiologos).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361694581#Middle_East", "title": "1287", "revid": 1361694581, "section": "Events › By place › Middle East"}}, {"year": 1291, "year_label": "1291 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 10", "text": "March 10 – Arghun Khan, Mongol ruler of the Ilkhanate (b. 1258)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363454369#Deaths", "title": "1291", "revid": 1363454369, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1294, "year_label": "1294 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "February 18", "text": "February 18 – Kublai Khan dies; by this time the separation of the four khanates of the Mongol Empire (the Chagatai Khanate in Central Asia, the Golden Horde in Russia, the Ilkhanate in Persia, and the Yuan Dynasty in China) has deepened.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360182245#Asia", "title": "1294", "revid": 1360182245, "section": "Events › Asia"}}, {"year": 1295, "year_label": "1295 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 21", "text": "March 21 – Gaykhatu, Mongol ruler of the Ilkhanate (b. 1259)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368220335#Deaths", "title": "1295", "revid": 1368220335, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1295, "year_label": "1295 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 4", "text": "October 4 – Mongol leader Baydu Khan is executed after a 7-month reign at Tabriz. He is succeeded by Ghazan, who becomes ruler of the Ilkhanate. He converts to Islam, ending a line of Vajrayana (Tantric Buddhist) leaders.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368220335#Asia", "title": "1295", "revid": 1368220335, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1302, "year_label": "1302 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "April 12", "text": "April 12 – Ghazan of the Mongol Empire's Ilkhanate division sends a letter to Pope Boniface and announces preparations for a new campaign against the Mamluk Sultanate.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362151248#April–June", "title": "1302", "revid": 1362151248, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1304, "year_label": "1304 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "May 11", "text": "May 11 – Mahmud Ghazan, Mongol ruler of the Ilkhanate in the Middle East, dies and is succeeded by his brother Öljaitü Qaghan.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361428823#April_–_June", "title": "1304", "revid": 1361428823, "section": "Events › April – June"}}, {"year": 1308, "year_label": "1308 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "Sultan Mesud II, Seljuk vassal of the Mongol Ilkhanate, is murdered after a 5-year reign. During his rule, he exercises no real authority and becomes the last ruler. Ending the Sultanate of Rum after 230 years.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367315343#Europe", "title": "1308", "revid": 1367315343, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1310, "year_label": "1310 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 1", "text": "July 1 – The Citadel of Erbil, headquarters of a rebellion by 10,000 Eastern Christians and located in what is now Iraq, is captured after a siege by the Mongol Ilkhanate, and the defenders are massacred.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332018292#July_–_September", "title": "1310", "revid": 1332018292, "section": "Events › July – September"}}, {"year": 1317, "year_label": "1317 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 5", "text": "July 5 – Mongol Prince Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan becomes the ruler of the Ilkhanate, the Mongol-controlled area of the Middle East.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368785088#July_–_September", "title": "1317", "revid": 1368785088, "section": "Events › July – September"}}, {"year": 1327, "year_label": "1327 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "August 25", "text": "August 25 – Demasq Kaja, Viceroy of Azerbaijan and of Iraq in the Ilkhanate, the Mongol Empire's area of control in the Middle East, is killed in Soltaniyeh after trying to escape arrest on orders of the Ilkhan, Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan. Abu Sa'id had concluded that Demasq's father, Amir Chūpān, was attempting to take over the Ilkhanate.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367267747#July_–_September", "title": "1327", "revid": 1367267747, "section": "Events › July – September"}}, {"year": 1327, "year_label": "1327 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "December 22", "text": "December 22 – Ala ud-Din Timurtash, the Viceroy for Anatolia within the Ilkhanate of the Middle East, and the brother of Demasq Kaja, learns that the Ilkhan Abu Sa'id had arranged for the execution of Demasq. Fearing for his own safety, Timurtash decides to leave and eventually flees to Egypt, but will be executed there on August 12, 1328.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367267747#October_–_December", "title": "1327", "revid": 1367267747, "section": "Events › October – December"}}, {"year": 1335, "year_label": "1335 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "December 1", "text": "December 1 – Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan, Mongol ruler of the Ilkhanate (b. 1305)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267067892#Deaths", "title": "1335", "revid": 1267067892, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1335, "year_label": "1335 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "December 1", "text": "December 1 – Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan dies, a victim of the plague that ravages the Ilkhanate. This is an early outbreak of the Black Death. His death without a clear heir causes the Ilkhanate to disintegrate.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267067892#January–December", "title": "1335", "revid": 1267067892, "section": "Events › January–December"}}, {"year": 1336, "year_label": "1336 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 19", "text": "May 19 – The governor of Baghdad, Oirat 'Ali Padsah, defeats Arpa Ke'un near Maraga, contributing to the disintegration of the Ilkhanate.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367230650#Events", "title": "1336", "revid": 1367230650, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1356, "year_label": "1356 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Ghazan II replaces Anushirwan as ruler of the Ilkhanate in Persia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350441440#Date_unknown", "title": "1356", "revid": 1350441440, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1358, "year_label": "1358 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Mubariz al-Din Muhammad, leader of the Arab Muzaffarid tribe, expels the Blue Horde from Ilkhanate territory in Persia. The Muzaffarid then release control of the Il-Khanate, after being marched on by the Mongol Jalayirid tribe, ruled by Shaikh Uvais. Shaikh Uvais becomes the new Il-Khan. The Ilkhanate is effectively now disbanded, and replaced by the Jalayirid dynasty of Persia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1309312891#Date_unknown", "title": "1358", "revid": 1309312891, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1390, "year_label": "1390 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Sa'ad al-Din Masud ibn Umar ibn Abd Allah al-Taftazani, Ilkhanate polymath (b. 1322)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371631980#Deaths", "title": "1390", "revid": 1371631980, "section": "Deaths"}}]}