{"slug": "international-court-of-justice", "label": "International Court of Justice", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Court_of_Justice", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7801", "qid": "Q7801", "description": "primary judicial organ of the United Nations", "entries": 17, "years": 15, "span": [1933, 2025], "span_label": ["1933 CE", "2025 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 7}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 3}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 3}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 1}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 1}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "chad", "label": "Chad", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "the-hague", "label": "The Hague", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "israel", "label": "Israel", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "united-nations", "label": "United Nations", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "serbia", "label": "Serbia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "libya", "label": "Libya", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "malaysia", "label": "Malaysia", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "singapore", "label": "Singapore", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "greenland", "label": "Greenland", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "honduras", "label": "Honduras", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "el-salvador", "label": "El Salvador", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "world-war-ii", "label": "World War II", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": 1933, "year_label": "1933 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "April 5", "text": "April 5 – The International Court of Justice in The Hague decides that Greenland belongs to Denmark, and condemns Norwegian landings on eastern Greenland. Norway submits to the decision.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371108771#April", "title": "1933", "revid": 1371108771, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1945, "year_label": "1945 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 24", "text": "October 24 – The International Court of Justice (\"World Court\") is established by the United Nations Charter.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371513862#October", "title": "1945", "revid": 1371513862, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1946, "year_label": "1946 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "April 18", "text": "April 18 – The inaugural session of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) takes place at The Hague.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372058859#April", "title": "1946", "revid": 1372058859, "section": "Events › April"}}, {"year": 1980, "year_label": "1980 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 24", "text": "May 24 – The International Court of Justice calls for the release of U.S. Embassy hostages in Tehran.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363797378#May", "title": "1980", "revid": 1363797378, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 1980, "year_label": "1980 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "October 30", "text": "October 30 – El Salvador and Honduras sign a peace treaty to put the border dispute fought over in 1969's Football War before the International Court of Justice.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1363797378#October", "title": "1980", "revid": 1363797378, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 1989, "year_label": "1989 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 31", "text": "August 31 – In the aftermath of the Chadian–Libyan conflict of 1978–87, representatives of Libya and Chad agree to let the International Court of Justice determine ownership of the Aouzou Strip, which has been occupied by Libya since 1973.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369557705#August", "title": "1989", "revid": 1369557705, "section": "Events › August"}}, {"year": 1994, "year_label": "1994 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 3", "text": "February 3 – In the aftermath of the Chadian–Libyan conflict, the International Court of Justice rules that the Aouzou Strip belongs to the Republic of Chad.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369917016#February", "title": "1994", "revid": 1369917016, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 2002, "year_label": "2002 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "February 14", "text": "February 14 – The International Court of Justice rules in favor of the Democratic Republic of the Congo in the Arrest Warrant of 11 April 2000 case.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372652846#February", "title": "2002", "revid": 1372652846, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 2004, "year_label": "2004 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "March 31", "text": "March 31 – The International Court of Justice rules in the Avena case that the United States had violated its obligations to the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations when prosecuting Mexican nationals.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373088592#March", "title": "2004", "revid": 1373088592, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 2007, "year_label": "2007 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 26", "text": "February 26 – The International Court of Justice finds Serbia guilty of failing to prevent genocide in the Srebrenica massacre, but clears it of direct responsibility and complicity in the case.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370930640#February", "title": "2007", "revid": 1370930640, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 2008, "year_label": "2008 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "May 21", "text": "May 21 – The International Court of Justice awards Middle Rocks to Malaysia and Pedra Branca to Singapore, ending a 29-year territorial dispute between the two countries.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372634791#May", "title": "2008", "revid": 1372634791, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2014, "year_label": "2014 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "March 31", "text": "March 31 – The United Nations International Court of Justice rules that Japan's Antarctic whaling program is not scientific but commercial and forbids grants of further permits.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373534475#March", "title": "2014", "revid": 1373534475, "section": "Events › March"}}, {"year": 2017, "year_label": "2017 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "November 22", "text": "November 22 – The International Court of Justice finds Ratko Mladić guilty of genocide committed in Srebrenica during the 1990s Bosnian War, the worst massacre in Europe since World War II. He is sentenced to life in prison.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371948773#November", "title": "2017", "revid": 1371948773, "section": "Events › November"}}, {"year": 2018, "year_label": "2018 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "October 1", "text": "October 1 – The International Court of Justice rules that Chile is not obliged to negotiate access to the Pacific Ocean with Bolivia.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373090883#October", "title": "2018", "revid": 1373090883, "section": "Events › October"}}, {"year": 2024, "year_label": "2024 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 26", "text": "January 26 – Gaza war: The UN's International Court of Justice rules that Israel must take all measures to prevent genocidal acts in Gaza, but stops short of ordering an immediate halt to operations.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371869228#January", "title": "2024", "revid": 1371869228, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 2024, "year_label": "2024 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 24", "text": "May 24 – The UN's highest court, the ICJ, rules that Israel must halt its military offensive in Rafah, southern Gaza.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371869228#May", "title": "2024", "revid": 1371869228, "section": "Events › May"}}, {"year": 2025, "year_label": "2025 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "July 23", "text": "July 23 – The International Court of Justice (ICJ) rules that countries can sue each other over historical emissions of greenhouse gases and the effects of climate change.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372865033#July", "title": "2025", "revid": 1372865033, "section": "Events › July"}}]}