{"slug": "iphicrates", "label": "Iphicrates", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iphicrates", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q354424", "qid": "Q354424", "description": "Athenian general", "entries": 9, "years": 7, "span": [-417, -352], "span_label": ["418 BCE", "353 BCE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 5}, {"title": "Deaths", "count": 2}, {"title": "Births", "count": 1}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "athens", "label": "Athens", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "amphipolis", "label": "Amphipolis", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "timotheus-general", "label": "Timotheus (general)", "shared": 3}, {"slug": "sparta", "label": "Sparta", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "thessaly", "label": "Thessaly", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "philip-ii-of-macedon", "label": "Philip II of Macedon", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "corcyra", "label": "Corcyra", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "thrace", "label": "Thrace", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "potidaea", "label": "Potidaea", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "macedon", "label": "Macedon", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "illyria", "label": "Illyria", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "phrygia", "label": "Phrygia", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -417, "year_label": "418 BCE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Iphicrates, Athenian general (approximate date) (d. c. 353 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1221749718#Births", "title": "418 BC", "revid": 1221749718, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": -390, "year_label": "391 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Athenian general, Iphicrates, with a force composed almost entirely of light troops and peltasts (javelin throwers), wins a decisive victory against the Spartan regiment that has been stationed at Lechaeum in the Battle of Lechaeum. This is the first time that a force of light infantry defeats a unit of Greek hoplites.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367650502#Greece", "title": "391 BC", "revid": 1367650502, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -372, "year_label": "373 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Iphicrates leads an Athenian expedition which successfully relieves Corcyra of a Spartan siege.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1080639284#Greece", "title": "373 BC", "revid": 1080639284, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -368, "year_label": "369 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "On the death of the Macedonian King Amyntas III, his eldest son Alexander II becomes king. The young king is simultaneously faced with an Illyrian invasion from the north-west and an attack from the east by the pretender of the Macedonian throne, Pausanias (who quickly captures several cities and threatens the queen mother, Eurydice). Alexander defeats his enemies with the help of the Athenian general Iphicrates, who has been sailing along the Macedonian coast on the way to recapture Amphipolis.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1256893468#Greece", "title": "369 BC", "revid": 1256893468, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -363, "year_label": "364 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Athenian general, Iphicrates, fails in attempts to recover Amphipolis. Retiring to Thrace, Iphicrates fights for his father-in-law, the Thracian king Cotys I, against Athens for the possession of the Thracian Chersonese. Cotys I is victorious and controls the whole Chersonese peninsula by 359 BC.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1354174238#Greece", "title": "364 BC", "revid": 1354174238, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -355, "year_label": "356 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Chares is given sole command of the Athenian fleet and withdraws to the Hellespont to move against Byzantium. The generals Timotheus, Iphicrates and his son Menestheus are sent with 60 ships to help him when the enemy fleet is sighted on the Hellespont. Timotheus and Iphicrates refuse to engage due to a severe gale, but Chares does engage and lose many of his ships. Timotheus and Iphicrates are accused by Chares and put on trial, however only Timotheus is condemned to pay a fine.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1343819365#Greece", "title": "356 BC", "revid": 1343819365, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -355, "year_label": "356 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Philip II of Macedon secretly offers the city of Amphipolis back to the Athenians in exchange for the valuable port of Pydna. Despite the Athenians being willing to comply, both Pydna and Potidaea are conquered by the Macedonians (along with other Athenian strongholds in Thessaly and Chalcidice) despite being defended by Athenian forces led by general and mercenary commander, Chares, as well as generals Iphicrates and Timotheus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1343819365#Greece", "title": "356 BC", "revid": 1343819365, "section": "Events › By place › Greece"}}, {"year": -355, "year_label": "356 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Having blamed their defeats to Philip II in Thessaly and Chalcidice on his colleagues (Iphicrates and Timotheus), Chares is left in sole command of the Athenian fleet. Chares, in need of money for his war effort, frowns upon asking it from Athens, so, partly compelled by his mercenaries, he enters the service of the insurgent Achaemenid satrap of Phrygia Artabazus who rewards Chares very generously.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1343819365#Persian_Empire", "title": "356 BC", "revid": 1343819365, "section": "Events › By place › Persian Empire"}}, {"year": -352, "year_label": "353 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Iphicrates, Athenian general (b. c. 418 BC)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1231489277#Deaths", "title": "353 BC", "revid": 1231489277, "section": "Deaths"}}]}