{"slug": "ireland", "label": "Ireland", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ireland", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22890", "qid": "Q22890", "description": "island in the North Atlantic Ocean", "entries": 242, "years": 224, "span": [-1683, 2025], "span_label": ["1684 BCE", "2025 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Deaths", "count": 133}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 32}, {"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 30}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 13}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 11}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 5}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 3}, {"title": "Science & Discovery", "count": 3}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 3}, {"title": "Crime & Justice", "count": 3}, {"title": "Births", "count": 2}, {"title": "Technology & Infrastructure", "count": 2}, {"title": "Health & Medicine", "count": 1}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "connacht", "label": "Connacht", "shared": 25}, {"slug": "leinster", "label": "Leinster", "shared": 13}, {"slug": "ui-maine", "label": "Uí Maine", "shared": 13}, {"slug": "ulaid", "label": "Ulaid", "shared": 12}, {"slug": "kings-of-brega", "label": "Kings of Brega", "shared": 12}, {"slug": "vikings", "label": "Vikings", "shared": 9}, {"slug": "munster", "label": "Munster", "shared": 8}, {"slug": "scotland", "label": "Scotland", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "dublin", "label": "Dublin", "shared": 6}, {"slug": "wales", "label": "Wales", "shared": 5}, {"slug": "norway", "label": "Norway", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "brian-boru", "label": "Brian Boru", "shared": 4}], "items": [{"year": -1683, "year_label": "1684 BCE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "1684 BC—Death of Érimón, Irish legend", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1300992863#Significant_people", "title": "1680s BC", "revid": 1300992863, "section": "Significant people"}}, {"year": -657, "year_label": "658 BCE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "End of the rule of Énna Derg in Ireland (according to Foras Feasa ar Éirinn by Geoffrey Keating).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370510328#Events", "title": "658 BC", "revid": 1370510328, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 241, "year_label": "241 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "November 1", "text": "November 1 – The Battle of Samhain is fought in Ireland (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371304577#Europe", "title": "241", "revid": 1371304577, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 367, "year_label": "367 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Great Conspiracy: The Roman garrison on Hadrian's Wall revolts and allows Picts from Caledonia to devastate Britain. Simultaneously Attacotti, the Scotti from Hibernia (Ireland), and the Saxons from Germania invade the island's mid-western and south-eastern borders. They sack the cities and murder, rape or enslave Romano-British civilians.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1326556842#Roman_Empire", "title": "367", "revid": 1326556842, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 368, "year_label": "368 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Winter – The barbarians are driven back to their homelands, Hadrian's Wall is retaken and order returns to the Roman diocese. Theodosius reorganises the abandoned forts and mounts punitive expeditions in Hibernia (Ireland).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332421371#Roman_Empire", "title": "368", "revid": 1332421371, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 379, "year_label": "379 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Niall becomes High King of Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367645183#Europe", "title": "379", "revid": 1367645183, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 385, "year_label": "385 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Saint Patrick, missionary in Ireland (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1280220298#Births", "title": "385", "revid": 1280220298, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 430, "year_label": "430 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Saint Patrick reaches Ireland on his missionary expedition (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370135052#Religion", "title": "430", "revid": 1370135052, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 431, "year_label": "431 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Pope Celestine I dispatches Palladius to serve as bishop to the Irish.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1311961439#Religion", "title": "431", "revid": 1311961439, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 440, "year_label": "440 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Amalgaid mac Fiachrae, king of Connacht (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364748079#Deaths", "title": "440", "revid": 1364748079, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 444, "year_label": "444 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The Irish city of Armagh is founded by Saint Patrick the Great.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1289774779#Europe", "title": "444", "revid": 1289774779, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 445, "year_label": "445 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Ireland: The Diocese of Armagh is created.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1338118826#Religion", "title": "445", "revid": 1338118826, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 446, "year_label": "446 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": null, "text": "The Cor Tewdws (College of Theodosius), Llantwit Major (Wales), is supposedly burned down by Irish pirates.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364739578#Europe", "title": "446", "revid": 1364739578, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 446, "year_label": "446 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Mac Cairthinn mac Coelboth, king of Leinster (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364739578#Deaths", "title": "446", "revid": 1364739578, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 454, "year_label": "454 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Ireland: The Diocese of Clogher is erected.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364747737#Europe", "title": "454", "revid": 1364747737, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 461, "year_label": "461 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Palladius, first bishop of Ireland (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349204937#Deaths", "title": "461", "revid": 1349204937, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 465, "year_label": "465 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Eógan mac Néill, king of Tír Eoghain (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364739674#Deaths", "title": "465", "revid": 1364739674, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 471, "year_label": "471 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The army of King Ceretic of Strathclyde raids the Irish coast, carries off some of Saint Patrick's followers, and sells them into slavery (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365043260#Britannia", "title": "471", "revid": 1365043260, "section": "Events › By place › Britannia"}}, {"year": 480, "year_label": "480 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Ireland: The Diocese of Connor is erected.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364739995#Europe", "title": "480", "revid": 1364739995, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 480, "year_label": "480 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Conall Cremthainne, king of Uisneach (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364739995#Deaths", "title": "480", "revid": 1364739995, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 482, "year_label": "482 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Ailill Molt, High King of Ireland (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340789374#Deaths", "title": "482", "revid": 1340789374, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 483, "year_label": "483 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Crimthann mac Énnai, king of Leinster (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340789371#Deaths", "title": "483", "revid": 1340789371, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 493, "year_label": "493 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "March 17", "text": "March 17 (approximate date) – Saint Patrick, Romano-British Christian missionary, patron saint of Ireland", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340790263#Deaths", "title": "493", "revid": 1340790263, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 500, "year_label": "500 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": null, "text": "Approximate year of the invention of the bee skep in Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361340160#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "AD 500", "revid": 1361340160, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 500, "year_label": "500 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Dauí Tenga Uma, king of Connacht (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361340160#Deaths", "title": "AD 500", "revid": 1361340160, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 518, "year_label": "518 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Moninne of Killeavy, one of Ireland's early women saints (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364754317#Deaths", "title": "518", "revid": 1364754317, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 519, "year_label": "519 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "In Ireland, the Diocese of Kildare is erected.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340792103#Religion", "title": "519", "revid": 1340792103, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 520, "year_label": "520 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Ardgal mac Conaill, king of Uisneach (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364908909#Deaths", "title": "520", "revid": 1364908909, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 542, "year_label": "542 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Eógan Bél, king of Connacht (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340799594#Deaths", "title": "542", "revid": 1340799594, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 549, "year_label": "549 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The Roman Catholic Diocese of Ossory (which still exists) is founded in Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369557736#Religion", "title": "549", "revid": 1369557736, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 549, "year_label": "549 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "January", "text": "January – Ailill Inbanda, king of Connacht (Ireland) (killed in battle)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369557736#Deaths", "title": "549", "revid": 1369557736, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 550, "year_label": "550 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "In Ireland, the Diocese of Tuam is erected.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340799644#Religion", "title": "550", "revid": 1340799644, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 552, "year_label": "552 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The Roman Catholic Diocese of Meath is established in Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340800166#Europe", "title": "552", "revid": 1340800166, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 556, "year_label": "556 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Echu Tirmcharna, king of Connacht (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364739824#Deaths", "title": "556", "revid": 1364739824, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 561, "year_label": "561 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Battle of Cúl Drebene (modern Ireland) is fought between the Northern and Southern Uí Néill (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340800797#Britain", "title": "561", "revid": 1340800797, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 572, "year_label": "572 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Eochaid mac Domnaill, High King of Ireland", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340801019#Deaths", "title": "572", "revid": 1340801019, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 575, "year_label": "575 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Áed mac Echach, king of Connacht (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367658531#Deaths", "title": "575", "revid": 1367658531, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 577, "year_label": "577 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Brendan, Irish abbot (approximate date)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369170756#Deaths", "title": "577", "revid": 1369170756, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 600, "year_label": "600 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Irish missionaries preach in Scotland and Germany (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364751689#Religion", "title": "600", "revid": 1364751689, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 600, "year_label": "600 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Aedh Buidhe, king of Uí Maine (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364751689#Deaths", "title": "600", "revid": 1364751689, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 603, "year_label": "603 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Schuttern Abbey (Germany) is founded by the wandering Irish monk Offo.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364752956#Religion", "title": "603", "revid": 1364752956, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 605, "year_label": "605 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Brandub mac Echach, king of Uí Ceinnselaig (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364904400#Deaths", "title": "605", "revid": 1364904400, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 628, "year_label": "628 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Suibne Menn, High King of Ireland", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340803502#Deaths", "title": "628", "revid": 1340803502, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 632, "year_label": "632 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "October 29", "text": "October 29 – Saint Colman mac Duagh, Irish abbot and bishop", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370178497#Deaths", "title": "632", "revid": 1370178497, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 637, "year_label": "637 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Congal Cáech, high king of Dál nAraidi (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1315736944#Deaths", "title": "637", "revid": 1315736944, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 637, "year_label": "637 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 24", "text": "June 24 – Battle of Mag Rath: King Oswald of Northumbria sends troops to Ireland, to assist Domnall Brecc King of Dál Riata in his alliance with King Congal Cáech of Ulaid against Domnall mac Áedo High King of Ireland, during the Irish dynastic wars. Domnall Brecc, Congal and their forces are defeated near Moira. At the Mull of Kintyre (southwest Scotland), Domnall mac Áedo's fleet destroys Domnall Brecc's naval force of Dál Riata.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1315736944#Britain", "title": "637", "revid": 1315736944, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 639, "year_label": "639 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Faílbe Flann mac Áedo Duib, king of Munster (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364754023#Deaths", "title": "639", "revid": 1364754023, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 653, "year_label": "653 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Marcán mac Tommáin, king of Uí Maine (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367635810#Deaths", "title": "653", "revid": 1367635810, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 654, "year_label": "654 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Conall Cóel, high king of Ireland", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362652029#Deaths", "title": "654", "revid": 1362652029, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 656, "year_label": "656 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Crundmáel Erbuilc, king of the Uí Ceinnselaig (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367635539#Deaths", "title": "656", "revid": 1367635539, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 663, "year_label": "663 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Guaire Aidne mac Colmáin, king of Connacht (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367635360#Deaths", "title": "663", "revid": 1367635360, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 664, "year_label": "664 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "May 1", "text": "1 May – A solar eclipse affects areas along a line from Central America, through eastern North America, the North Atlantic, Ireland, Great Britain and Germany.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367636792#North_America_&_Europe", "title": "664", "revid": 1367636792, "section": "Events › By place › North America & Europe"}}, {"year": 668, "year_label": "668 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Colman of Lindisfarne, accompanied by 30 disciples, sails for Ireland, settling down at Inishbofin and founds a monastery.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340805218#Religion", "title": "668", "revid": 1340805218, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 691, "year_label": "691 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Fithceallach mac Flainn, king of Uí Maine (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340806265#Deaths", "title": "691", "revid": 1340806265, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 693, "year_label": "693 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Fáelchar ua Máele Ódrain, king of Osraige (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340806250#Deaths", "title": "693", "revid": 1340806250, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 697, "year_label": "697 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Council of Birr: The northern part of Ireland accepts the Roman calculations for celebrating Easter. At this synod Adomnán, abbot of Iona (Scotland), promulgates his Cáin Adomnáin (\"Law of the Innocents\").", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361010652#Religion", "title": "697", "revid": 1361010652, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 705, "year_label": "705 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Cellach mac Rogallaig, king of Connacht (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340807090#Deaths", "title": "705", "revid": 1340807090, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 711, "year_label": "711 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Seachnasach, king of Uí Maine (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358403455#Deaths", "title": "AD 711", "revid": 1358403455, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 712, "year_label": "712 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Bran ua Máele Dúin, king of the Uí Ceinnselaig (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1357552155#Deaths", "title": "712", "revid": 1357552155, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 715, "year_label": "715 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Winning, an Irish monk, lands at the mouth of the River Garnock in Scotland, and establishes a community or cell of monks (termed cella or \"Kil\" in Gaelic).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367661130#Religion", "title": "715", "revid": 1367661130, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 724, "year_label": "724 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Cináed mac Írgalaig, also known as \"the one-eyed\", becomes High King of Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340808653#Europe", "title": "724", "revid": 1340808653, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 727, "year_label": "727 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Murchad mac Brain Mut, king of Leinster (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372352645#Deaths", "title": "AD 727", "revid": 1372352645, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 728, "year_label": "728 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Domnall mac Cellaig, king of Connacht (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340808673#Deaths", "title": "728", "revid": 1340808673, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 735, "year_label": "735 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Cathal mac Muiredaig, king of Connacht (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340809672#Deaths", "title": "735", "revid": 1340809672, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 738, "year_label": "738 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Áed mac Colggen, king of the Uí Cheinnselaig (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340809691#Deaths", "title": "738", "revid": 1340809691, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 742, "year_label": "742 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Áed Balb mac Indrechtaig, king of Connacht (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340809740#Deaths", "title": "742", "revid": 1340809740, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 745, "year_label": "745 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Cathal Maenmaighe, king of Uí Maine (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364906475#Deaths", "title": "745", "revid": 1364906475, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 746, "year_label": "746 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Maelimarchair, bishop of Aughrim (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340809747#Deaths", "title": "746", "revid": 1340809747, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 748, "year_label": "748 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Indrechtach mac Dungalaig, king of Brega (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340809772#Deaths", "title": "748", "revid": 1340809772, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 749, "year_label": "749 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Ailello hui Daimine, king of Uí Maine (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365938976#Deaths", "title": "749", "revid": 1365938976, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 750, "year_label": "750 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Inreachtach mac Dluthach, king of Uí Maine (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358128937#Deaths", "title": "750", "revid": 1358128937, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 751, "year_label": "751 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Fergus mac Fogartaig, king of Brega (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340809785#Deaths", "title": "751", "revid": 1340809785, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 756, "year_label": "756 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Forggus mac Cellaig, king of Connacht (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366654675#Deaths", "title": "756", "revid": 1366654675, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 757, "year_label": "757 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Cummascach mac Flainn, king of Uí Failghe (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341678247#Deaths", "title": "AD 757", "revid": 1341678247, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 759, "year_label": "759 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Dúngal mac Amalgado, king of Brega (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340847712#Deaths", "title": "759", "revid": 1340847712, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 760, "year_label": "760 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Muiredach mac Murchado, king of Leinster (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358120145#Deaths", "title": "760", "revid": 1358120145, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 761, "year_label": "761 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Donngal mac Laidcnén, king of the Uí Ceinnselaig (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340847723#Deaths", "title": "761", "revid": 1340847723, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 765, "year_label": "765 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "The Annals of Tigernach tell of a shortage of bread in Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340847741#Europe", "title": "765", "revid": 1340847741, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 765, "year_label": "765 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Flaithbertach mac Loingsig, High King of Ireland", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340847741#Deaths", "title": "765", "revid": 1340847741, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 766, "year_label": "766 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Fallomon mac Con Congalt, king of Mide (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267073182#Deaths", "title": "766", "revid": 1267073182, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 767, "year_label": "767 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Aedh Ailghin, king of Uí Maine (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350246348#Deaths", "title": "AD 767", "revid": 1350246348, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 768, "year_label": "768 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Dub-Indrecht mac Cathail, king of Connacht (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267068964#Deaths", "title": "768", "revid": 1267068964, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 769, "year_label": "769 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Tallaght Monastery is founded in Ireland by Máel Ruain; it becomes a centre of learning and piety, particularly associated with the Culdees' (Céli Dé) spiritual reform movement.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349074717#Religion", "title": "769", "revid": 1349074717, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 769, "year_label": "769 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Conchubhar mac Cumasgach, king of Uí Fiachrach Aidhne (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349074717#Deaths", "title": "769", "revid": 1349074717, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 770, "year_label": "770 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Cennselach mac Brain, king of the Uí Ceinnselaig (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340847752#Deaths", "title": "770", "revid": 1340847752, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 771, "year_label": "771 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Coirpre mac Fogartaig, king of Brega (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340847758#Deaths", "title": "771", "revid": 1340847758, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 772, "year_label": "772 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Dúngal mac Cellaig, king of Osraige (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359487792#Deaths", "title": "772", "revid": 1359487792, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 773, "year_label": "773 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Donn Cothaid mac Cathail, king of Connacht (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369635460#Deaths", "title": "773", "revid": 1369635460, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 776, "year_label": "776 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Nuada ua Bolcain, abbot of Tuam (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848048#Deaths", "title": "776", "revid": 1340848048, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 776, "year_label": "776 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Cellach mac Dúnchada, king of Leinster (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848048#Deaths", "title": "776", "revid": 1340848048, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 777, "year_label": "777 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Feardomhnach, abbot of Tuam (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1348716720#Deaths", "title": "AD 777", "revid": 1348716720, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 778, "year_label": "778 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Congalach mac Conaing, king of South Brega (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267081416#Deaths", "title": "778", "revid": 1267081416, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 780, "year_label": "780 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Dunchadh ua Daimhine, king of Uí Maine (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364753540#Deaths", "title": "780", "revid": 1364753540, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 782, "year_label": "782 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Conall mac Fidhghal, king of Uí Maine (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267081621#Deaths", "title": "782", "revid": 1267081621, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 786, "year_label": "786 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Diarmait mac Conaing, king of South Brega (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848276#Deaths", "title": "786", "revid": 1340848276, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 789, "year_label": "789 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle records the first appearance of Vikings in England. The Viking raid on Portland in Dorset is the first of its kind recorded in the British Isles, including Ireland. The reeve of Dorchester (a local high-ranking official) goes to greet them after they land, perhaps accustomed to welcoming Scandinavian merchants. He is killed. Viking attacks increase in intensity over the coming decades.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848283#Britain", "title": "789", "revid": 1340848283, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 789, "year_label": "789 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Fiachnae mac Áedo Róin, king of Ulaid (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848283#Deaths", "title": "789", "revid": 1340848283, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 790, "year_label": "790 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Irish monks (known as the Papar), possibly members of a Hiberno-Scottish mission, supposedly reach Iceland in hide-covered coracles, and begin settlements (approximate date). However, the evidence for this is scant.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848291#Religion", "title": "790", "revid": 1340848291, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 791, "year_label": "791 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Artgal mac Cathail, king of Connacht (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364749143#Deaths", "title": "791", "revid": 1364749143, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 792, "year_label": "792 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Cináed mac Artgail, king of Connacht (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364906591#Deaths", "title": "792", "revid": 1364906591, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 795, "year_label": "795 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "In the earliest recorded Viking raid on Ireland, they attack the monasteries at Iona (Inner Hebrides), Inishbofin and Inishmurray (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848647#Europe", "title": "795", "revid": 1340848647, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 795, "year_label": "795 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Bran Ardchenn, king of Leinster (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848647#Deaths", "title": "795", "revid": 1340848647, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 796, "year_label": "796 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Colla mac Fergusso, king of Connacht (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364907018#Deaths", "title": "796", "revid": 1364907018, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 800, "year_label": "800 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The Book of Kells is written and illuminated in a Columban monastery, in Ireland (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367075277#Religion", "title": "800", "revid": 1367075277, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 800, "year_label": "800 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Ailill mac Fergusa, king of South Brega (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367075277#Deaths", "title": "800", "revid": 1367075277, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 805, "year_label": "805 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Cernach mac Fergusa, king of South Brega (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361734873#Deaths", "title": "805", "revid": 1361734873, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 806, "year_label": "806 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Vikings massacre Columba's monks, and all the inhabitants on the island of Iona (Scotland). Other monks flee to safety in the monastery of Kells (Ireland). They take with them the Book of Kells.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1292643508#Britain", "title": "806", "revid": 1292643508, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 810, "year_label": "810 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Eochaid mac Fiachnai, king of Ulaid (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848812#Deaths", "title": "810", "revid": 1340848812, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 812, "year_label": "812 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Flann mac Congalaig, king of Brega (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1345909676#Deaths", "title": "812", "revid": 1345909676, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 815, "year_label": "815 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Muirgius mac Tommaltaig, king of Connacht (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1348647036#Deaths", "title": "815", "revid": 1348647036, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 818, "year_label": "818 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Cernach mac Congalaig, king of Brega (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340941123#Deaths", "title": "818", "revid": 1340941123, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 819, "year_label": "819 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Áed Oirdnide, king of Ailech (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340941210#Deaths", "title": "819", "revid": 1340941210, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 820, "year_label": "820 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Fedelmid mac Crimthainn assumes the kingship as ruler of Munster (modern Ireland).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1345013367#Ireland", "title": "820", "revid": 1345013367, "section": "Events › By place › Ireland"}}, {"year": 825, "year_label": "825 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Máel Bressail mac Ailillo, king of Ulaid (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340941320#Deaths", "title": "825", "revid": 1340941320, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 832, "year_label": "832 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "The town of Clondalkin (modern Ireland) is sacked by Vikings from Denmark, and the monastery is burnt to the ground.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267075509#Britain_and_Ireland", "title": "832", "revid": 1267075509, "section": "Events › By place › Britain and Ireland"}}, {"year": 833, "year_label": "833 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Conchobar mac Donnchada, High King of Ireland", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340941699#Deaths", "title": "833", "revid": 1340941699, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 834, "year_label": "834 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Cellach mac Brain, king of Leinster (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340941786#Deaths", "title": "834", "revid": 1340941786, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 838, "year_label": "838 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Bran mac Fáeláin, king of Leinster (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340941885#Deaths", "title": "838", "revid": 1340941885, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 840, "year_label": "840 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Vikings from Norway capture Dublin and establish a Norse kingdom in Ireland, and also at about this date make their first overwintering at Lough Neagh in the north of Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367666598#British_Isles", "title": "840", "revid": 1367666598, "section": "Events › By place › British Isles"}}, {"year": 841, "year_label": "841 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The town of Dyflin (meaning \"Black Pool\") or Dublin (modern Ireland) is founded by Norwegian Vikings, on the south bank of the River Liffey. The settlement is fortified with a ditch and an earth rampart, with a wooden palisade on top. The Norsemen establish a wool weaving industry, and there is also a slave trade. An artificial hill is erected, where the nobility meets to make laws and discuss policy.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360650312#Ireland", "title": "841", "revid": 1360650312, "section": "Events › By place › Ireland"}}, {"year": 842, "year_label": "842 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Vikings attack the Irish monastery at Clonmacnoise from bases in Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350256465#Britain", "title": "842", "revid": 1350256465, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 842, "year_label": "842 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Dúngal mac Fergaile, king of Osraige (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350256465#Deaths", "title": "842", "revid": 1350256465, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 843, "year_label": "843 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Fergus mac Fothaid, king of Connacht (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340941897#Deaths", "title": "843", "revid": 1340941897, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 847, "year_label": "847 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Fedelmid mac Crimthainn, king of Munster (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1348153742#Deaths", "title": "847", "revid": 1348153742, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 848, "year_label": "848 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Máel Sechnaill mac Maíl Ruanaid, High King of Mide, defeats a Norse Viking army at Sciath Nechtain in Ireland (approximate date).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341129160#Europe", "title": "848", "revid": 1341129160, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 849, "year_label": "849 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Conaing mac Flainn, king of Brega (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341129155#Deaths", "title": "849", "revid": 1341129155, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 851, "year_label": "851 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Cináed mac Conaing, king of Brega (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267073715#Deaths", "title": "851", "revid": 1267073715, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 853, "year_label": "853 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Áilgenán mac Donngaile, king of Munster (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267072185#Deaths", "title": "853", "revid": 1267072185, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 857, "year_label": "857 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Matudán mac Muiredaig, king of Ulaid (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267075868#Deaths", "title": "857", "revid": 1267075868, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 859, "year_label": "859 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Máel Gualae, king of Munster (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1348997263#Deaths", "title": "859", "revid": 1348997263, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 862, "year_label": "862 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Máel Sechnaill mac Maíl Ruanaid, High King of Ireland", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341129421#Deaths", "title": "862", "revid": 1341129421, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 864, "year_label": "864 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Viking raiders, led by Olaf the White, arrive in Scotland from the Viking settlement of Dublin (Ireland). He rampages the country, until his defeat in battle by King Constantine I.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365939843#Europe", "title": "864", "revid": 1365939843, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 864, "year_label": "864 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Lorcán mac Cathail, king of Uisneach (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365939843#Deaths", "title": "864", "revid": 1365939843, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 865, "year_label": "865 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Tigernach mac Fócartai, king of Lagore (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341129586#Deaths", "title": "865", "revid": 1341129586, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 867, "year_label": "867 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Donnchad mac Aedacain, king of Uisneach (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366655299#Deaths", "title": "867", "revid": 1366655299, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 868, "year_label": "868 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "King Áed Findliath drives the invading Danes and Norwegians out of Ireland, after defeating them at the Battle of Killineery.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358169430#Britain", "title": "868", "revid": 1358169430, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 871, "year_label": "871 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Uathmharan mac Brocan, king of Aidhne (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341129558#Deaths", "title": "871", "revid": 1341129558, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 872, "year_label": "872 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Cenn Fáelad hua Mugthigirn, king of Munster (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267071842#Deaths", "title": "872", "revid": 1267071842, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 873, "year_label": "873 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Lethlobar mac Loingsig, king of Ulaid (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267072669#Deaths", "title": "873", "revid": 1267072669, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 877, "year_label": "877 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Battle of Strangford Lough: King Halfdan I leaves for Ireland, in an attempt to claim the Kingdom of Dublin from his rival Bárid mac Ímair. He is killed in battle at Strangford Lough, and a probable interregnum follows in York.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1267071400#Britain", "title": "877", "revid": 1267071400, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 879, "year_label": "879 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Áed Findliath, high king of Ireland", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1348046041#Deaths", "title": "879", "revid": 1348046041, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 882, "year_label": "882 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Ainbíth mac Áedo, Dál Fiatach king of Ulaid (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1345951089#Deaths", "title": "882", "revid": 1345951089, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 883, "year_label": "883 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Eochocán mac Áedo, king of Ulaid (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341129939#Deaths", "title": "883", "revid": 1341129939, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 885, "year_label": "885 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Muiredach mac Brain, king of Leinster (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366655145#Deaths", "title": "885", "revid": 1366655145, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 886, "year_label": "886 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Airemón mac Áedo, king of Ulaid (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367666946#Deaths", "title": "886", "revid": 1367666946, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 888, "year_label": "888 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Áed mac Conchobair, king of Connacht (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1347624107#Deaths", "title": "AD 888", "revid": 1347624107, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 893, "year_label": "893 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Bécc mac Airemóin, king of Ulaid (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364917563#Deaths", "title": "893", "revid": 1364917563, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 895, "year_label": "895 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Muiredach mac Eochocáin, king of Ulaid (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1346093921#Deaths", "title": "895", "revid": 1346093921, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 898, "year_label": "898 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Aitíth mac Laigni, king of Ulaid (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1346095520#Deaths", "title": "898", "revid": 1346095520, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 900, "year_label": "900 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Tadg mac Conchobair, king of Connacht (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364042634#Deaths", "title": "900", "revid": 1364042634, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 908, "year_label": "908 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "September 13", "text": "September 13 – Cormac mac Cuilennáin, king of Munster (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364468131#Deaths", "title": "908", "revid": 1364468131, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 909, "year_label": "909 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Cerball mac Muirecáin, king of Leinster (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367656270#Deaths", "title": "909", "revid": 1367656270, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 915, "year_label": "915 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Domnall mac Áeda, king of Ailech (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341130780#Deaths", "title": "915", "revid": 1341130780, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 917, "year_label": "917 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Augaire mac Ailella, king of Leinster (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364468140#Deaths", "title": "917", "revid": 1364468140, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 919, "year_label": "919 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Ragnall ua Ímair, a Viking chief from Ireland, takes control of the Norse Kingdom of York (also referred to as Jórvik) and the English-ruled Earldom of Northumbria. He establishes himself as king at York.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341509579#Britain", "title": "919", "revid": 1341509579, "section": "Events › By Place › Britain"}}, {"year": 920, "year_label": "920 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Mael Macduach, king of Hy Fiachrach (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1349205100#Deaths", "title": "920", "revid": 1349205100, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 943, "year_label": "943 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "February 26", "text": "February 26 – Muirchertach mac Néill, king of Ailech (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364916983#Deaths", "title": "943", "revid": 1364916983, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 951, "year_label": "951 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Cennétig mac Lorcáin, king of Tuadmumu (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341512694#Deaths", "title": "951", "revid": 1341512694, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 954, "year_label": "954 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Cellachán Caisil, king of Munster (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360671354#Deaths", "title": "954", "revid": 1360671354, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 959, "year_label": "959 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Donnchadh mac Urchadh, king of Maigh Seóla (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341512808#Deaths", "title": "959", "revid": 1341512808, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 960, "year_label": "960 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Murchadh mac Aodha, king of Uí Maine (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365272128#Deaths", "title": "960", "revid": 1365272128, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 964, "year_label": "964 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Toichleach ua Gadhra, king of Gailenga (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1353633013#Deaths", "title": "964", "revid": 1353633013, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 966, "year_label": "966 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Cormac ua Cillín, abbot of Tuamgraney (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341513206#Deaths", "title": "966", "revid": 1341513206, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 968, "year_label": "968 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Battle of Sulcoit in Ireland: The Irish of the Dál gCais led by Brian Boru defeats the Viking forces of Limerick. After the battle the Dál gCais seize and burn the Viking stronghold of Limerick. Ending of Norse expansion in Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364919231#Europe", "title": "968", "revid": 1364919231, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 978, "year_label": "978 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Comhaltan Ua Clerigh, king of Hy Fiachrach (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365272344#Deaths", "title": "978", "revid": 1365272344, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 980, "year_label": "980 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Domnall ua Néill (or Donal O'Neill), High King of Ireland", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364109392#Deaths", "title": "980", "revid": 1364109392, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 983, "year_label": "983 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Aed Ua Dubhda, king of Uí Fiachrach (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341908613#Deaths", "title": "983", "revid": 1341908613, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 984, "year_label": "984 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Domnall Claen, king of Leinster (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341908618#Deaths", "title": "984", "revid": 1341908618, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 985, "year_label": "985 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Muirgus mac Domnaill, king of Uí Maine (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364468346#Deaths", "title": "985", "revid": 1364468346, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 992, "year_label": "992 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "Approximate date – Norse Viking settlers establish a mint in Dublin (Ireland), to produce silver pennies.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364919750#Europe", "title": "992", "revid": 1364919750, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 993, "year_label": "993 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Maelcairearda, king of Uí Briúin (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350009737#Deaths", "title": "993", "revid": 1350009737, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 996, "year_label": "996 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Gilla Pátraic mac Donnchada, king of Osraige (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365261051#Deaths", "title": "996", "revid": 1365261051, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 999, "year_label": "999 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Muirgheas mac Aedh, king of Uí Díarmata (Ireland) (killed)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364468443#Deaths", "title": "AD 999", "revid": 1364468443, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1005, "year_label": "1005 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "High King of Ireland Brian Boru makes a second expedition to the north, to take hostages from the northern kingdoms. During this campaign he visits Armagh – making an offering of 20 ounces of gold to the church and confirming to the apostolic see of Saint Patrick, ecclesiastical supremacy over the whole of Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341910116#British_Isles", "title": "1005", "revid": 1341910116, "section": "Events › By place › British Isles"}}, {"year": 1006, "year_label": "1006 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Fiachra Ua Focarta, abbot of Clonfert (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1344800605#Deaths", "title": "1006", "revid": 1344800605, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1012, "year_label": "1012 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Máel Mórda mac Murchada starts a rebellion against High King Brian Boru in Ireland, which ends in 1014 at the Battle of Clontarf.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365271481#Ireland", "title": "1012", "revid": 1365271481, "section": "Events › By place › Ireland"}}, {"year": 1021, "year_label": "1021 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Mac Cú Ceanain, king of Uí Díarmata (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342212958#Deaths", "title": "1021", "revid": 1342212958, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1027, "year_label": "1027 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Dogra mac Dúnadach, king of Síol Anmchadha (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1342215196#Deaths", "title": "1027", "revid": 1342215196, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1043, "year_label": "1043 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Cathal mac Ruaidhri, king of Maigh Seóla (Ireland)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365591040#Deaths", "title": "1043", "revid": 1365591040, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1048, "year_label": "1048 CE", "section": "Births", "date": null, "text": "Domnall Ua Lochlainn, High King of Ireland (d. 1121)", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1350129783#Births", "title": "1048", "revid": 1350129783, "section": "Births"}}, {"year": 1096, "year_label": "1096 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "In Ireland, the Diocese of Waterford is established.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365266324#Religion", "title": "1096", "revid": 1365266324, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1118, "year_label": "1118 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "Enna mac Donnchada mac Murchada becomes King of Dublin in Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365269195#British_Isles", "title": "1118", "revid": 1365269195, "section": "Events › By place › British Isles"}}, {"year": 1132, "year_label": "1132 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Malachy is appointed archbishop of Armagh in Ireland, to impose the Roman liturgy on the independent Irish Church.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359566515#Religion", "title": "1132", "revid": 1359566515, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1132, "year_label": "1132 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Diarmait Mac Murchada has the abbey of Kildare in Ireland burned, and the abbess raped. He becomes king of the province of Leinster.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1359566515#Religion", "title": "1132", "revid": 1359566515, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1152, "year_label": "1152 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Synod of Kells-Mellifont: The present diocesan system of Ireland is established (with later modifications), and the primacy of Armagh is recognized.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365584069#Religion", "title": "1152", "revid": 1365584069, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1166, "year_label": "1166 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": null, "text": "Muirchertach Mac Lochlainn, High King of Ireland", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1303964516#Deaths", "title": "1166", "revid": 1303964516, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1167, "year_label": "1167 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Diarmaid mac Murchadha (or Dermot), former king of Leinster, returns to Ireland with an advance party of Flemings under Richard fitz Godbert de Roche.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361983030#Ireland", "title": "1167", "revid": 1361983030, "section": "Events › By place › Ireland"}}, {"year": 1171, "year_label": "1171 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "July", "text": "July – King Henry II decides to lead a military expedition to Ireland and summons Richard de Clare (Strongbow) to join forces. In September, Richard travels to England and promises his loyalty to Henry. He is granted Leinster as a fiefdom and is honored with the post of \"royal constable in Ireland\". The army is assembled at Pembroke – several siege towers are shipped over, should Henry need to assault the Norman-held towns (or others such as Cork and Limerick).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362165802#Britain", "title": "1171", "revid": 1362165802, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 1174, "year_label": "1174 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October", "text": "October – Battle of Thurles: Gaelic-Irish forces under King Domnall Mór Ua Briain defeat an Anglo-Norman invasion at Thurles in Ireland. The English expedition led by Earl Richard de Clare (Strongbow) is surprised while encamped in the area of Lognafola and is forced to retreat to Waterford.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362171775#Ireland", "title": "1174", "revid": 1362171775, "section": "Events › By place › Ireland"}}, {"year": 1175, "year_label": "1175 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Treaty of Windsor: High King Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair relinquishes his title and agrees to submit to Henry II as vassal of Connacht in Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362172106#Britain", "title": "1175", "revid": 1362172106, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 1181, "year_label": "1181 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": null, "text": "King Henry II removes Hugh de Lacy, lord of Meath, from his position as procurator of Ireland, possibly because of his having married the daughter of High King Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360570363#Ireland", "title": "1181", "revid": 1360570363, "section": "Events › Europe › Ireland"}}, {"year": 1189, "year_label": "1189 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "August", "text": "August – William Marshal marries the 17-year-old Isabel de Clare (daughter of Richard de Clare). Through this marriage, he becomes 1st Earl of Pembroke, acquiring huge estates in England, Normandy, Wales and Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362168718#Britain", "title": "1189", "revid": 1362168718, "section": "Events › By place › Britain"}}, {"year": 1198, "year_label": "1198 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "December 2", "text": "December 2 – Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair, High King of Ireland", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365584676#Deaths", "title": "1198", "revid": 1365584676, "section": "Deaths"}}, {"year": 1208, "year_label": "1208 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Autumn – William Marshal is recalled and humiliated by King John at court in London, while John gives his justiciar in Ireland, Meiler Fitzhenry the order to invade Marshal's lands there, burning the town of New Ross.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371078934#Europe", "title": "1208", "revid": 1371078934, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1216, "year_label": "1216 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Ballintubber Abbey is founded by King Cathal Crobhdearg Ua Conchobair of Connacht, in Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371079230#Religion", "title": "1216", "revid": 1371079230, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1228, "year_label": "1228 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "December 23", "text": "December 23 – Stephen of Anagni, Italian papal chaplain, is commissioned to collect a special tax in England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales to finance Gregory X's War of the Keys against Frederick II.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360747311#Europe", "title": "1228", "revid": 1360747311, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1235, "year_label": "1235 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Connacht in Ireland is finally conquered by the Hiberno-Norman Richard Mór de Burgh; Felim Ua Conchobair is expelled.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362483906#Events", "title": "1235", "revid": 1362483906, "section": "Events"}}, {"year": 1247, "year_label": "1247 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Battle of Ballyshannon: Norman forces under Maurice FitzGerald defeat a Gaelic army near Ballyshannon in northern Ireland. After the battle, the entire country of Donegal is devastated and plundered by the Normans.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362480331#British_Isles", "title": "1247", "revid": 1362480331, "section": "Events › By place › British Isles"}}, {"year": 1253, "year_label": "1253 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Sligo Abbey, a Dominican monastery, is founded by Maurice FitzGerald, Norman chief governor of Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362664638#Religion", "title": "1253", "revid": 1362664638, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 1254, "year_label": "1254 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "King Henry III of England grants his eldest son the Lord Edward areas of land including crown lands in Wales, Ireland, the Channel Islands and Gascony. He is also given the cities of Bristol, Stamford and Grantham. The reason for these concessions is to give Edward experience of governing lands of his own before becoming a king. Edward is granted the Three Castles in Wales, Skenfrith Castle, White Castle and Grosmont Castle.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1296887805#England", "title": "1254", "revid": 1296887805, "section": "Events › By place › England"}}, {"year": 1258, "year_label": "1258 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": null, "text": "Irish, assisted by Scottish gallowglasses, halt the English advance westward through Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1318120479#British_Isles", "title": "1258", "revid": 1318120479, "section": "Events › By place › British Isles"}}, {"year": 1264, "year_label": "1264 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "June 18", "text": "June 18 – The Parliament of Ireland meets at Castledermot in County Kildare, the first definitely known meeting of this Irish legislature.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1334426011#British_Isles", "title": "1264", "revid": 1334426011, "section": "Events › By place › British Isles"}}, {"year": 1288, "year_label": "1288 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": "January 20", "text": "January 20 – Newcastle Emlyn Castle in West Wales is recaptured by the English forces after a ten-day siege, bringing Rhys ap Maredudd's revolt to an end. Rhys is exiled to Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367964096#England_and_Scotland", "title": "1288", "revid": 1367964096, "section": "Events › By place › England and Scotland"}}, {"year": 1303, "year_label": "1303 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "May 16", "text": "May 16 – King Edward I of England assembles 7,500 troops at Roxburgh to prepare for a resumption of his campaign against the Kingdom of Scotland, to begin after concluding peace between England and France. In advance of the invasion, Edward orders that three pre-fabricated pontoon bridges be built and transported, in a fleet of 27 ships. After crossing into Scotland, Edward and his soldiers burns hamlet and towns, granges and granaries. Meanwhile, Richard Óg de Burgh, \"the Red Earl\" with forces from Ireland capture the castles of Rothesay and Inverkip.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360891664#April–June", "title": "1303", "revid": 1360891664, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1308, "year_label": "1308 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "June 25", "text": "June 25 – Piers Gaveston is exiled for the second time by the Parliament, due to possible corruption and exploited personal gains. As compensation for the loss of the Earldom of Cornwall, which is another condition of his exile, Gaveston is granted land worth 3,000 marks annually in Gascony. Further to this, he is appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland – so that a certain amount of honour can be maintained despite the humiliation of the exile. Gaveston is also threatened with ex-communication by Pope Clement V. Edward II accompanies him to Bristol, from where he sets sail for Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367315343#April_–_June", "title": "1308", "revid": 1367315343, "section": "Events › April – June"}}, {"year": 1333, "year_label": "1333 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "June 6", "text": "June 6 – William Donn de Burgh, 3rd Earl of Ulster, is murdered as part of the Burke Civil War in Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351084838#January–December", "title": "1333", "revid": 1351084838, "section": "Events › January–December"}}, {"year": 1392, "year_label": "1392 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Seoan mac Pilib succeeds Tomas mor mac Mathghamhna as King of East Breifne, in north-central Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360558319#Date_unknown", "title": "1392", "revid": 1360558319, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1398, "year_label": "1398 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "Glendalough monastery in Wicklow, Ireland is destroyed by English troops.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370372737#Date_unknown", "title": "1398", "revid": 1370372737, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1399, "year_label": "1399 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 19", "text": "August 19 – Richard II of England is taken prisoner by Henry Bolingbroke upon his return from Ireland and surrenders at Flint Castle in return for his life.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362188981#July–September", "title": "1399", "revid": 1362188981, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1399, "year_label": "1399 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "July 4", "text": "July 4 – While Richard II of England is away on a military campaign in Ireland, Henry Bolingbroke, with exiled former archbishop of Canterbury Thomas Arundel as an advisor, returns to England and begins a military campaign to reclaim his confiscated lands.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362188981#July–September", "title": "1399", "revid": 1362188981, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1402, "year_label": "1402 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Conchobar an Abaidh mac Maelsechlainn O Cellaigh succeeds Maelsechlainn mac William Buidhe O Cellaigh, as King of Uí Maine in modern-day County Galway and County Roscommon in Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371594109#Date_unknown", "title": "1402", "revid": 1371594109, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1404, "year_label": "1404 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Ruaidri Caech MacDermot succeeds Conchobair Óg MacDermot as King of Magh Luirg, in what later becomes northeast Connacht, Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361962096#Date_unknown", "title": "1404", "revid": 1361962096, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1446, "year_label": "1446 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": null, "text": "The Blarney Stone is set into a tower of Blarney Castle in Blarney, County Cork in Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360566332#Date_unknown", "title": "1446", "revid": 1360566332, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1495, "year_label": "1495 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "July 3", "text": "July 3 – At the Battle of Deal, Perkin Warbeck's troops land in Kent, in support of his claim to the English crown, backed by Margaret of York, Duchess of Burgundy. They are routed before Warbeck himself can disembark, and he retreats to Ireland and then to Scotland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365256979#July–September", "title": "1495", "revid": 1365256979, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1497, "year_label": "1497 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "A famine \"prevailed through all Ireland\", according to the Annals of the Four Masters.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372862240#Date_unknown", "title": "1497", "revid": 1372862240, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1562, "year_label": "1562 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 6", "text": "January 6 – Shane O'Neill of Tír Eoghain pleads his cause at the Palace of Whitehall in London, before Queen Elizabeth I of England, who recognises his status. He returns to Ireland on May 26, and resumes his rebellious activities by November.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1362000458#January–March", "title": "1562", "revid": 1362000458, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1593, "year_label": "1593 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 11", "text": "October 11 – The Battle of Belleek takes place at County Fermanagh in Ireland as an English expeditionary force led by Henry Bagenal defeats Irish troops commanded by the Lord of Fermanagh.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351972668#October–December", "title": "1593", "revid": 1351972668, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1599, "year_label": "1599 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 15", "text": "August 15 – First Battle of Curlew Pass: Irish forces defeat the English.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373325746#July–September", "title": "1599", "revid": 1373325746, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1601, "year_label": "1601 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "October 2", "text": "October 2 (September 22 O.S.) – 4th Spanish Armada; a large Spanish fleet, with 4,500 soldiers led by Juan del Águila, lands at Kinsale at County Cork in Ireland, to assist Tyrone's Rebellion.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369165918#October–December", "title": "1601", "revid": 1369165918, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1601, "year_label": "1601 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "September 2", "text": "September 2 – 4th Spanish Armada is sent; a fleet of 33 ships and 4,432 men, under the command of Admiral Juan del Águila, departs Portugal after being dispatched to Ireland by King Philip III. The Spanish fleet is intended to support an Irish rebellion led by Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone and Hugh Roe O'Donnell against the British.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369165918#July–September", "title": "1601", "revid": 1369165918, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1602, "year_label": "1602 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 18", "text": "June 18 – Nine Years' War (Ireland): Dunboy Castle in Ireland is taken by the English after 143 Irish defenders had withstood an 11-day siege by more than 4,000 English soldiers under the command of Sir George Carew. Of the 143 soldiers, who had been loyal to Donal Cam O'Sullivan Beare, 85 are killed in the siege, and the 58 survivors are hanged after the English victory.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351972919#April–June", "title": "1602", "revid": 1351972919, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1647, "year_label": "1647 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "August 8", "text": "August 8 – Battle of Dungan's Hill: Irish forces are defeated by English Parliamentary forces.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358071698#July–September", "title": "1647", "revid": 1358071698, "section": "Events › July–September"}}, {"year": 1649, "year_label": "1649 CE", "section": "Crime & Justice", "date": "January 27", "text": "January 27 – King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland is found guilty of high treason in a public session.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367892628#January–March", "title": "1649", "revid": 1367892628, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1653, "year_label": "1653 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "December 16", "text": "December 16 – The Instrument of Government in England becomes Britain's first written constitution, under which Oliver Cromwell becomes Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland, being advised by a remodelled English Council of State. This is the start of The First Protectorate, bringing an end to the first period of republican government in the country, the Commonwealth of England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365981775#October–December", "title": "1653", "revid": 1365981775, "section": "Events › October–December"}}, {"year": 1654, "year_label": "1654 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": "December 11", "text": "December 11 – Sir William Petty wins the contract from the Commonwealth of England to make a survey of Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365981814#October_–December", "title": "1654", "revid": 1365981814, "section": "Events › October –December"}}, {"year": 1660, "year_label": "1660 CE", "section": "Technology & Infrastructure", "date": "June 1", "text": "June 1 – The office of Secretary of State for the Southern Department begins operations in the Kingdom of Great Britain, with responsibility for the colonies of British America in what will later become Canada and the United States, as well as for Ireland and for the Channel Islands. Sir Edward Nicholas, a former British Secretary of State, takes office as the first Southern Department secretary.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365986539#April–June", "title": "1660", "revid": 1365986539, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1670, "year_label": "1670 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "March 7", "text": "March 7 – Oliver Plunkett, the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Armagh since 1669, is allowed to return to Ireland for the first time in more than 22 years, after a new policy of tolerance of Catholicism is enacted in England. Plunkett had departed for Rome in 1647 during the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland. Executed in 1681 on false charges of plotting an invasion of Ireland, Plunkett is canonized as a saint of the Roman Catholic Church in 1975.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368809725#January–March", "title": "1670", "revid": 1368809725, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1678, "year_label": "1678 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "In Ireland, the vacant Bishopric of Leighlin is given to the Bishop of Kildare in commendam; it will later be formed into the Roman Catholic Diocese of Kildare and Leighlin.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1368552109#Date_unknown", "title": "1678", "revid": 1368552109, "section": "Events › Date unknown"}}, {"year": 1685, "year_label": "1685 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "February 6", "text": "February 6 – Catholic James Stuart, Duke of York, becomes King James II of England and Ireland, and King James VII of Scotland, in succession to his brother Charles II (1660–1685), King of England, Scotland, and Ireland since 1660. James II and VII reigns until deposed, in 1688.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369485499#January–March", "title": "1685", "revid": 1369485499, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1685, "year_label": "1685 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 11", "text": "June 11 – Monmouth Rebellion: James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth, illegitimate son of King Charles II of England, Scotland, and Ireland, lands at Lyme Regis with an invasion force brought from the Netherlands, to challenge his uncle, James II, for the Crown of England.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369485499#April–June", "title": "1685", "revid": 1369485499, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1690, "year_label": "1690 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 14", "text": "June 14 – King William III of England (William of Orange) lands in Ireland to confront James II.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369486553#April–June", "title": "1690", "revid": 1369486553, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1698, "year_label": "1698 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "May 1", "text": "May 1 – The Banishment Act of 1697 goes into effect for Roman Catholic church officials in Ireland, having been the deadline for all \"popish archbishops, bishops, vicars general, deans, jesuits, monks, friars, and other regular popish clergy\" to have reported to Irish ports for deportation. Re-entry to Ireland after May 4, 1698, is a criminal offense with a penalty of 12 months imprisonment and expulsion, while a second re-entry is punishable by death as treason.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370144847#April–June", "title": "1698", "revid": 1370144847, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1748, "year_label": "1748 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "January 27", "text": "January 27 – A fire at the prison and barracks at Kinsale, in Ireland, kills 54 of the prisoners of war housed there. An estimated 500 prisoners are safely conducted to another prison.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1361284371#January–March", "title": "1748", "revid": 1361284371, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1760, "year_label": "1760 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "February 21", "text": "February 21–26 – Seven Years' War: Battle of Carrickfergus in the north of Ireland – A force of French troops, under the command of privateer François Thurot, captures and holds the town and castle of Carrickfergus before retiring; the force is defeated (and Thurot killed) in the naval Battle of Bishops Court in the Irish Sea on February 28.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1358844484#January–March", "title": "1760", "revid": 1358844484, "section": "Events › January–March"}}, {"year": 1817, "year_label": "1817 CE", "section": "Health & Medicine", "date": "June 12", "text": "June 12 – Tradesman Jeffery Sedwards establishes the Skibbereen Abstinence Society in Ireland, considered the first organisation devoted to teetotalism in Europe.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1360260504#April–June", "title": "1817", "revid": 1360260504, "section": "Events › April–June"}}, {"year": 1895, "year_label": "1895 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "September", "text": "September – Shelbourne F.C. is founded in Dublin, Ireland.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364324653#September", "title": "1895", "revid": 1364324653, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1899, "year_label": "1899 CE", "section": "Science & Discovery", "date": "January 14", "text": "January 14 – The White Star Line's transatlantic ocean liner is launched from the Belfast shipyards in Ireland. At 17,272 gross register tons and 704 ft m, she is the largest ship afloat at this time.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371393177#January", "title": "1899", "revid": 1371393177, "section": "Events › January"}}, {"year": 1914, "year_label": "1914 CE", "section": "Deaths", "date": "July 26", "text": "July 26 – Howth gun-running: former British civil servant and novelist Erskine Childers and his wife Molly sail into Howth in Ireland and land 2,500 guns for the nationalist Irish Volunteers from a German dealer. British Army troops of the King's Own Scottish Borderers, returning to Dublin having been called out to assist police in attempting to prevent the Volunteers from moving the arms to the city, perpetrate the Bachelor's Walk massacre, firing on a crowd of protestors at Bachelors Walk, killing three; a fourth man dies later from bayonet wounds and more than 37 others are injured.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373518346#July", "title": "1914", "revid": 1373518346, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 1954, "year_label": "1954 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "September 5", "text": "September 5 - KLM flight 633, a Lockheed L-1049C Super Constellation named “Triton”, attempted to ditch into the river Shannon immediately after takeoff from Shannon Airport, Ireland. 28 of the 56 passengers and crew were killed", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1369212684#September", "title": "1954", "revid": 1369212684, "section": "Events › September"}}, {"year": 1961, "year_label": "1961 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": "July 31", "text": "July 31 – Ireland submits the first application from a non-founding country to join the European Economic Community.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372676854#July", "title": "1961", "revid": 1372676854, "section": "Events › July"}}, {"year": 2011, "year_label": "2011 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "February 10", "text": "February 10 - Manx2 Flight 7100, a Fairchild Metro III, crashes on its third attempt at landing at Cork airport, Ireland from Belfast. Six of the twelve passengers and crew are killed.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372940525#February", "title": "2011", "revid": 1372940525, "section": "Events › February"}}, {"year": 2025, "year_label": "2025 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "January 24", "text": "January 24 – Storm Éowyn hits Ireland and the United Kingdom. Record high wind speeds of 183 kph are recorded in Ireland, while over a million homes are left without power.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372865033#January", "title": "2025", "revid": 1372865033, "section": "Events › January"}}]}