{"slug": "istria", "label": "Istria", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istria", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639912", "qid": "Q639912", "description": "peninsula on the Adriatic Sea", "entries": 10, "years": 10, "span": [-218, 1888], "span_label": ["219 BCE", "1888 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 3}, {"title": "Exploration & Expansion", "count": 2}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 1}, {"title": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "count": 1}, {"title": "Economy & Finance", "count": 1}, {"title": "Culture & Society", "count": 1}, {"title": "Disasters & Accidents", "count": 1}], "related": [{"slug": "adriatic-sea", "label": "Adriatic Sea", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "francia", "label": "Francia", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "charlemagne", "label": "Charlemagne", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "republic-of-venice", "label": "Republic of Venice", "shared": 2}, {"slug": "rome", "label": "Rome", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "tuscany", "label": "Tuscany", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "corsica", "label": "Corsica", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "byzantine-empire", "label": "Byzantine Empire", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "missionary", "label": "Missionary", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "pepin-of-italy", "label": "Pepin of Italy", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "italy", "label": "Italy", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "roman-republic", "label": "Roman Republic", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -218, "year_label": "219 BCE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "The Romans extend their area of domination around the head of the Adriatic Sea as far as the peninsula of Histria by the conquest of peoples who dwell to the east of the Veneti. Thus, with the exception of Liguria and the upper valley of the Po River, all Italy south of the Alps is brought within the Roman sphere.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1325717539#Roman_Republic", "title": "219 BC", "revid": 1325717539, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Republic"}}, {"year": -15, "year_label": "16 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The Noricans having joined with the Pannonians in invading Histria, are defeated by Publius Silius Nerva, proconsul of Illyricum.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372034339#Roman_Empire", "title": "16 BC", "revid": 1372034339, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 599, "year_label": "599 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Callinicus, governor (exarch) of Ravenna, repulses attacks of the South Slavs in Istria (Croatia). The region is pillaged, but the Byzantines drive them all out.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1364752063#Europe", "title": "599", "revid": 1364752063, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 774, "year_label": "774 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": null, "text": "King Charlemagne conquers the Lombard Kingdom, and establishes Frankish rule in Pavia, Venetia, Istria, Emilia, Tuscany, and Corsica. Charlemagne visits Rome; he confirms the Donation of Pepin (see 756) while insisting on his own sovereignty. Pope Adrian I grants him the title of patrician. Charlemagne puts down immediate insurrections in Friuli.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848019#Europe", "title": "774", "revid": 1340848019, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 789, "year_label": "789 CE", "section": "Exploration & Expansion", "date": null, "text": "King Pepin of Italy conquers Istria on the Adriatic, ignoring Byzantine protests. He establishes a tributary march, and sends missionaries.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848283#Europe", "title": "789", "revid": 1340848283, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 803, "year_label": "803 CE", "section": "Geopolitics & Diplomacy", "date": null, "text": "Emperors Nikephoros I and Charlemagne settle their imperial boundaries in the Adriatic Sea, and sign the Pax Nicephori (\"Peace of Nikephoros\"). The Byzantines retain control of the coastal cities and islands in Dalmatian Croatia, while Frankish rule is accepted over Istria and the Dalmatian hinterland. Venice is recognized as independent by the Byzantine Empire.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1340848789#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "803", "revid": 1340848789, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 932, "year_label": "932 CE", "section": "Economy & Finance", "date": null, "text": "Pietro II and Capodistria make a trade agreement without imperial authorization, the self-proclaimed \"Marquis\" Wintkar forbids repaying any debts to Venice. Pietro begins an economic blockade of Istrian cities.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1341512125#Europe", "title": "932", "revid": 1341512125, "section": "Events › By place › Europe"}}, {"year": 1310, "year_label": "1310 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": "June 15", "text": "June 15 – Tiepolo conspiracy: Leading Venetian nobles led by Bajamonte Tiepolo organise a conspiracy against Doge Pietro Gradenigo. Their plot fails due to treachery and the rebels are defeated near Piazza San Marco by forces faithful to the doge. During their retreat to the San Polo sestiere, the Rialto Bridge is burnt down. Later, Tiepolo surrenders himself and is exiled to Istria. The suppression of the revolt will lead to the creation of the Council of Ten.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332018292#April_–_June", "title": "1310", "revid": 1332018292, "section": "Events › April – June"}}, {"year": 1325, "year_label": "1325 CE", "section": "Culture & Society", "date": "May 5", "text": "May 5 – The Istrian Demarcation, setting out the boundaries of disputed Italian territories in the Adriatic Sea peninsula of Istria (part of the modern-day Republic of Croatia), and confirms the agreement between the independent Italian states of Aquileia, Gorizia, and the Venetian Republic. The document is published in three languages (Latin, German and Croatian).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1366485647#April_–_June", "title": "1325", "revid": 1366485647, "section": "Events › April – June"}}, {"year": 1888, "year_label": "1888 CE", "section": "Disasters & Accidents", "date": "February 20", "text": "February 20 – The Croatian sailing ship Kostrena, sailing from Cette to Rijeka, ran aground in the Bobina bay on the Istrian side of the Vela vrata strait because of bad weather; the same happened to another Croatian sailing ship, the Ireneo.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1372679419#February", "title": "1888", "revid": 1372679419, "section": "Events › February"}}]}