{"slug": "iznik", "label": "İznik", "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0znik", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217125", "qid": "Q217125", "description": "district and town in the Province of Bursa, Turkey", "entries": 7, "years": 7, "span": [-309, 1223], "span_label": ["310 BCE", "1223 CE"], "topics": [{"title": "Conflict & Security", "count": 3}, {"title": "Religion & Belief", "count": 2}, {"title": "Climate & Environment", "count": 2}], "related": [{"slug": "turkey", "label": "Turkey", "shared": 4}, {"slug": "constantinople", "label": "Constantinople", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "istanbul", "label": "Istanbul", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "empire-of-nicaea", "label": "Empire of Nicaea", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "nicaea", "label": "Nicaea", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "john-iii-doukas-vatatzes", "label": "John III Doukas Vatatzes", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "easter", "label": "Easter", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "nicene-creed", "label": "Nicene Creed", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "arius", "label": "Arius", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "seljuq-dynasty", "label": "Seljuq dynasty", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "anatolic-theme", "label": "Anatolic Theme", "shared": 1}, {"slug": "michael-vii-doukas", "label": "Michael VII Doukas", "shared": 1}], "items": [{"year": -309, "year_label": "310 BCE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "The cities of Antigonia Troas (later known as Alexandria Troas) and Antigoneia (later known as Nicaea) are founded by Antigonus I Monophthalmus.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1351686531#Asia_Minor", "title": "310 BC", "revid": 1351686531, "section": "Events › By place › Asia Minor"}}, {"year": 325, "year_label": "325 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "May 20", "text": "May 20 – First Council of Nicaea: Constantine summons an ecumenical council of bishops in Nicaea (Turkey). The Nicene Creed, adopted on June 19, declares that the members of the Trinity (the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit) are equal. The council decides that Easter is celebrated on the first Sunday after the first full moon after the vernal equinox. Arius is exiled to Illyria; his works are confiscated and consigned to the flames.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1291934511#Religion", "title": "325", "revid": 1291934511, "section": "Events › By topic › Religion"}}, {"year": 362, "year_label": "362 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": null, "text": "An earthquake strikes Nicaea (Turkey).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1331333761#Roman_Empire", "title": "362", "revid": 1331333761, "section": "Events › By place › Roman Empire"}}, {"year": 368, "year_label": "368 CE", "section": "Climate & Environment", "date": "October 11", "text": "11 October – An earthquake strikes Nicaea (modern Turkey).", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1332421371#Asia", "title": "368", "revid": 1332421371, "section": "Events › By place › Asia"}}, {"year": 1078, "year_label": "1078 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Spring – Nikephoros Botaneiates, a Byzantine general (strategos) of the Theme of the Anatolics, revolts against Emperor Michael VII Doukas. With the support of the Seljuk Turks who provide him with troops, Nikephoros marches upon Nicaea (modern Turkey). He defeats the imperial army and proclaims himself emperor.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1329585949#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "1078", "revid": 1329585949, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 1094, "year_label": "1094 CE", "section": "Conflict & Security", "date": null, "text": "Spring – Emperor Alexios I Komnenos sends a Byzantine expeditionary force under General Tatikios to Nicaea, in an attempt to re-capture the city from the Seljuk Turks. However, the arrival of Barkiyaruq's army en route stops the Byzantines. Alexios sends reinforcements; short of supplies, the Seljuk Turks retreat. Abu'l-Qasim, Seljuk governor of Nicaea, is defeated and forced to conclude a truce with Alexios.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1365267917#Byzantine_Empire", "title": "1094", "revid": 1365267917, "section": "Events › By place › Byzantine Empire"}}, {"year": 1223, "year_label": "1223 CE", "section": "Religion & Belief", "date": "January 4", "text": "January 4 – Germanus II takes office as Patriarch of Constantinople, leader of the Eastern Orthodox Church, after moving the patriarchate's capital 56 mi from Constantinople (now Istanbul) to Nicaea (now Iznik in Turkey), as the guest of John III Doukas Vatatzes, Emperor of Nicaea.", "cite": {"url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1336497375#January–March", "title": "1223", "revid": 1336497375, "section": "Events › January–March"}}]}